Annals of clinical and laboratory science最新文献

{"title":"Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science: Information for Authors.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"382-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) and AgNOR Staining for Improved Diagnostic Accuracy in Serous Effusions.","authors":"Magdi M Salih, Shatha A Alotaibi, Adil A M Yousif, Tariq E Elmissbah, Eman H Khalifa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Serous effusion smears categorized as suspicious for malignancy (SFM) pose significant diagnostic challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) quantification across International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRS-FC) categories and to assess its association with increasing cytological atypia and malignancy risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 160 serous effusion samples collected between October 2024 and June 2025 were examined using Papanicolaou and AgNOR staining. Cases were classified into negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (MAL). Mean Ag-NOR counts were compared across categories using appropriate statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean Ag-NOR counts (mean±SD) increased progressively from NFM (5.64±4.45) and AUS (5.98±5.15) to SFM (7.66±6.62) and MAL (8.64±7.81). One-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference among groups (<i>p</i>=0.001). Post hoc analysis confirmed significantly higher counts in SFM and MAL compared with NFM, and in MAL compared with AUS (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AgNOR quantification provides objective proliferative information that may enhance diagnostic stratification in serous effusion cytology, particularly in indeterminate categories. Further multicenter studies are required to establish standardized cut-off values before routine clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"303-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphous Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young (PLNTY): A Rare Entity.","authors":"David M Berger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This report describes a case of polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) with an unusual immunohistochemical profile that was diagnosed with next-generation sequencing.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>An 11-year-old female presented with a seizure and was found to have a 3.3 cm right temporal calcified mass with mild heterogeneous enhancement most consistent with a low-grade glioma. The mass was biopsied. Sections showed a moderately cellular neoplasm composed of oval to elongate cells with clumped chromatin, scant cytoplasm, irregular nuclear contours, and rare mitotic figures within a fibrillary background with delicate branching capillaries and microcalcifications. The neoplastic cells were diffusely positive for synaptophysin and negative for NeuN. Additionally, the cells had a patchy positivity for CD34 and p16, rare positivity for SOX10 and GFAP, strong positivity for p53 in 20% of cells, absence of <i>BRAF</i> V600E and <i>IDH1</i> R132H mutant proteins, retained nuclear expression of ATRX, and a Ki67 index of 3%. Next-generation sequencing revealed an <i>FGFR2::SHTN1</i> fusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates the increasing centrality of molecular testing in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors and the impact of recent advances in CNS tumor classification on the care of pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"339-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myeloid Neoplasm with Eosinophilia Harboring a Novel <i>CCDC6::PDGFRB</i> fusion: Diagnostic Challenge and Therapeutic Implications.","authors":"Vasily Ovechko, Anindita Ghosh, Sofia Garces, Guilin Tang, C Cameron Yin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions are rare hematologic malignancies characterized by constitutive kinase activation and sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. <i>PDGFRB</i> rearrangements are uncommon, and <i>CCDC6::PDGFRB</i> fusion has been reported only rarely.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 44-year-old man presented with leukocytosis, eosinophilia, anemia, splenomegaly, and constitutional symptoms. A bone marrow examination showed granulocytic hyperplasia with marked eosinophilia. Cytogenetic analysis revealed t(5;10)(q32;q21), while optical genome mapping identified a <i>CCDC6::PDGFRB</i> fusion, confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. No additional pathogenic mutations were detected by targeted next-generation sequencing. Treatment with low-dose imatinib achieved rapid hematologic remission, which was maintained at 22 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the importance of comprehensive genomic testing in patients with eosinophilia-associated myeloid neoplasms for identifying rare and therapeutically actionable <i>PDGFRB</i> rearrangements.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"350-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KRAS-Driven Combined Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma and Atypical Carcinoid Tumor: A Rare Case with Shared Clonal Origins.","authors":"Alexander B Banerjee, Jaiyeola Thomas-Ogunniyi, Navneet Narula, Mahmoud Elsayad","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a rare case of a combined pulmonary tumor composed of adenocarcinoma and atypical carcinoid, both sharing identical KRAS p.G12S mutations and high PD-L1 expression. A 74-year-old woman with a remote history of stage IV colon cancer presented with acute bilateral pulmonary embolism and was subsequently found to have a right upper lobe (RUL) lung nodule. Histologic examination of the biopsy and subsequent resection material revealed two morphologically distinct tumor components: adenocarcinoma and an atypical carcinoid. Immunohistochemical stains showed divergent marker profiles, while next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PD-L1 immunostaining demonstrated shared KRAS mutation and similar expression patterns, indicating a clonal relationship. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of a KRAS-mutated adenocarcinoma and atypical carcinoid tumor with molecular confirmation of clonality. This case underscores the critical role of integrated histologic and molecular analysis in the diagnosis and classification of combined lung tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"365-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Capillary Dual Point-of-Care Testing to Support Cardio-Renal Diagnostic Decision-Making in Ambulatory Care.","authors":"Perrin Ngougni Pokem, Ali Khatib, Florian Belik, Álvaro Martínez Ortega, Iman Azariouh Kaddouri, Soukayna Draoui, Laura Labriola, Arnaud Devresse, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, Damien Gruson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Integrated interpretation of renal function and natriuretic peptides is essential in ambulatory cardio-renal care. This study evaluated whether a single-capillary dual point-of-care testing (POCT) strategy combining creatinine/eGFR and NT-proBNP could support real-time, integrated clinical decision-making during a single consultation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this exploratory, single-center, real-world study that was designed as a feasibility study focusing on workflow integration and clinical usability, capillary creatinine/eGFR and NT-proBNP were evaluated using a single-fingerstick dual-POCT workflow in two exploratory clinical subgroups recruited according to their respective clinical indications. Analytical agreement was assessed using Passing-Bablok regression (slope, intercept, and 95% confidence intervals) and Bland-Altman analysis. Agreement at guideline-based clinical thresholds (eGFR ≤60 mL/min/1.73m²; NT-proBNP ≥125 ng/L) was evaluated using Cohen's kappa. Workflow feasibility and time-to-result were also documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-three patients underwent creatinine/eGFR testing, and a separate subgroup of 22 patients underwent NT-proBNP testing, reflecting different clinical indications and real-world recruitment during this exploratory feasibility study. Passing-Bablok regression showed good agreement with slopes close to unity and no significant systematic bias. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated clinically acceptable limits of agreement. Diagnostic agreement at clinical thresholds was substantial for eGFR (κ=0.71) and perfect for NT-proBNP (κ=1.00), with no clinically relevant misclassification. Dual biomarker results were available within approximately 15 minutes, enabling same-visit clinical decisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single-capillary dual-biomarker POCT workflow enables rapid and reliable cardio-renal assessment within one ambulatory visit. Its primary value lies in integrated, threshold-based clinical interpretation enabled by the simultaneous availability of complementary biomarkers, rather than analytical comparison alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"290-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention Study of Virtual Reality Technology on Sympathetic Nerves and Emotion in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Yaping Zhou, Dongming Lin, Min Zhu, Shuwei Huang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) technology on the sympathetic nervous system and the emotional status in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 102 patients with ACS, who were treated in the department of cardiology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from December 2022 to December 2024, were enrolled into the study. Then, they were randomly divided into a control group (n=50) and an intervention group (n=52) using a random number table. The control group received conventional treatment, while the intervention group underwent virtual reality (VR) therapy combined with conventional treatment. The differences in heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), time-domain indices of heart rate variability (HRV), standard deviation of the normal respiratory rate (RR) intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the average normal-to-normal (NN) [NS1.1] intervals in 5-minute segments of an entire recording (SDANN), root-mean-square of the successive differences of adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD), low frequency(LF)/high frequency (HF) ratio, LF, HF, three catecholamine indicators [norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA)], and psychological status assessed by Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were observed and calculated before and after treatment in both groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The increases in ∆SDNN and ∆SDANN in the intervention group were significantly greater than those in the control group, and the decreases in ∆LF, ∆LF/ HF ratio, ∆NE, ∆SAS and ∆HADS in the intervention group were significantly greater than those in the control group (all <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VR technology can alleviate the hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and improve anxiety in patients with ACS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"319-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence of Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Associated Hematologic and Coagulation Findings in Southern Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Sultan Ziyad, Omayma Bakheet, Sultan Alasmari, Mohammed Makkawi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) among patients evaluated for suspected disease at a tertiary hospital in Southern Saudi Arabia and to evaluate associated hematologic and coagulation findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 70 patients evaluated between 2021 and 2025 at Asir Central Hospital (ACH). Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Diagnosis and classification of MDS were based on peripheral blood smear, bone marrow examination, and available cytogenetic findings according to the current WHO guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed to assess hematologic and coagulation profiles and their association with disease characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 70 patients evaluated for suspected MDS, 22 (31.4%) were diagnosed with MDS. The disease predominantly affected older individuals. Hematological findings demonstrated that cytopenias were the most consistent feature. In particular, anemia was the most prominent finding, followed by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia; notably, there were statistically significant differences observed in key parameters (<i>p</i><0.05). Coagulation abnormalities were evidenced by significant prolongation of prothrombin time (PT) in patients with MDS. Cytogenetic analysis was available for 20 patients. The analysis identified abnormalities in 35.0% of cases; this was most commonly del(5q) and del(20q), contributing to diagnosis and risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MDS represented a substantial proportion of patients evaluated for suspected disease and was characterized by significant multilineage cytopenias and coagulation abnormalities, particularly prolonged PT. Integrated evaluation of hematological, morphological, and cytogenetic findings is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective clinical management. Further large-scale studies are recommended to better define the regional burden of MDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"310-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Xiaoyang Ding, Hongxia Sun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is a very rare salivary gland-type tumor that is often missed by pathologists and may pose significant diagnostic challenges. We report two cases of breast MEC which both presented as breast masses. Core needle biopsies revealed moderately differentiated carcinomas (based on intermediate nuclear atypia) with squamous features and focal intra- and extracellular mucin production. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for CK7, CK5/6, p63, GATA3, and TRPS1. They were negative for SOX10, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Both patients underwent breast-conserving surgery. One patient also received an axillary lymph node excision. Histologic examination of the resected masses showed cystic components lined by squamous cells and occasional mucous cells, whereas the solid areas were predominantly composed of intermediate cells. Molecular testing demonstrated MAML2 gene rearrangement in both tumors, confirming the diagnosis of breast MEC. No adjuvant therapy was administered in either of the patients. Post-operative surveillance over 24 months showed no evidence of locoregional recurrence or distant metastasis. Recognition of this rare entity is important to avoid misdiagnosis and potential overtreatment of breast MEC as conventional triple negative breast carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"344-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Cause of Pneumonia-Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia.","authors":"Xiangqiong Lu, Fang Huang, You Zhang, Daguo Zhao, Jun Wang, Jing Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is a rare respiratory disorder. We are describing its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with ELP were identified by reviewing the hospital medical records between January 2020 and December 2024. Clinical characteristics, disease progression, examination results, treatments, and outcomes were presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three male patients and one female patient were identified (59-78 years old), all with a history of oil exposure. They presented with fever, cough, and expectoration. Laboratory tests revealed elevated neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, as well as decreased lymphocyte counts and normal procalcitonin levels. All patients underwent bronchoscopy. Pathological examination revealed neutrophil infiltration, fat droplets, and lipid-laden macrophages. One patient had a positive chylous test in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In the chest images, four patients had large areas of consolidation; two patients had exudation and heterogeneous density within the consolidation areas, which were identified as fat attenuation zones on the mediastinal window. Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage and glucocorticoids were the key treatments. Three patients developed respiratory distress. Two of these patients required mechanical ventilation and circulatory support. One patient with esophageal cancer died, while the other patients successfully recovered after veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ELP is rare. Affected patients can rapidly progress into respiratory failure. Pulmonary imaging with heterogeneous fat attenuation areas in the mediastinal window can suggest its diagnosis. Identification of lipid droplets and lipid-laden macrophages or having a positive chylous test in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can facilitate its early and rapid diagnosis. ELP treatment requires a comprehensive approach, including bronchoscopic lavage, glucocorticoids, and respiratory and circulatory support.</p>","PeriodicalId":8228,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical and laboratory science","volume":"56 3","pages":"370-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}