Apmis最新文献 - Book学术

Clinical Efficacy of Calcium Gluconate Combined With Ergometrine Maleate in the Prevention of Uterine Atony-Induced Postpartum Hemorrhage and Their Effects on Coagulation Function

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70020

Weiqiang Zhang, Wenjun Shuai, Chunlan Liu, Wenxia Lai, Xiaohua Wang

{"title":"Clinical Efficacy of Calcium Gluconate Combined With Ergometrine Maleate in the Prevention of Uterine Atony-Induced Postpartum Hemorrhage and Their Effects on Coagulation Function","authors":"Weiqiang Zhang, Wenjun Shuai, Chunlan Liu, Wenxia Lai, Xiaohua Wang","doi":"10.1111/apm.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of calcium gluconate combined with ergometrine maleate in preventing and treating uterine atony-induced postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and its impacts on coagulation function. Ninety-six postpartum women with uterine atony were randomly assigned into a study group and a control group (48 cases each) using a double-blind method. The control group received calcium gluconate, while the study group received calcium gluconate combined with ergometrine maleate. Postpartum blood loss at 2 and 24 h, hemostasis time, hemoglobin levels, red blood cell (RBC) count, coagulation indices (PT, TT, APTT, D-D, FIB), inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, PCT), labor duration, hospital stay, menstruation recovery, stress-related indicators, and blood viscosity were compared. The study group had significantly lower postpartum blood loss, shorter labor stages, and higher hemoglobin levels and RBC counts at 24 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Postpartum, PT, TT, APTT, D-D, inflammatory markers, and stress indicators were lower, while FIB was higher in the study group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The combination of ergometrine maleate and calcium gluconate effectively reduces PPH, improves stress-related inflammation, and shortens hemostasis time, demonstrating significant clinical benefits.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial for PMI Journal 100-Years Anniversary Focus Issue

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70019

Peter Østrup Jensen, Alexandre Gabriella Gheorghe, Thomas Bjarnsholt

引用次数: 0

Fatty Acids and Benzene Derivatives Partitioned From Marine-Derived Bacillus safensis: Novel Agents Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 从海洋衍生的 safensis 杆菌中分离出的脂肪酸和苯衍生物：抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的新型制剂

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70018

Venkadapathi Jeyanthi, Jeevitha Dhanasekaran, Sherin John Joseph, Majed A. Bajaber, Palaniyandi Velusamy, Periasamy Anbu, Subash C. B. Gopinath, Sasikumar Pattabi

{"title":"Fatty Acids and Benzene Derivatives Partitioned From Marine-Derived Bacillus safensis: Novel Agents Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Venkadapathi Jeyanthi, Jeevitha Dhanasekaran, Sherin John Joseph, Majed A. Bajaber, Palaniyandi Velusamy, Periasamy Anbu, Subash C. B. Gopinath, Sasikumar Pattabi","doi":"10.1111/apm.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global rise in antimicrobial resistance poses significant challenges to treating infectious diseases, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) in healthcare settings. This research explores the potential of halophilic microorganisms as a source of novel antimicrobial compounds, focusing on <i>Bacillus safensis</i> isolated from saltpan soils in the Tuticorin coastal region, India. Among 158 isolates, <i>B. safensis</i> strain TC67 demonstrated potent anti-MRSA activity and was optimized under specific growth conditions for maximal metabolite production. The active compound was purified through silica gel column chromatography and analyzed using TLC, GC–MS, and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy. These analyses identified benzene derivatives and saturated fatty acids as key components, including eicosanoic and decanoic acids. The purified metabolites exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 31.25 μg/mL against MRSA. Mechanistic studies using flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the compound disrupts MRSA cell membranes, leading to decreased cell viability. This study highlights the potential of marine-derived <i>Bacillus</i> species as a source for antimicrobial agents, providing viable choices to combat MRSA infections.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Count in Potential Celiac Disease

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70015

Roberta Mandile, Mariantonia Maglio, Antonella Marano, Luciano Rapacciuolo, Valentina Discepolo, Riccardo Troncone, Renata Auricchio

{"title":"Assessment of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes Count in Potential Celiac Disease","authors":"Roberta Mandile, Mariantonia Maglio, Antonella Marano, Luciano Rapacciuolo, Valentina Discepolo, Riccardo Troncone, Renata Auricchio","doi":"10.1111/apm.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) count, central for coeliac disease (CD) diagnosis, can be performed either directly on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained paraffined sections or on optimal-cutting-temperature-compound (OCT)-embedded frozen sections stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with anti-CD3. We evaluated the concordance in Marsh grading between these two techniques on a large sample of sections. A total of 280 patients with a normal intestinal architecture, 210 potential celiac disease (PCD) patients, and 70 controls (CTR) were included. At the H&E histological evaluation, 136/280 were classified as Marsh-0 (showing < 25 IELs/100 enterocytes) and 144 Marsh-1, while at the IHC evaluation, 191 were classified as Marsh-0 (showing ≤ 34 CD3+/mm of epithelium) and 89 Marsh-1. The overall concordance was 66.8% (48.6% Marsh-1 and 86% Marsh-0) with a Cohen Kappa value of 0.33. In the PCD group, the overall concordance was 63% (45.6% Marsh-1 and 84% Marsh-0) with a Cohen Kappa value of 0.26, while in the CTR group it was 77% (60% Marsh-1, 90% Marsh-0) with a Cohen Kappa value of 0.54. Differences between the two groups were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, the concordance of IELs counts between histological and IHC evaluation is low (Kappa Cohen 0.54) in no-CD and even more in PCD patients (0.26). Caution must be paid when classifying a patient as Marsh-0 or Marsh-1 according to the technique used.</p>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microwaves Activate Immune Response and Promote Lymphocytes Proliferation of Wistar Rats

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70017

Ma Lizhen, Cao Shuhua, Zou Yong, Zhi Weijia, Zhao Xuelong, Zhang Mingzhao, Yan Zhifeng, Hu Xiangjun, Wang Lifeng

{"title":"Microwaves Activate Immune Response and Promote Lymphocytes Proliferation of Wistar Rats","authors":"Ma Lizhen, Cao Shuhua, Zou Yong, Zhi Weijia, Zhao Xuelong, Zhang Mingzhao, Yan Zhifeng, Hu Xiangjun, Wang Lifeng","doi":"10.1111/apm.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The potential effects of microwave radiation have gained increasing attention due to its widespread application in daily life. This study aimed to investigate its effects on rat immune function. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 2.856 GHz microwave radiation for 20 min. Cytokine levels in serum were measured by ELISA at 0 and 7 days' post-exposure. HE staining was used to observe the structure of the spleen. Morphology and proliferation of spleen mixed lymphocytes were detected after 24 h of culture, and proliferation was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. Expression of HSP70 and calreticulin (CRT) was assessed by WB. Rats showed an increased secretion of inflammatory factors in serum. Spleen tissue revealed no significant damage. Compared to the control group, irradiated groups (R-0d and R-7d) showed a significant increase and thickening of the white pulp. The boundary between the red and white medulla in the R-7d group appeared blurred. CCK-8 assay showed that splenic mixed lymphocytes in the irradiated group showed a significant proliferation. There was no significant difference in HSP70 and CRT expression between the exposed and control groups. Microwave exposure might activate the immune system of rats, potentially triggering a T cell-mediated inflammatory response.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kurarinone Attenuates LPS-Induced Pneumonia by Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70013

Lili Wang, Guoyu Lu, Fangli Wang, Yanyan Tao, Changyuan Dai

{"title":"Kurarinone Attenuates LPS-Induced Pneumonia by Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways","authors":"Lili Wang, Guoyu Lu, Fangli Wang, Yanyan Tao, Changyuan Dai","doi":"10.1111/apm.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kurarinone is a prenylated flavanone isolated from <i>Sophora flavescens</i> Aiton. This investigation aimed to elucidate whether kurarinone could ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pneumonia and explore the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were treated with LPS (50 μg/20 μL) to establish pneumonia models. Kurarinone (100 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (DEX, 5 mg/kg) was administered for 7 days before LPS inhalation. BEAS-2B cells were incubated with kurarinone at 1, 2, and 5 μM for 2 h before LPS stimulation for 24 h. We found that kurarinone ameliorated lung injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in the mouse lung (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Kurarinone decreased MPO activity (47.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and alleviated the inflammatory response by reducing the levels of IL-1β (34.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), TNF-α (55.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and IL-6 (36.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the lung. Kurarinone reduced the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX2 in LPS-treated BEAS-2B cells in a concentration-dependent manner (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Mechanistically, kurarinone restrained LPS-induced activation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways in vivo and in vitro (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, kurarinone alleviates LPS-induced pneumonia in mice by reducing inflammation via MAPK and NF-κB pathways, suggesting that kurarinone might be a potential therapeutic agent for pneumonia. This study provides new research ideas for the discovery of natural flavonoids that can treat pneumonia.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tunneled Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcomes—A 10-Year Analysis

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70016

Mustafa Arslan, Ercan Kahraman, Elif Menekşe

{"title":"Tunneled Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcomes—A 10-Year Analysis","authors":"Mustafa Arslan, Ercan Kahraman, Elif Menekşe","doi":"10.1111/apm.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to investigate the rate, risk factors, causative microorganism distribution, and treatment outcomes of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in chronic hemodialysis patients undergoing treatment with a tunneled hemodialysis catheter. Data for all patients who underwent hemodialysis treatment with tunneled catheters at our center between January 2014 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 171 patients were included in the study. Forty-five patients had 54 CRBSI episodes. The average time between catheter placement and the development of CRBSI was 127.4 days, and the risk of developing CRBSI increased as this duration extended. In the bivariate logistic regression analysis, advanced age (<i>p</i> = 0.03), diabetes (<i>p</i> = 0.005), duration of hemodialysis (<i>p</i> < 0.001), decompensated cirrhosis (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and the femoral vein being the entry site (<i>p</i> = 0.011) were identified as risk factors for CRBSI. In the ROC analysis, the hemoglobin A1c threshold value for the development of CRBSI in diabetic patients was determined to be 9.350 (69% sensitivity, 87% specificity, AUC = 0.755, <i>p</i> < 0.001). We believe that avoiding femoral vein catheterization as much as possible and expediting the transition from catheter to another method for dialysis are important measures to prevent the development of CRBSI.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Suppresses Mitophagy to Alleviate Muscle Atrophy in Chronic Renal Failure With Protein-Energy Wasting

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70014

Jingwen Ni, Yuting Yin, Pan Liang, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yuying Li, Lvguang Pang, Xiaoshi Zhong, Jianguang Hu

{"title":"Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Suppresses Mitophagy to Alleviate Muscle Atrophy in Chronic Renal Failure With Protein-Energy Wasting","authors":"Jingwen Ni, Yuting Yin, Pan Liang, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yuying Li, Lvguang Pang, Xiaoshi Zhong, Jianguang Hu","doi":"10.1111/apm.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protein-energy wasting (PEW) facilitates major adverse clinical outcomes in chronic renal failure (CRF), with current therapies not suitable for all patients. <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> (<i>F. prausnitzii</i>) can alleviate chronic kidney disease, with unclear effects and mechanisms on CRF with PEW. The CRF rat model was constructed by adenine administration, and PEW was induced by a 4% casein diet. The serum creatinine (SCR), urinary protein (UPR), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathology of the gastrocnemius muscle was estimated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of mitophagy-related markers was detected to assess the mitophagy level. Dexamethasone-induced L6 myotubes established myotube atrophy models. The levels of mitophagy-related markers, muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1), and atrophy gene 1 (Atrogin1) were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. <i>F. prausnitzii</i> suppressed the SCR, UPR, and BUN expression in serum and gastrocnemius muscle atrophy, which were promoted by CRF with PEW. Dexamethasone-induced expression of MuRF1 and Atrogin1 in L6 myotubes was decreased by <i>F. prausnitzii</i>. Additionally, <i>F. prausnitzii</i> repressed mitophagy in the gastrocnemius muscle and L6 myotubes. In conclusion, <i>F. prausnitzii</i> suppressed renal failure progression and muscle atrophy by inhibiting mitophagy in CRF with PEW.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rhinoviral Infection of the Human Lung Vascular Endothelium May Protect From the Secondary Infection With Rhinovirus RV-16

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70011

Izabela Gulbas, Adrian Bekier, Adrian Gajewski, Mateusz Gawrysiak, Sylwia Michlewska, Magdalena Chmiela, Maciej Chałubiński

{"title":"Rhinoviral Infection of the Human Lung Vascular Endothelium May Protect From the Secondary Infection With Rhinovirus RV-16","authors":"Izabela Gulbas, Adrian Bekier, Adrian Gajewski, Mateusz Gawrysiak, Sylwia Michlewska, Magdalena Chmiela, Maciej Chałubiński","doi":"10.1111/apm.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rhinoviruses are a major cause of respiratory infections, including asthma infectious exacerbations. Human rhinovirus 16 (RV-16) has been widely shown to infect respiratory epithelial cells and the human lung vascular endothelium. RV-16 was also observed to induce an IFN-β-dependent mechanism of antiviral intracellular mechanisms based on OAS-1 and PKR activity. This study aimed to investigate whether the human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) infected with RV-16 display a resistance to subsequent infections with the same virus, RV-16. HMVEC-L were infected with RV-16 and reinfected with RV-16 on Day 5. IFN-β-dependent responses, antiviral protein expression, inflammatory cytokine levels, and a viral copy numbers were assessed by real-time PCR, flow cytometry, ELISA, and confocal microscopy. RV-16 infection induced a significant IFN-β production and an activation of IFN-β-dependent antiviral proteins in HMVEC-L. On Day 5 post infection, these antiviral mechanisms remained active. In cells reinfected with RV-16, significantly lower replication of RV-16 was observed as compared to cells primarily infected with RV-16 on Day 5. Concomitantly, reinfected HMVEC-L showed a weaker response in IFN-β and inflammatory cytokine production. HMVEC-L infected with RV-16 display a sustained activation of IFN-β-dependent antiviral mechanisms, conferring resistance to subsequent infections with RV-16.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Function of B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator and Its Role in Transplantation

IF 2.2 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1111/apm.70012

Kai Ma, Heqiao Han, Yuchen Bao, Rongtao Chen, Yixuan Yang, Wenwei Shao

{"title":"The Function of B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator and Its Role in Transplantation","authors":"Kai Ma, Heqiao Han, Yuchen Bao, Rongtao Chen, Yixuan Yang, Wenwei Shao","doi":"10.1111/apm.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/apm.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune checkpoints are important molecules that regulate the immune response, preventing its overactivation from causing tissue damage and autoimmune diseases. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) plays an important role in regulating the activation and suppression of the immune response as part of a bidirectional signaling complex. The BTLA and its ligand herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) interaction transmits inhibitory signals that suppress the biological activity of T cells, B cells, and DCs. In addition, BTLA–HVEM can affect the induction of Treg cells, further suggesting its important role in immune regulation. Organ transplantation is the ultimate treatment option for many patients with end-stage organ failure. Transplant rejection can cause damage to the transplanted organ, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients. Therefore, we would like to explore the potential application value of the BTLA–HVEM interaction to exert an immunosuppressive function and thus attenuate transplant rejection. We first reviewed the structure and function of BTLA and HVEM, then summarized their research progress in organ transplantation, and further explored the directions of potential future applications and the challenges of current BTLA–HVEM applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"133 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0