Applied Thermal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Investigating ad/desorption kinetics of SAPO-34/graphite filled coatings by T-LTJ for energy-efficient sorption application","authors":"Davide Palamara ,&nbsp;Edoardo Proverbio ,&nbsp;Andrea Frazzica ,&nbsp;Luigi Calabrese","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses the performance of coated heat exchangers in order to favor heat and mass transfer for adsorption-based thermal energy storage and conversion systems. The investigation focused on the kinetic behavior of a novel composite coating composed of a sulfonated polyether ether ketone (S-PEEK) matrix, SAPO-34 zeolite, and exfoliated graphite (EG) as a conductive filler, applied on aluminum heat exchangers. Using the Thermal Large Temperature Jump (T-LTJ) method, a comparative kinetic analysis of a coating with 90 wt% zeolite and 5 wt% graphite filler was performed against a baseline zeolite-only coating under real operating conditions. Results show that EG significantly enhances adsorption kinetics, reducing characteristic times by 21 %–31 % and increasing maximum specific power by 24 %–29 %. This improvement is attributed to enhanced heat transfer due to EG’s thermal conductivity. Desorption kinetics showed marginal improvements, likely due to the inherent efficiency of the zeolite-only coating. The study confirms that even small amounts of EG effectively boost heat transfer and overall coating performance, especially during adsorption. This highlights the potential of EG for optimizing adsorbent coatings in adsorption heat transforming applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128631"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal stratification mechanism analysis of new molten salt storage tank system based on spiral infusion structure","authors":"Bingbing Fan ,&nbsp;Junye Hua ,&nbsp;Gui Li ,&nbsp;Baolian Niu ,&nbsp;Xianan Zeng ,&nbsp;Hai Lan ,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of challenges posed by conventional energy supply and the inherent intermittency of renewable sources, the development of high-performance energy storage technologies has become paramount for balancing energy supply and demand dynamics. This manuscript introduces a novel thermal storage system integrating a spiral folding plate with a stratified tank, where induced spiral molten salt flow enables bidirectional regulation to optimize both thermal stratification and flow characteristics. The study comprehensively evaluates the performance optimization of the spiral folding plate molten salt thermal storage tank through numerical simulations. The helical flow channel design demonstrates dual-regulation advantages: during charging, it suppresses mixing to refine temperature stratification from 3 to 5 distinct layers (deviation &lt;5 %) while maintaining a 1.7 m thermocline stability. During discharging, secondary vortices (diameter ≈1/3 tank radius) actively enhance mixing, reducing the high-temperature zone from 100 % to &lt;5 % within 60 min. Geometric parametric analysis reveals: (1) Increasing height-to-diameter ratio (h/d = 1 → 2.5) enhances helical stability, reducing thermocline thickness by 40 % (with a local temperature difference below 15 K) and improving charge/discharge efficiency by 7.1 %/7.8 %, with h/d≈2.5 tanks achieving 65 % initial discharge energy release; (2) Optimal inclination angle (5°) achieves a 92.5 % discharge efficiency with 3070 s/3030 s charge/discharge times, whereas angles &gt; 30° reduce efficiencies by 1.2 %/3.2 % and induce flow recirculation; (3) Spiral fractions of 10 ∼ 12 maximize performance with a 4.2 % charging efficiency gain and a 35 % flow resistance reduction, while fractions &gt; 20 cause flow resistance surges and thermal anomalies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on improving the low-temperature performance of lithium-ion battery based on electromagnetic induction heating method","authors":"Borui Wang,&nbsp;Qinghua Yu,&nbsp;Yang Han,&nbsp;Fuwu Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aimed to improve the performance degradation of lithium-ion batteries and hence electric vehicles in cold weather, the multi-objective optimization heating strategy based on the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (IMNSGA-Ⅱ) is proposed to achieve a good tradeoff among the heating rate, temperature uniformity and energy consumption of the electromagnetic induction heating method that induces a large amount of eddy current loss inside the battery in order to quickly warm up it through the “electricity-magnetism-electricity-heat” energy conversion, as well as enhanced battery’s operating behavior, thereby improving its low-temperature performance. Firstly, an electrochemical-thermal multiphysics coupling model based on electromagnetic heat is established to depict the battery’s temperature and internal heat generation distribution during the heating process, and the improved ionic concentration distribution inside the battery, usable capacity and power performances after the heating, compared with the existing battery models, the proposed model can accurately characterize the battery’s induction heating performance, internal electromagnetic field and induction heat distributions in the heating process, and analyze the battery voltage output and microscopic electrochemical mass transfer. Secondly, based on the contradictory relation among each temperature-rising evaluation indictor, the heating strategy mentioned above is introduced to optimize the coil parameters, thereby enhancing the induction heating performance. Finally, under the optimal coil parameters, the battery can be heated from −30 ℃ to 20 ℃ within 1030 s, and either usable capacity or power can be recovered to the approximately room-temperature level. Therefore, the proposed heating method has a substantial potential to improve the environmental adaptability of battery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128547"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving the rollover challenges in liquefied natural gas storage: A review from mechanism studies to advanced predictive approaches","authors":"Haoze Li ,&nbsp;Han Chen ,&nbsp;Ye Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongqi Zuo ,&nbsp;Hongpu Wang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wu ,&nbsp;Guang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review focuses on state-of-the-art advances in the theory and modeling of thermal stratification and rollover phenomena, which are crucial for the safety and efficiency of cryogenic storage systems, particularly those used for liquefied natural gas storage. Thermal stratification occurs due to temperature and density gradients in the storage tank, while rollover is a sudden and potentially hazardous mixing event triggered by the destabilization of the stratified liquid-liquid layers. The driving mechanisms for stratification and rollover are examined, highlighting key thermodynamic and fluid dynamic principles that govern these phenomena. Advances in numerical simulations are reviewed, with an emphasis on computational fluid dynamics models and their integration with real-time monitoring systems for enhanced accuracy. Recent experimental techniques are also discussed, with a focus on scaled tank experiments and advanced visualization techniques, in the temperature range from a few Kelvins to room temperature. Emerging challenges are summarized and analyzed, including the influence of variable fluid composition, dynamic operating conditions, and the complexity of industrial-scale applications. The review concludes by outlining future research directions, advocating the urgent need for improved theoretical models incorporating machine learning techniques, the establishment of more comprehensive experimental databases, and the implementation of robust safety protocols. This study provides comprehensive guidance for the efficient storage of other cryogenic fluids, such as hydrogen and liquid air, as well as innovative storage systems, including large-scale LNG ships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128551"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal performance of a cross-flow plate heat exchanger with rectangular finned channels","authors":"Andrzej Jedlikowski,&nbsp;Paulina Kanaś,&nbsp;Sergey Anisimov","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents the construction and principle of operation of a cross-flow plate-fin heat exchanger. The two main types of matrix used in the recuperative device (for flat channels and with rectangular fins) are characterized in detail. The mathematical equations of the balances for the course of the heat and mass transfer process inside the flat channels and with the rectangular fins of the cross-flow heat exchanger were formulated. An original mathematical model of heat and mass transfer processes for a recuperative device was developed. A computer program was written using the Pascal programming environment. The program was used to conduct preliminary numerical simulations under the assumption of an 18-minute operation of the heat recovery unit. The nature of heat and mass transfer processes under condensation conditions is revealed. Three main areas of active heat and mass transfer (‘<em>dry</em>’, ‘<em>wet</em>’, and ‘<em>frost</em>’) and the limits of their formation have been identified. As the device was operated for a longer period of time, an increase in the area designated as the ‘<em>frost</em>’ zone was observed, from 11.9% to 15.6%. This was accompanied by a reduction in the area designated as the ‘<em>wet</em>’ zone, which decreased from 38.4% to 35.3%. The significant effect of frost layers on the airflow velocity inside the heat exchanger matrix was confirmed. The results demonstrated that the presence of a ‘<em>wet</em>’ area or a combined ‘<em>wet</em>’ and ‘<em>dry</em>’ area did not significantly impact the distribution of return airflow velocities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128368"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on a two-stage humidification-dehumidification desalination system powered by the waste heat of vessel diesel engine","authors":"Wenting Zhu,&nbsp;Jiubing Shen,&nbsp;Xiyuan Li,&nbsp;Jindong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine vessels are the vital goods transportation means to facilitate the international trade. In order to improve the energy efficiency and ensure the freshwater supply for crews, a humidification-dehumidification desalination system powered by the waste heat of vessel diesel engine is proposed in this paper. Performance improving methods of two-stage humidification, dual heat source, cascade energy utilization together with simultaneous heating of air and seawater are used to address the space limitation for vessel application. Problems of scaling and corrosion are also considered. With the established and verified thermodynamic and economic models, influence of the water-to-air mass ratio, temperature and mass flow of feed seawater, plant life expectancy as well as the cost of electricity are analyzed and a performance comparison is carried out with the reported data. According to the results, mass flow of the feed seawater should be designed appropriately to use the waste heat effectively. Considering the thermal and economic performance, the water-to-air mass ratio is suggested to be 1.2 and temperature of the feed seawater is better to be lower than 20 °C. The decrease rate in unit freshwater production cost begins to diminish after the plant life expectancy exceeds 15 years. Under the condition that the feed seawater mass flow is 3000 kg/h with a temperature of 12°C and the water-to-air mass ratio is 1.2, recovery ratio of the proposed system is as high as 8.08 and the gained output ratio reaches 1.22. The corresponding unit freshwater production cost is only 2.59 $/m³ at an electricity price of 0.13 $/kWh, much superior to the reported values. Therefore, the proposed system could be a good option for the freshwater supply in marine vessels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128546"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving spent nuclear fuel vacuum drying efficiency via pump modulation at the liquid–vapor phase transition","authors":"Ji Hwan Lim ,&nbsp;Kyoung-Sik Bang ,&nbsp;Seung-Hwan Yu ,&nbsp;Kyung-Wook Shin ,&nbsp;Nam-Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Gyung-sun Chae","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores advanced vacuum drying strategies for spent nuclear fuel, focusing on thermodynamic optimization through precise pump modulation at phase transition boundaries. Utilizing a high-capacity vacuum pump within a 98-liter canister, the research underscores the critical role of dynamic pump performance in enhancing drying efficiency. A salient finding is the elevated average evaporation rate of 33.703 mg/s achieved by fine-tuning pump flow from 400 L/min near 10 torr to below 5 torr before finally setting at 100 L/min—surpassing direct transitions to 100 L/min. This demonstrates the potential for further optimization by exploiting sub-10 torr pressures, thus mitigating ice formation risks and boosting efficiency through targeted modulation. Comparative analysis illustrates improvements up to 3.486-fold when employing dual pump transitions, highlighting the transformative potential of adaptive pumping. Results confirm that strategic modulation fosters robust moisture removal, ensuring complete drying with pressures below three torr for 30 min, marking a significant advancement in nuclear fuel storage methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128628"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiphysics modeling and heat transfer enhancement of underwater vehicle thermal engines","authors":"Guohui Wang ,&nbsp;Weinan Gao ,&nbsp;Jingtao Lei ,&nbsp;Yanan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal engines are essential energy storage components in underwater vehicles that harvest ocean thermal energy. However, most existing studies rely on simplified heat transfer models and fail to capture complex multiphysics interactions. This study develops a comprehensive numerical approach that tracks phase change dynamics, buoyancy-driven convection, and flexible hose deformation simultaneously. To overcome convergence difficulties in large-scale simulations, we developed a physics-constrained gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network with temporal correction to predict liquid fraction evolution, which can scale results from small-scale simulations (100–250 mm) to full-size prototypes (1100 mm). Experimental validation demonstrates excellent agreement with predictions, achieving a root mean square error of 0.0516 for liquid fraction. Using this validated framework, we investigated how radial fins enhance heat transfer. Results indicate that radial fins reduce the melting time of phase change material (PCM) by 29.4 %, with a 17.6 % improvement in heat transfer area and a 14.3 % enhancement in convection. Among different fin orientations, horizontal fins (0°) are the most efficient of all the fin orientations. They cut melting time by 22 % at a 95 % liquid fraction compared to the -45° orientation. For T-shaped fins, extending the vertical bar from 1 mm to 16 mm results in just an 8–13 % decrease in melting time, even though the volume increases by 16 times, indicating considerable diminishing returns. This paper offers theoretical insights and practical directions for the design of thermal engines in ocean energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128622"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-directional synergistic effects of air-cooling and liquid-cooling on the thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Lele Li ,&nbsp;Peizhao Lyu ,&nbsp;Xianjie Han ,&nbsp;Menghan Li ,&nbsp;Zhonghao Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal runaway (TR) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remains a critical bottleneck hindering their widespread adoption. Investigating and mitigating TR propagation (TRP) is essential for ensuring the safety of electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (EESs). This study conducted a numerical investigation on the synergistic effects of combined air–liquid cooling systems. A three-dimensional TRP model was established to systematically analyze the impact of standalone air-cooling, standalone liquid-cooling, and the coupled interaction of both cooling methods on TRP under different flow direction configurations. Simulation results indicate that air-cooling exhibits a superior inhibitory effect on batteries in a thermal runaway state, while liquid-cooling demonstrates better performance in inhibiting the propagation of thermal runaway. Additionally, the influences of the flow direction configurations for air–liquid cooling are relatively small. Although the overall cooling effect of air–liquid co-cooling is better than that of a single cooling method, the incremental temperature reduction from co-cooling is smaller than the simple superposition of individual air-cooling and liquid-cooling effects. Notably, compared with air-cooling, liquid-cooling shows a stronger capability in suppressing TRP. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for optimizing cooling system design and balancing heat dissipation efficiency with safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128629"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance enhancement of a dual-purpose ejector system for integrated cooling and desalination applications","authors":"Chander Veer ,&nbsp;Anoop S.L. ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar R. ,&nbsp;Hardik Kothadia","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.128541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work addresses the need for sustainable solutions that simultaneously provide cooling and freshwater, particularly for off-grid and water-stressed regions. A dual-purpose ejector-based system integrating refrigeration and desalination is proposed, designed to operate on low-grade waste heat or renewable energy. The novelty of this study lies in establishing a comprehensive design framework that couples subsystem performance with the underlying ejector flow physics, going beyond earlier works that considered these applications separately. The methodology combines analytical system modeling with detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate ejector performance under varying geometric and operating parameters, followed by integrated system-level analyses. CFD results show that ejector entrainment behavior depends strongly on diameter ratio and primary pressure. Entrainment ratio increases and then decreases with diameter ratio, with an optimum of 2.25, while primary pressure exhibits a similar trend with an optimum at 5 bar. The physical mechanisms behind these trends were identified through shock structure and mixing field visualizations. Subsystem-level results reveal that desalination performance depends primarily on primary jet pressure, with distillate production improving by 65% (45.37 <span><math><mo>→</mo></math></span> 71.20 g/s) as pressure increases, while specific energy consumption decreases from 16.32 to 10.78 kWh. In contrast, refrigeration performance depends on primary pressure, secondary pressure, and discharge pressure, achieving a maximum cooling capacity of 9.36 kW and a peak Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 0.21 under optimal conditions. Importantly, the integrated system exhibits strong thermal synergy, with overall COP remaining stable between 3.02 and 3.18 despite variations in individual subsystems. These findings confirm that ejector-based integration of refrigeration and desalination is both feasible and efficient, providing a stable, low-grade energy-driven solution for combined cooling and freshwater generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8201,"journal":{"name":"Applied Thermal Engineering","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 128541"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}