Annals of clinical and laboratory science最新文献

{"title":"Total Serum IgE Levels, Viral Load and CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Children with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Brooklyn, New York.","authors":"Tamar A Smith-Norowitz, Haram Abdelmajid, Rauno Joks, Stephan Kohlhoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels are associated with progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and altered T cell regulation. High serum IgE levels may be a clinical indicator of disease in HIV+ adults; however, few studies in children have been reported. The aim of this study sought to determine whether there exists a correlation between serum IgE levels, viral load, or CD4+ and CD8+ T cell in children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CPHIV) in Brooklyn, N.Y.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pediatric patients (N=6, 67% female) diagnosed with HIV infection on anti-retroviral therapy. Age of entry (time 1) was 1-5 years old; follow up (time 2) was six years later. The primary analysis compared specific variables: total serum IgE (IU/mL), viral load (RNA copy/mL), CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells (%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Percentages of lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) and serum IgE levels increased, but CD4/CD8 ratio and viral load decreased from time 1 to time 2. However, only changes in CD8+ T cells were significant (mean difference: -8.33(5.72), <i>P</i>=0.031) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). At time 2, mean differences were not significant when subjects were stratified according to positive/negative serum IgE status or high/low viral load.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CPHIV, CD8+ T cells significantly increased over time, confirming their importance as a marker for disease progression. However, the relevance of high serum IgE levels in CPHIV remains unclear. Understanding unique biomarkers in CPHIV is important for early life HIV cure strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"380-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Prevalence of Breast Tumors and Associated Abnormalities in Hematological and Coagulation Parameters in the Asir Region, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Mohammed Makkawi, Lujaeen Alasiri, Sultan Alasmari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the prevalence and classifications of breast tumors in the Asir region over the last five years, together with abnormal hematological parameters and coagulation profiles prior to cancer therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis, covering the period from 2018 to 2022, was conducted at Asir Central Hospital in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Data on demographics and tumor types were obtained from the medical records of 764 patients. Hematological parameters and coagulation profiles of 94 malignant breast cancer patients and control samples were compared using GraphPad Prism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of cases were benign breast disease (61%, 473), followed by malignant tumors (38%, 292). The most common benign subtypes were fibroadenoma (53.2%, 252 patients), fibrocystic breast alterations (12.6%, 60 patients), and fibroadenosis (9.9%, 47 patients). Among malignant tumors, invasive ductal carcinoma (82.1%, 240 patients), ductal carcinoma in situ (7.1%, 21 patients), and invasive lobular carcinoma (3.7%, 11 patients) predominated. Malignancy patients had lower HB, RBC, MCHC, MCH, MCV, and HCT, and higher RDW. In addition, INR was significantly lower than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the five-year period ending in 2022, the incidence rate of malignant breast cancer increased in the Asir region. Patients with such cancers show significant abnormalities in hematological parameters and coagulation profiles prior to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"373-379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Hemophagocytosis: Diagnostic Cues and Potential Pitfalls.","authors":"Sumit Shah, Ginell R Post, Hany Meawad, Jeanette Ramos, Soumya Pandey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemophagocytosis is the process of phagocytosis of erythrocytes or other hematopoietic precursors by histiocytes or macrophages. Increased histiocytic activity may be observed in infections, inflammation, bone marrow hyperplasia, ineffective hematopoiesis, malignancies, as well as in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Here we present two challenging cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with associated hemophagocytosis, one in which hemophagocytosis provided a diagnostic cue and another in which extensive HLH obscured the underlying AML. The first case highlights the characteristic morphologic (leukemic blasts with erythrophagocytosis) and immunophenotypic findings (high side scatter and bright HLA-DR expression) observed in AML with t(8;16). The second case highlights the importance of careful bone marrow examination to rule out an underlying malignancy in children presenting with HLH, as the diagnosis and treatment of primary malignancy is crucial in successful management. The second case also shows an uncommon presentation of AML with concomitant EBV-associated HLH. A high index of suspicion for malignancy based on clinical history and careful bone marrow examination led us to reach the definitive diagnosis in a timely manner and allowed for optimal patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"426-433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of Presentations at the Association of Clinical Scientists 146^th Meeting Providence, RI May 14-17, 2025.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"453-474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL2RB Remodels the Immune Microenvironment and Promotes the Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Juan Qin, Yunxiang Tang, Rui Zhu, Xuqin Feng, Jun Bie, Yang Shu, Qikun Lv","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) is a prevalent malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Interleukin 2 receptor beta (IL2RB) has been implicated in various cancers; however, its role in ESCC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed IL2RB expression in clinical samples and cell lines. The impact of IL2RB on tumor progression was assessed using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, along with in vivo tumor models. In addition, we explored the effect of IL2RB on the immune microenvironment and its potential to modulate the JAK1/STAT5 pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL2RB was found to be significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues compared to normal tissues. Functional studies revealed that IL2RB knockdown inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). IL2RB was shown to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment by inducing CD8+T cell depletion. Mechanistic investigations indicated that IL2RB activates the JAK1/STAT5 pathway, thereby promoting ESCC progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that IL2RB plays a critical role in ESCC progression and immune evasion, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. Further studies are warranted to explore the clinical application of IL2RB targeting in ESCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"309-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miRNA-29c-3p Activates the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway by Down-Regulating SOCS3 to Promote Pathological Angiogenesis and Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Xiao-Mei Chen, Min Wen, Rong Wu, Jin-Feng Xie, Nian-Lian Wen, Ting-Hui Fan, Sheng Huang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of miRNA-29c-3p regulating suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) were exposed to 25 mM high glucose concentrations to establish a DR cell model and underwent transfection to down-regulate miRNA-29c-3p and SOCS3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High glucose induces upregulation of miRNA-29c-3p and downregulation of SOCS3 expression in hRMECs. Under high-glucose conditions, inhibition of miRNA-29c-3p significantly suppresses hRMEC migration, angiogenesis, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Notably, this inhibitory effect is partially reversed upon SOCS3 knockdown. Moreover, miRNA-29c-3p directly targets and regulates SOCS3 mRNA expression. Importantly, SOCS3 knockdown markedly activates the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in hRMECs, which can be suppressed by reducing miRNA-29c-3p levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>miRNA-29c-3p promotes DR progression by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway through SOCS3 regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"299-308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Angiotensin Promoting the Process of Intrauterine Adhesions by Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway.","authors":"Tieying Shan, Zhiying Li, Junjiao Li, Ansheng Cai, Jinghong Ma, Xiaonan Jia, Junjun Fan, Lihua Song","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The pathogenesis of intrauterine adhesions remains unclear, with angiotensin potentially contributing to their progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rat model of intrauterine adhesion (IUA) was constructed. Histomorphological analysis of endometrial architecture was performed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Protein expression profiles of NLRP3, IL-1β, <i>α</i>-smooth muscle actin (<i>α</i>-SMA), and E-cadherin were quantified through Western blot analysis. PCR detection was performed using primer sequences specific to the factors of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rat IUA model exhibited characteristic uterine wall adhesions, marked inflammatory infiltration, and significantly reduced vimentin expression compared to sham-operated controls. Systemic analyses revealed Ang II's concentration-dependent promotion of IUA progression, with 10^-5-10^-7 mol/L doses significantly elevating endometrial epithelial cell (EEC) proliferation (<i>p</i><0.05), collagen I/III secretion (p<0.05), and EMT marker dysregulation. Mechanistically, Ang II activated the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, driving IL-1β overexpression and pyroptosis, with maximal adhesion severity at 10^-5 mol/L. NLRP3 agonism exacerbated inflammatory responses, while siRNA-mediated NLRP3 knockdown restored E-cadherin expression and attenuated N-cadherin, effectively reversing EMT progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that angiotensin II drives intrauterine adhesion progression through NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory escalation and fibrotic remodeling. The identified Ang II-NLRP3 axis may offer a dual therapeutic target for mitigating both pathological inflammation and endometrial fibrosis in adhesion prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"365-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>RUNX1::RUNX1T1</i> Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia Secondary to Isolated Breast Myeloid Sarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Gui-Rui Sang, Chun-Li Xu, Dong-Ping Huang, Yu Chen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Isolated Myeloid sarcoma (IMS) of breast is extremely rare and current treatment approaches for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) secondary to breast IMS are even rarer. It is worthwhile to explore the clinical features of this disease and the promising treatment strategy.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We described one case of IMS that occurred in the breast in a 37-year-old female, who progressed to <i>RUNX1::RUNX1T1</i> positive AML in less than two years. Then, she was treated with Venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents, which showed favorable response.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>She has remained in complete remission (CR) to date after the Venetoclax-based treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breast IMS is rare but highly progressive to AML. Imaging and histopathology are key tools in diagnosing it and Venetoclax-based regimens may be a promising treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"443-448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science: Information for Authors.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"475-476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auraptene Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress through the EGFR/ERK Signaling Pathway to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Outcome.","authors":"Shuang Jin, Tianjie Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The mechanism of auraptene (AUR) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was explored through <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments combined with network pharmacology technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the potential targets and related pathways of AUR in AMI. AMI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of Sprague-Dawley rats. Prior to modeling, AUR (50 mg/kg) was administered continuously for one week. AMI in rats was assessed by ultrasonic electrocardiogram, TTC staining, serum myocardial enzyme, hematoxylin-eosin staining, TUNEL staining, and apoptotic protein detection. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in rat myocardium was evaluated by dihydroethidium staining and measurement of ERS-related proteins. An AMI cell model was established in oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes. Interventions with AUR, ERS agonist tunicamycin (TM), or epithelial growth factor (EGF) (EGFR agonist) were applied to H9C2 cells induced by OGD. Cell damage was evaluated using CCK-8 assay, lactic dehydrogenase measurement, and apoptotic protein detection. ERS in H9C2 cells was evaluated using the ER-Tracker Red molecular probe and ERS-labeled proteins. The expression of EGFR/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway-related proteins was detected by western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology and molecular docking suggest that EGFR may be a potential target for AUR in AMI, with the ERK signaling pathway identified as a crucial pathway. <i>In vivo</i>, AUR preconditioning significantly improved myocardial injury in AMI rats and inhibited ERS and EGFR/ERK signaling pathway activities in myocardial tissue. <i>In vitro</i>, AUR pretreatment reduced ERS induced by OGD in H9C2 cells. Compared to the OGD+AUR group, the OGD+AUR+TM group showed significantly increased cell damage and ERS level (<i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the OGD+AUR group, the activity of the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway, ERS level, and the degree of cell damage in the OGD+AUR+EGF group were significantly improved (<i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AUR inhibits ERS by regulating the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway, thus improving outcomes in AMI rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"55 3","pages":"321-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}