IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13473

Jing Kong, Juan Yang, Cong He, Bingduo Zhou, Shengquan Fang, Manisha Salinas, Arya B. Mohabbat, Brent A. Bauer, Xiaosu Wang

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and characteristics of 11 potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes in asymptomatic individuals in Norway, 2015–2020 2015-2020 年挪威无症状人群中 11 种潜在致腹泻微生物的流行率和特征。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13478

Einar Tollaksen Weme, Lin Thorstensen Brandal, Pål Arne Jenum, Astrid Louise Wester, Fredrik Müller

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of 11 potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes in asymptomatic individuals in Norway, 2015–2020","authors":"Einar Tollaksen Weme, Lin Thorstensen Brandal, Pål Arne Jenum, Astrid Louise Wester, Fredrik Müller","doi":"10.1111/apm.13478","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13478","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to estimate the prevalence of potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes (PDMs) in faecal samples from asymptomatic individuals in a high-income country, identify risk factors for carriage and to identify microbial factors that differ between PDMs in asymptomatic versus symptomatic individuals. Samples from 1000 asymptomatic participants were collected, together with a questionnaire, between 2015 and 2020 and examined by PCR for 11 PDMs. Isolates were characterised and potential risk factors were registered. Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and Campylobacter spp. were found in 163 (16%), 20 (2.0%), 17 (1.7%), 12 (1.2%) and 11 (1.1%) asymptomatic individuals, respectively. Other PDMs were rare. Only low virulent STEC, with stx1c, stx2b or stx2f, was detected. Travels outside Europe was a significant risk factor for detecting Campylobacter spp. (odds ratio (OR) 6.99; 95% CI 1.12–43.6) and ETEC (OR 11.4; 95% CI 1.26–102). Individuals ≥65 years of age had lower odds of carrying STEC (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.57) or EPEC (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.05–0.16) than individuals ≤5 years of age. The common finding of PDMs in asymptomatic individuals could have implications for the interpretation of positive findings in clinical samples and infection control measures.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"797-806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection and characterization of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 in the Central African Republic 中非共和国艾滋病毒-1 O 组和艾滋病毒-2 的检测和特征描述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13474

Sandrine Moussa, Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Fabienne Tombette, Alexandre Manirakiza, Yap Boum II, Guy Vernet, Richard Njouom, Laurent Belec, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Anfumbom Kfutwah

{"title":"Detection and characterization of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 in the Central African Republic","authors":"Sandrine Moussa, Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Fabienne Tombette, Alexandre Manirakiza, Yap Boum II, Guy Vernet, Richard Njouom, Laurent Belec, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Anfumbom Kfutwah","doi":"10.1111/apm.13474","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13474","url":null,"abstract":"The Central African Republic (CAR) is characterized by widespread HIV epidemic with notable prevalence and genetic diversity. We herein analysed the genetic diversity of atypical non-M HIV-1 strains. In-house serotyping assays for variants of HIV-1 (M, N, O, P) and HIV-2 were used to test a biological collection of 6092 HIV-seropositive blood samples collected between 2003 and 2014 at the Institut Pasteur de Bangui. Samples indicative of recombinant M/O groups, HIV-2, or those that yield doubtful/negative results underwent further PCR tests and sequencing. We found six atypical HIV strains: specifically, three (0.05%) HIV-1 group O strains (subtype H) detected in samples from 2005, 2008 and 2009, alongside three (0.05%) HIV-2 strains (two group A and one group B) identified in samples from 2007 and 2009. HIV-1/O strains showed a genetic link to Cameroon and Gabon strains. This study highlights the dominance of HIV-1/M in the CAR's HIV epidemic over time and underscores the infrequent occurrence of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 strains. These findings validate the efficacy of WHO-recommended HIV testing protocols and emphasize the need for adaptive surveillance and management strategies to confront the complexities introduced by the genetic diversity of HIV strains.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"824-831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bone and joint pathogens using isothermal microcalorimetry 利用等温微量热仪检测骨与关节病原体的抗菌药敏感性

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13470

Mads H. Christensen, Tim H. Jakobsen, Mads Lichtenberg, Frederik B. Hertz, Benny Dahl, Thomas Bjarnsholt

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bone and joint pathogens using isothermal microcalorimetry","authors":"Mads H. Christensen, Tim H. Jakobsen, Mads Lichtenberg, Frederik B. Hertz, Benny Dahl, Thomas Bjarnsholt","doi":"10.1111/apm.13470","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13470","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in osteomyelitis and periprosthetic joint infections, in combination with increasing life expectancy and the prevalence of diabetes, underscores the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Conventional culture-based methods are often time-consuming and prone to false-negatives, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic treatments. This study aims to improve osteomyelitis diagnostics by decreasing the time to detection and the time to an antibiotic susceptibility result to enable a targeted treatment using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC). IMC measures heat flow in real-time, providing insights into bacterial metabolism without the need for labeling. Using clinical isolates from bone infections, assessing their response to antibiotics through IMC, we demonstrated that IMC could detect bacteria within 4 h and determine antimicrobial susceptibility profiles within 2–22 h (median 4.85, range 1.28–21.78). This is significantly faster than traditional methods. A decision tree, based on antibiotic susceptibility, accurately categorized pathogens, achieving high accuracy (74–100%), sensitivity (100%), and specificity (65–100%). These findings suggest that IMC could redefine diagnostics of bone and joint infections and potentially infections in general, offering timely and precise treatment guidance, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing health care burdens. Further optimization and clinical validation are needed to fully integrate IMC into routine diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"814-823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin – an in vitro study 探索富含白细胞和血小板的纤维蛋白的抗菌潜力--体外研究

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13468

António Melo-Ferraz, Paulo Miller, Maria Begoña Criado, Maria Céu Monteiro, Cristina Coelho

{"title":"Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin – an in vitro study","authors":"António Melo-Ferraz, Paulo Miller, Maria Begoña Criado, Maria Céu Monteiro, Cristina Coelho","doi":"10.1111/apm.13468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13468","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the antimicrobial properties of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). Infections can hinder wound healing posing challenges. L-PRF's potential for regeneration and antimicrobial action has been studied. Considering the increasing concern about antibiotic resistance, assessing the antimicrobial properties of L-PRF provides valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic agent in postoperative infections. Twenty volunteers were enrolled in the study, following ethical guidelines, and obtaining informed consent. Blood samples were collected and L-PRF was prepared. Microbial suspensions were prepared, and susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method. The study revealed significant heterogeneity in the susceptibility to L-PRF. All L-PRF membrane samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zones of 13 mm ± 3.85 SD. Enterococcus faecalis displayed inhibition diameter of 7.25 mm ± 5.15 SD. Candida albicans susceptibility to L-PRF varied among samples, with both inhibitory and non-inhibitory results. Results showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity, particularly against P. aeruginosa, and highlight the complexity of the L-PRF-microorganism interaction. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the clinical implications and optimize the use of L-PRF.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"859-868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The infectious capacity of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus in a porcine model of urinary tract infection 粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血性葡萄球菌在猪尿路感染模型中的感染能力

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13469

Kristian Stærk, Christoffer Vogsen Heidtmann, Janni Søvsø Hjelmager, Jesper Dupont Ewald, Carsten Uhd Nielsen, Poul Nielsen, Thomas Emil Andersen

{"title":"The infectious capacity of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus in a porcine model of urinary tract infection","authors":"Kristian Stærk, Christoffer Vogsen Heidtmann, Janni Søvsø Hjelmager, Jesper Dupont Ewald, Carsten Uhd Nielsen, Poul Nielsen, Thomas Emil Andersen","doi":"10.1111/apm.13469","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13469","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to establish a porcine model of urinary tract infection (UTI) with gram-positive uropathogens. Ten female domestic pigs were experimentally inoculated with human UTI isolates of Enterococcus faecalis (n = 3), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (n = 3), or Staphylococcus aureus (n = 4) and followed with regular urine samples. Bladders and kidneys were aseptically removed at termination (5–7 days post infection) and assessed by gross pathology and bacterial enumeration. Enterococcus faecalis (n = 3 of 3) and S. aureus (n = 2 of 4) successfully colonized the pig bladders. Inoculation with S. saprophyticus never resulted in detectable bacteriuria. All infected pigs had cleared the infection spontaneously before termination. Surprisingly, three (of four) pigs inoculated with S. aureus led to spontaneous infection with opportunistic pathogens. Also, one pig colonized with E. faecalis resulted in spontaneous infection with E. coli. In conlusion, the pig supports experimental UTI with E. faecalis for up to 24 h but not prolonged infection. S. aureus and S. saprophyticus fails to cause UTI in pigs and other animals should be considered for studying these pathogens.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"807-813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microenvironmental host–microbe interactions in chronic inflammatory skin diseases 慢性炎症性皮肤病中宿主与微生物之间的微环境相互作用

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13464

Lene Bay, Gregor Borut Jemec, Hans Christian Ring

引用次数: 0

The impact of preoperative treatments on the immune environment of rectal cancer 术前治疗对直肠癌免疫环境的影响

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13467

Erkki-Ville Wirta, Hanna Elomaa, Maarit Ahtiainen, Marja Hyöty, Toni T. Seppälä, Teijo Kuopio, Jan Böhm, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Juha P. Väyrynen

{"title":"The impact of preoperative treatments on the immune environment of rectal cancer","authors":"Erkki-Ville Wirta, Hanna Elomaa, Maarit Ahtiainen, Marja Hyöty, Toni T. Seppälä, Teijo Kuopio, Jan Böhm, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Juha P. Väyrynen","doi":"10.1111/apm.13467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13467","url":null,"abstract":"To improve local disease control, the use of preoperative radiotherapy either alone or combined with chemotherapy has become standard practice in rectal cancer, but it is unclear how these treatments modify the antitumoral immune response. We aimed to evaluate tumor histopathologic features and the prognostic effect of host immune response in rectal cancer with variable treatment modalities. Ninety-five rectal cancers with short-course radiotherapy (SRT), 97 with long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and 154 without preoperative treatments, were evaluated for histopathologic features including Crohn's-like reaction (CLR). CD3+ and CD8+ immunohistochemistry and tumor cells were analyzed from tumor tissue microarray samples to calculate T-cell densities and G-cross function values to estimate cancer cell–T-cell co-localization (proximity score). We found that lymphocyte densities were diminished after SRT, but CLR was scarcer after CRT. Proximity score and CLR density were prognostic for survival in cancer without preoperative treatments and could be combined into an enhanced prognostic score (immune grade). In the irradiated tumors, CLR density remained prognostic while the impact of T-cell infiltration was insufficient alone. In multivariable analysis, the immune grade proved to be an independent prognostic factor for survival. In conclusion, the immune contexture of rectal cancer harbors prognostic significance even after preoperative radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 12","pages":"1046-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biofilm mediated integrin activation and directing acceleration of colorectal cancer 生物膜介导的整合素激活与结直肠癌的加速发展。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13466

Vaijayanthi Saravanan, Vinoj Gopalakrishnan, Maria Infant Majula Shifani Mahendran, Rajan Vaithianathan, Sowmya Srinivasan, Vinoth Boopathy, SriKrishna Krishnamurthy

{"title":"Biofilm mediated integrin activation and directing acceleration of colorectal cancer","authors":"Vaijayanthi Saravanan, Vinoj Gopalakrishnan, Maria Infant Majula Shifani Mahendran, Rajan Vaithianathan, Sowmya Srinivasan, Vinoth Boopathy, SriKrishna Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1111/apm.13466","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13466","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial biofilm plays a vital role in influencing several diseases, infections, metabolic pathways and communication channels. Biofilm influence over colorectal cancer (CRC) has been a booming area of research interest. The virulence factors of bacterial pathogen have a high tendency to induce metabolic pathway to accelerate CRC. The bacterial species biofilm may induce cancer through regulating the major signalling pathways responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and growth. Activation of cancer signals may get initiated from the chronic infections through bacterial biofilm species. Integrin mediates in the activation of major pathway promoting cancer. Integrin-mediated signals are expected to be greatly influenced by biofilm. Integrins are identified as an important dimer, whose dysfunction may alter the signalling cascade specially focusing on TGF-β, PI3K/Akt/mToR, MAPK and Wnt pathway. Along with biofilm shield, the tumour gains greater resistance from radiation, chemotherapy and also from other antibiotics. The biofilm barrier is known to cause challenges for CRC patients undergoing treatment.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 10","pages":"688-705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation with anti-Oma87 antibodies of cytotoxicity, adherence, and internalization of Acinetobacter baumannii in human cervical carcinoma epithelial cells 用抗 Oma87 抗体调节鲍曼不动杆菌在人宫颈癌上皮细胞中的细胞毒性、黏附性和内化。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13465

Zahra Panji, Mohammadreza Jalali Nadoushan, Zahra Fekrirad, Iraj Rasooli

{"title":"Modulation with anti-Oma87 antibodies of cytotoxicity, adherence, and internalization of Acinetobacter baumannii in human cervical carcinoma epithelial cells","authors":"Zahra Panji, Mohammadreza Jalali Nadoushan, Zahra Fekrirad, Iraj Rasooli","doi":"10.1111/apm.13465","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13465","url":null,"abstract":"BamA, an Omp85 superfamily member, is universally conserved and essential for cell viability. Using anti-Oma87 antibodies, we focus on understanding the effect of Oma87 of Acinetobacter baumannii on pathogenicity. Oma87 was expressed, purified, and used to induce anti-Oma87 antibodies in BALB/c mice. Acute toxicity of the protein was evaluated in mice. HeLa cells were infected with both live and killed A. baumannii 19606 and a clinical isolate. The effects of anti-Oma87 sera on A. baumannii adherence, internalization, and proliferation in HeLa cells were studied. The roles of microfilaments and microtubules in A. baumannii invasion were demonstrated by Actin disruption. Reduced bacterial population and biofilm formation were noted. The ability of A. baumannii to provoke autophagy through Oma87 induction leads to incomplete autophagy and potentially facilitates bacterial replication. Actin-mediated uptake, attachment, and invasion demonstrated A. baumannii survival and multiplication within vacuoles in the host cell. The findings underscore the potential of Oma87 as a therapeutic intervention target in infections caused by A. baumannii. This comprehensive analysis contributes valuable information for understanding the virulence mechanisms of A. baumannii, potentially guiding future strategies to combat infections caused by this pathogen.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"843-858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142118862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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