IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13479

Samad Farashi Bonab, Saeed Tahmasebi, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Solat Eslami

{"title":"Preventive impact of probiotic supplements on heart injury and inflammatory indices in a rat model of myocardial infarction: histopathological and gene expression evaluation","authors":"Samad Farashi Bonab, Saeed Tahmasebi, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Solat Eslami","doi":"10.1111/apm.13479","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13479","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is a bulk of evidence on the favorable effect of probiotics on the cardiac system, their role in the management of myocardial infarction is not clear. Three viable probiotic bacterial strains, namely Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium lactis, were gavaged to the rats daily for 28 days prior to the induction of myocardial injury. Myocardial injury was induced by the use of isoproterenol (ISO) in the probiotics, control and sham groups. The heart tissues were catheterized to evaluate the histopathological parameters and measure the expression of genes related to inflammation. Treatment with ISO caused subendocardial necrosis and rupture of cardiac myofibrils. Pretreatment with probiotics reduced the size of myocardial infarction caused by ISO. Also, in the probiotic group, a relative decrease in the amount of tissue fibrosis and rupture of cardiomyocytes fibers was seen. Pretreatment with probiotics partially ameliorated myocardial necrosis, edema and leukocyte infiltration. Also, a remarkable decrease was detected in the expression of tissue proinflammatory genes in the pretreated group with probiotics. Thus, viable probiotic supplementation may ameliorate or prevent cardiac injury. Additional preclinical and clinical studies are required to clarify the impact of probiotics in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Örjan Ouchterlony and the antigen–antibody double diffusion-in-gel: a survey Örjan Ouchterlony 和抗原抗体凝胶双重扩散：一项调查。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13480

Niels Høiby

引用次数: 0

An automated commercial open access assay for detection of Mycoplasma genitalium macrolide resistance 用于检测生殖器支原体对大环内酯类药物耐药性的自动商业开放式测定法。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13477

Ylva Lindroth, Lucia Hansson, Ola Forslund

{"title":"An automated commercial open access assay for detection of Mycoplasma genitalium macrolide resistance","authors":"Ylva Lindroth, Lucia Hansson, Ola Forslund","doi":"10.1111/apm.13477","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13477","url":null,"abstract":"Azithromycin, a macrolide antibioticum, is the first-line treatment for Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), but resistant MG is an increasing problem. Macrolide resistance-mediated mutations (MRM) has been linked to point mutations in region V of the MG 23S rRNA gene. We have evaluated an open access analyzer (Panther Fusion, Hologic Inc) for detectability of MRM (mutations A2071G and A2072G) and MG wild type (WT) in clinical samples. Also, the agreement of the Panther Fusion assay results with a corresponding established In-house MRM-WT PCR (ABI 7500) was calculated. Left over material from 55 clinical samples positive for MG by the Aptima test (Hologic) based on transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), collected from January to February 2023 in Region Skåne, Sweden, was analyzed. Specific amplification curves were generated for positive controls of MG mutations (A2071G and A2072G) and WT by the Panther Fusion assay. The limit of detection (LOD) was 5.3 copies/mL for WT, 8.1 copies/mL for mutation A2071G, and 81 copies/mL for mutation A2072G. The overall concordance was 91% between the Panther Fusion and the In-house PCR (Kappa 0.621, 95% CI; 0.327–0.914) for detection of WT or MRM in MG-positive clinical samples. The Panther Fusion detected MRM in 20% (11/55) and WT in 62% (34/55) of the samples. The corresponding In-house PCR results were 25% (14/55) and 65% (36/55). In summary, the Panther Fusion assay demonstrated detection of low copy number of MRM and WT of MG. Among clinical samples substantial agreement between the Panther Fusion and In-house PCR results was observed. Integrating MG-analysis (TMA) and MRM-WT assay on the Panther platform could make MRM testing more readily available. However, the Panther Fusion had a lower success rate (82% vs 90%) for macrolide susceptibility testing, hence testing with a complementary method should be considered for samples where neither WT nor MRM MG are detectable.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimated incidence of symptomatic Lyme borreliosis cases in five southern coastal counties in Norway, 2022 2022 年挪威南部沿海五县无症状莱姆包虫病的估计发病率。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13475

Emily Colby, Tor Molden, Julia Olsen, Patrick Kelly, Andreas Pilz, Kate Halsby, Gordon Brestrich, Frederick J. Angulo, Jennifer C. Moïsi, James H. Stark

{"title":"Estimated incidence of symptomatic Lyme borreliosis cases in five southern coastal counties in Norway, 2022","authors":"Emily Colby, Tor Molden, Julia Olsen, Patrick Kelly, Andreas Pilz, Kate Halsby, Gordon Brestrich, Frederick J. Angulo, Jennifer C. Moïsi, James H. Stark","doi":"10.1111/apm.13475","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13475","url":null,"abstract":"Lyme borreliosis (LB), the most common tick-borne disease in Europe, is endemic to southern coastal Norway. LB commonly presents as erythema migrans, which can disseminate, resulting in more severe disease such as Lyme neuroborreliosis or arthritis. In Norway, public health LB surveillance is conducted via mandatory reporting of laboratory-confirmed disseminated cases. From 2012 to 2022, Norway's surveillance-reported incidence of laboratory-confirmed disseminated LB increased by 78%. Although surveillance provides estimates of the incidence of disseminated LB, this study sought to estimate the incidence of symptomatic LB to better understand Norway's LB disease burden. Two studies were identified that, when combined, estimated an LB seroprevalence of 6.8% in the general adult population in southern Norway. Utilizing data from these seroprevalence studies, public health surveillance, and results from literature searches indicating that 37% of seroconverted LB cases are symptomatic and that the duration of LB antibody detection ranges from 10 to 20 years, we estimated that there were 315–630 symptomatic LB cases per 100,000 adult population in five southern coastal counties in Norway in 2022 and 24–48 cases of symptomatic LB for every public health surveillance-reported LB case in adults in these five counties in Norway.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"832-842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib vs best available therapy for polycythemia vera: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Ruxolitinib与现有最佳疗法治疗多发性红细胞增多症的疗效和安全性对比：最新系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13472

M. Meritxell Roca Mora, Farhan Afzal, Catharina Ribeiro Guimaraes, Luisa Marin Cunha, Amanda Godoi, Patrícia Marcolin, Andrés Valenzuela S

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib vs best available therapy for polycythemia vera: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"M. Meritxell Roca Mora, Farhan Afzal, Catharina Ribeiro Guimaraes, Luisa Marin Cunha, Amanda Godoi, Patrícia Marcolin, Andrés Valenzuela S","doi":"10.1111/apm.13472","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13472","url":null,"abstract":"Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, has been shown to have lower thromboembolism rates compared to placebo in polycythemia vera (PV) patients. This meta-analysis evaluates ruxolitinib's efficacy and safety against best available therapy (BAT) in patients with PV and in hydroxyurea-resistant/intolerant PV patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to November 2023. We compared ruxolitinib and BAT for efficacy and safety endpoints. Six studies involving 1061 patients were analyzed, with 620 on BAT and 441 on ruxolitinib. Ruxolitinib showed higher hematocrit control (p = 0.015) and treatment response (p = 0.04) compared to BAT. It also significantly improved Myeloproliferative Neoplasms-Symptom Assessment Form scores (MPN-SAF) (p < 0.01). Additionally, patients with PV treated with ruxolitinib had higher rates of nonmelanoma skin cancer (p < 0.01). In subgroup analyses focusing on patients resistant or intolerant to hydroxyurea, ruxolitinib maintained its efficacy, significantly improving treatment response (p < 0.01) and significant improvements in MPN-SAF (p = 0.02) score when compared to BAT. The safety profile was consistent with the overall analyses, showing significantly reduced thromboembolism rates (p = 0.04), increased rates of anemia (p = 0.01), and increased herpes zoster infections (p = 0.02). Ruxolitinib outperforms BAT in PV and patients with PV-resistant or intolerant to hydroxyurea, offering better hematocrit control and reducing symptomatic burden and thromboembolism risk. Yet, it is associated with higher rates of anemia, herpes infection, and skin cancer.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"775-786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of endotoxemia through the gut microbiota: The role of the Mediterranean diet and its components 通过肠道微生物群调节内毒素血症：地中海饮食及其成分的作用。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13473

Jing Kong, Juan Yang, Cong He, Bingduo Zhou, Shengquan Fang, Manisha Salinas, Arya B. Mohabbat, Brent A. Bauer, Xiaosu Wang

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and characteristics of 11 potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes in asymptomatic individuals in Norway, 2015–2020 2015-2020 年挪威无症状人群中 11 种潜在致腹泻微生物的流行率和特征。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13478

Einar Tollaksen Weme, Lin Thorstensen Brandal, Pål Arne Jenum, Astrid Louise Wester, Fredrik Müller

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of 11 potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes in asymptomatic individuals in Norway, 2015–2020","authors":"Einar Tollaksen Weme, Lin Thorstensen Brandal, Pål Arne Jenum, Astrid Louise Wester, Fredrik Müller","doi":"10.1111/apm.13478","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13478","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to estimate the prevalence of potentially diarrhoeagenic microbes (PDMs) in faecal samples from asymptomatic individuals in a high-income country, identify risk factors for carriage and to identify microbial factors that differ between PDMs in asymptomatic versus symptomatic individuals. Samples from 1000 asymptomatic participants were collected, together with a questionnaire, between 2015 and 2020 and examined by PCR for 11 PDMs. Isolates were characterised and potential risk factors were registered. Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and Campylobacter spp. were found in 163 (16%), 20 (2.0%), 17 (1.7%), 12 (1.2%) and 11 (1.1%) asymptomatic individuals, respectively. Other PDMs were rare. Only low virulent STEC, with stx1c, stx2b or stx2f, was detected. Travels outside Europe was a significant risk factor for detecting Campylobacter spp. (odds ratio (OR) 6.99; 95% CI 1.12–43.6) and ETEC (OR 11.4; 95% CI 1.26–102). Individuals ≥65 years of age had lower odds of carrying STEC (OR 0.11; 95% CI 0.02–0.57) or EPEC (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.05–0.16) than individuals ≤5 years of age. The common finding of PDMs in asymptomatic individuals could have implications for the interpretation of positive findings in clinical samples and infection control measures.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"797-806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection and characterization of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 in the Central African Republic 中非共和国艾滋病毒-1 O 组和艾滋病毒-2 的检测和特征描述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13474

Sandrine Moussa, Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Fabienne Tombette, Alexandre Manirakiza, Yap Boum II, Guy Vernet, Richard Njouom, Laurent Belec, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Anfumbom Kfutwah

{"title":"Detection and characterization of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 in the Central African Republic","authors":"Sandrine Moussa, Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Fabienne Tombette, Alexandre Manirakiza, Yap Boum II, Guy Vernet, Richard Njouom, Laurent Belec, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Anfumbom Kfutwah","doi":"10.1111/apm.13474","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13474","url":null,"abstract":"The Central African Republic (CAR) is characterized by widespread HIV epidemic with notable prevalence and genetic diversity. We herein analysed the genetic diversity of atypical non-M HIV-1 strains. In-house serotyping assays for variants of HIV-1 (M, N, O, P) and HIV-2 were used to test a biological collection of 6092 HIV-seropositive blood samples collected between 2003 and 2014 at the Institut Pasteur de Bangui. Samples indicative of recombinant M/O groups, HIV-2, or those that yield doubtful/negative results underwent further PCR tests and sequencing. We found six atypical HIV strains: specifically, three (0.05%) HIV-1 group O strains (subtype H) detected in samples from 2005, 2008 and 2009, alongside three (0.05%) HIV-2 strains (two group A and one group B) identified in samples from 2007 and 2009. HIV-1/O strains showed a genetic link to Cameroon and Gabon strains. This study highlights the dominance of HIV-1/M in the CAR's HIV epidemic over time and underscores the infrequent occurrence of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 strains. These findings validate the efficacy of WHO-recommended HIV testing protocols and emphasize the need for adaptive surveillance and management strategies to confront the complexities introduced by the genetic diversity of HIV strains.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"824-831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bone and joint pathogens using isothermal microcalorimetry 利用等温微量热仪检测骨与关节病原体的抗菌药敏感性

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13470

Mads H. Christensen, Tim H. Jakobsen, Mads Lichtenberg, Frederik B. Hertz, Benny Dahl, Thomas Bjarnsholt

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bone and joint pathogens using isothermal microcalorimetry","authors":"Mads H. Christensen, Tim H. Jakobsen, Mads Lichtenberg, Frederik B. Hertz, Benny Dahl, Thomas Bjarnsholt","doi":"10.1111/apm.13470","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13470","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in osteomyelitis and periprosthetic joint infections, in combination with increasing life expectancy and the prevalence of diabetes, underscores the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Conventional culture-based methods are often time-consuming and prone to false-negatives, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic treatments. This study aims to improve osteomyelitis diagnostics by decreasing the time to detection and the time to an antibiotic susceptibility result to enable a targeted treatment using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC). IMC measures heat flow in real-time, providing insights into bacterial metabolism without the need for labeling. Using clinical isolates from bone infections, assessing their response to antibiotics through IMC, we demonstrated that IMC could detect bacteria within 4 h and determine antimicrobial susceptibility profiles within 2–22 h (median 4.85, range 1.28–21.78). This is significantly faster than traditional methods. A decision tree, based on antibiotic susceptibility, accurately categorized pathogens, achieving high accuracy (74–100%), sensitivity (100%), and specificity (65–100%). These findings suggest that IMC could redefine diagnostics of bone and joint infections and potentially infections in general, offering timely and precise treatment guidance, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing health care burdens. Further optimization and clinical validation are needed to fully integrate IMC into routine diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"814-823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin – an in vitro study 探索富含白细胞和血小板的纤维蛋白的抗菌潜力--体外研究

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13468

António Melo-Ferraz, Paulo Miller, Maria Begoña Criado, Maria Céu Monteiro, Cristina Coelho

{"title":"Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin – an in vitro study","authors":"António Melo-Ferraz, Paulo Miller, Maria Begoña Criado, Maria Céu Monteiro, Cristina Coelho","doi":"10.1111/apm.13468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13468","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the antimicrobial properties of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028). Infections can hinder wound healing posing challenges. L-PRF's potential for regeneration and antimicrobial action has been studied. Considering the increasing concern about antibiotic resistance, assessing the antimicrobial properties of L-PRF provides valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic agent in postoperative infections. Twenty volunteers were enrolled in the study, following ethical guidelines, and obtaining informed consent. Blood samples were collected and L-PRF was prepared. Microbial suspensions were prepared, and susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method. The study revealed significant heterogeneity in the susceptibility to L-PRF. All L-PRF membrane samples exhibited antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zones of 13 mm ± 3.85 SD. Enterococcus faecalis displayed inhibition diameter of 7.25 mm ± 5.15 SD. Candida albicans susceptibility to L-PRF varied among samples, with both inhibitory and non-inhibitory results. Results showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity, particularly against P. aeruginosa, and highlight the complexity of the L-PRF-microorganism interaction. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the clinical implications and optimize the use of L-PRF.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 11","pages":"859-868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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