IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13402

Fang Zhou, Leilei Jiang, Xuankai Sun, Zhen Wang, Jialin Feng, Ming Liu, Zhao Ma

{"title":"Surgery of enlarging lesions after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with oncogenic driver mutations frequently reveals radiation necrosis: case series and review","authors":"Fang Zhou, Leilei Jiang, Xuankai Sun, Zhen Wang, Jialin Feng, Ming Liu, Zhao Ma","doi":"10.1111/apm.13402","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13402","url":null,"abstract":"In brain metastases, radiation necrosis (RN) is a complication that arises after single or multiple fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS/FSRS), which is challenging to distinguish from local recurrence (LR). Studies have shown increased RN incidence rates in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oncogenic driver mutations (ODMs) or receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study investigated enlarging brain lesions following SRS/FSRS, for which additional surgeries were performed to distinguish between RN and LR. We investigated seven NSCLC patients with ODMs undergoing SRS/FSRS for BM and undergoing surgery for suspicion of LR on MRI imaging. Descriptive statistics were performed. Among the seven patients, six were EGFR+, while one was ALK+. The median irradiation dose was 30 Gy (range, 20–35 Gy). The median time to develop RN after SRS/FSRS was 11.1 months (range: 6.3–31.2 months). Moreover, gradually enlarging lesions were found in all patients after 6 months post-SRS/FSR. Brain radiation necrosis was pathologically confirmed in all the patients. RN should be suspected in NSCLC patients when lesions keep enlarging after 6 months post-SRS/FSRS, especially for patients with ODMs and receiving TKIs. Further, this case series indicates that further dose reduction might be necessary to avoid RN for such patients.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 6","pages":"375-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the biofilm development of Acinetobacter baumannii and novel strategies to combat infection 了解鲍曼不动杆菌生物膜的发展以及抗感染的新策略。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13399

Naji Naseef Pathoor, Akshaya Viswanathan, Gulshan Wadhwa, Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh

{"title":"Understanding the biofilm development of Acinetobacter baumannii and novel strategies to combat infection","authors":"Naji Naseef Pathoor, Akshaya Viswanathan, Gulshan Wadhwa, Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh","doi":"10.1111/apm.13399","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13399","url":null,"abstract":"Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, and aerobic bacillus emerged as a superbug, due to increasing the possibility of infection and accelerating rates of antimicrobial agents. It is recognized as a nosocomial pathogen due to its ability to form biofilms. These biofilms serve as a defensive barrier, increase antibiotic resistance, and make treatment more difficult. As a result, the current situation necessitates the rapid emergence of novel therapeutic approaches to ensure successful treatment outcomes. This review explores the intricate relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii, emphasizing the role of key virulence factors and quorum sensing (QS) mechanisms that will lead to infections and facilitate insight into developing innovative method to control A. baumannii infections. Furthermore, the review article looks into promising approaches for preventing biofilm formation on medically important surfaces and potential therapeutic methods for eliminating preformed biofilms, which can address biofilm-associated A. baumannii infections. Modern advances in emerging therapeutic options such as antimicrobial peptide (AMPs), nanoparticles (NPs), bacteriophage therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and other biofilm inhibitors can assist readers understand the current landscape and future prospects for effectively treating A. baumannii biofilm infections.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 5","pages":"317-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140038653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathological image profiling identifies onco-microbial, tumor immune microenvironment, and prognostic subtypes of colorectal cancer 病理图像分析确定了结直肠癌的病原微生物、肿瘤免疫微环境和预后亚型。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13387

Yuwen Chu, Shuo Zhang, Wei Wan, Jialiang Yang, Yumeng Zhang, Chuanqi Nie, Weipeng Xing, Shanhe Tong, Jinyang Liu, Geng Tian, Bing Wang, Lei Ji

{"title":"Pathological image profiling identifies onco-microbial, tumor immune microenvironment, and prognostic subtypes of colorectal cancer","authors":"Yuwen Chu, Shuo Zhang, Wei Wan, Jialiang Yang, Yumeng Zhang, Chuanqi Nie, Weipeng Xing, Shanhe Tong, Jinyang Liu, Geng Tian, Bing Wang, Lei Ji","doi":"10.1111/apm.13387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13387","url":null,"abstract":"Histology slide, tissue microbes, and the host gene expression can be independent prognostic factors of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the underlying associations and biological significance of these multimodal omics remain unknown. Here, we comprehensively profiled the matched pathological images, intratumoral microbes, and host gene expression characteristics in 527 patients with CRC. By clustering these patients based on histology slide features, we classified the patients into two histology slide subtypes (HSS). Onco-microbial community and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) were also significantly different between the two subtypes (HSS1 and HSS2) of patients. Furthermore, variation in intratumoral microbes–host interaction was associated with the prognostic heterogeneity between HSS1 and HSS2. This study proposes a new CRC classification based on pathological image features and elucidates the process by which tumor microbes–host interactions are reflected in pathological images through the TIME.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 6","pages":"416-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139970824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Informed development of a multi-species biofilm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺病中多物种生物膜的知情发展。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13386

Bryn Short, Christopher Delaney, William Johnston, Gary J. Litherland, John C. Lockhart, Craig Williams, William G. Mackay, Gordon Ramage

{"title":"Informed development of a multi-species biofilm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Bryn Short, Christopher Delaney, William Johnston, Gary J. Litherland, John C. Lockhart, Craig Williams, William G. Mackay, Gordon Ramage","doi":"10.1111/apm.13386","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13386","url":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence indicates that microbial biofilm aggregates inhabit the lungs of COPD patients and actively contribute towards chronic colonization and repeat infections. However, there are no contextually relevant complex biofilm models for COPD research. In this study, a meta-analysis of the lung microbiome in COPD was used to inform development of an optimized biofilm model composed of genera highly associated with COPD. Bioinformatic analysis showed that although diversity matrices of COPD microbiomes were similar to healthy controls, and internal compositions made it possible to accurately differentiate between these cohorts (AUC = 0.939). Genera that best defined these patients included Haemophilus, Moraxella and Streptococcus. Many studies fail to account for fungi; therefore, Candida albicans was included in the creation of an interkingdom biofilm model. These organisms formed a biofilm capable of tolerating high concentrations of antimicrobial therapies with no significant reductions in viability. However, combined therapies of antibiotics and an antifungal resulted in significant reductions in viable cells throughout the biofilm (p < 0.05). This biofilm model is representative of the COPD lung microbiome and results from in vitro antimicrobial challenge experiments indicate that targeting both bacteria and fungi in these interkingdom communities will be required for more positive clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 5","pages":"336-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139911869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammatory mediators in bacterial vaginosis: The role of cytokines 细菌性阴道病中的炎症介质：细胞因子的作用

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13380

Yuexin Zhang, Zhi He

{"title":"Inflammatory mediators in bacterial vaginosis: The role of cytokines","authors":"Yuexin Zhang, Zhi He","doi":"10.1111/apm.13380","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13380","url":null,"abstract":"BV is a significant concern in women's health with a varying prevalence rate in different cities of China. The condition has been linked to the acquisition of STIs, including HIV and HPV, and can lead to infertility, adverse obstetric outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in the PubMed. The search was performed from 01/01/2018 to 01/09/2023. The following search terms were used: bacterial vaginosis and cytokine. We also manually searched the reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews to identify additional articles. The presence of Gardnerella spp. can lead to changes in cytokine levels. The immune system of the female reproductive tract consists of various immune cells and molecules that play a vital role in defending against infections. Cytokines, signaling molecules involved in immune cell recruitment and activation, have been identified as potential biomarkers for diagnosing BV and predicting STIs. Current treatments for BV primarily involve antibiotics, but there is a high recurrence rate posttreatment. BV is a complex condition that affects a significant number of women worldwide. The role of cytokines in the onset, progression, and treatment of BV offers promising avenues for future research and potential diagnostic and therapeutic advancements.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 4","pages":"245-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autoimmune vulnerability of beta versus alpha cells might be due to increased 2′,5′ synthetase β细胞相对于α细胞的自身免疫脆弱性可能是由于 2',5'合成酶的增加。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13384

Karsten Buschard, Martin Haupt-Jorgensen

引用次数: 0

Humoral immune response of Galleria mellonella after mono- and co-injection with Hypericum perforatum extract and Candida albicans 金丝桃提取物和白色念珠菌单次注射和联合注射后五倍子的体液免疫反应

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13383

Tülay Turgut Genç, Serhat Kaya, Melih Günay, Çağla Çakaloğlu

{"title":"Humoral immune response of Galleria mellonella after mono- and co-injection with Hypericum perforatum extract and Candida albicans","authors":"Tülay Turgut Genç, Serhat Kaya, Melih Günay, Çağla Çakaloğlu","doi":"10.1111/apm.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13383","url":null,"abstract":"Galleria mellonella is used as a model organism to study the innate immune response of insects. In this study, the humoral immune response was assessed by examining phenoloxidase activity, fungal burden, and the expression of phenoloxidase and antimicrobial peptide genes at different time point following separate and combined injections of Hypericum perforatum extract and a nonlethal dose of Candida albicans. The administration of a plant extract at low doses increased phenoloxidase activity, while higher doses had no effect. Similarly, co-injection of a low dose of the extract with the pathogen allowed half of the yeast cells to survive after 24 h. Co-injection of plant extract with the pathogen decreased the phenoloxidase activity at the end of 4 h compared to C. albicans mono-injection. The phenoloxidase gene expressions was reduced in all experimental conditions with respect to the control. When plant extracts and the pathogen were administered together, gallerimycin and hemolin gene expressions were considerably higher compared to mono-injections of plant extracts and the pathogen. The results of this study reveal that gene activation and regulatory mechanisms may change for each immune gene, and that recognition and signaling pathways may differ depending on the involved immunoregulator.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 5","pages":"358-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virology and safety profile of Molnupiravir at three different doses for treatment of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis 三种不同剂量的莫能吡韦治疗SARS-CoV-2的病毒学和安全性概况：系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13373

Mahnoor Sukaina, Syed Hasan Shuja, Syeda Tayyaba Rehan, Sidhant Ochani, Muhammad Sheryar

{"title":"Virology and safety profile of Molnupiravir at three different doses for treatment of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mahnoor Sukaina, Syed Hasan Shuja, Syeda Tayyaba Rehan, Sidhant Ochani, Muhammad Sheryar","doi":"10.1111/apm.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13373","url":null,"abstract":"Molnupiravir is incorporated into the viral genome, thereby increasing errors, mismatching, and misdirecting the viral polymerase thereby, halting viral RNA replication of SARS-CoV-2. Following PRISMA guidelines, a thorough literature search was performed on electronic and medical databases from December 2022 till January 2023. Molnupiravir 800 mg showed significance in creating viral RNA error rate at Day 5 (WMD: 4.91; 95% CI; [1.19, 8.63] p = 0.01; I2 = 0%). Similarly, at 400 mg, Molnupiravir creates an RNA error rate (WMD: 2.27; 95% CI; 2.27 [0.50, 4.65] p = 0.02; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, exhibit a significant outcome for mean change in SARS-CoV-2 RNA viral load from baseline in nasopharyngeal sample at 800 mg Molnupiravir on Day 3 (WMD: −0.22; 95% CI; [−0.35, −0.08] p = 0.002; I2 = 0%), Day 5 (WMD: −0.32; 95% CI; [−0.53, −0.11] p = 0.003; I2 = 24%) and overall pooled analysis (WMD: −0.17; 95% CI; [−0.29, 0.33] p = 0.003; I2 = 32%). Moreover, Molnupiravir 400 mg significantly reduced the incidence of death compared to the placebo group (RR: 0.17; 95% CI; [0.07, 0.43] p = 0.0002; I2 = 0%). Molnupiravir effectively treats SARS-CoV-2 patients by eliminating the virus from the host.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 3","pages":"139-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139574776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical implications of AGR2 in primary prostate cancer: Results from a large-scale study AGR2 在原发性前列腺癌中的临床意义：一项大规模研究的结果

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13382

Moritz Wambach, Matteo Montani, Josefine Runz, Carsten Stephan, Klaus Jung, Holger Moch, Daniel Eberli, Marit Bernhardt, Oliver Hommerding, Tobias Kreft, Marcus V. Cronauer, Anika Kremer, Thomas Mayr, Stefan Hauser, Glen Kristiansen

{"title":"Clinical implications of AGR2 in primary prostate cancer: Results from a large-scale study","authors":"Moritz Wambach, Matteo Montani, Josefine Runz, Carsten Stephan, Klaus Jung, Holger Moch, Daniel Eberli, Marit Bernhardt, Oliver Hommerding, Tobias Kreft, Marcus V. Cronauer, Anika Kremer, Thomas Mayr, Stefan Hauser, Glen Kristiansen","doi":"10.1111/apm.13382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13382","url":null,"abstract":"Human anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) has been implicated in carcinogenesis of various solid tumours, but the expression data in prostate cancer are contradictory regarding its prognostic value. The objective of this study is to evaluate the expression of AGR2 in a large prostate cancer cohort and to correlate it with clinicopathological data. AGR2 protein expression was analysed immunohistochemically in 1023 well-characterized prostate cancer samples with a validated antibody. AGR2 expression levels in carcinomas were compared with matched tissue samples of adjacent normal glands. AGR2 expression levels were dichotomized and tested for statistical significance. Increased AGR2 expression was found in 93.5% of prostate cancer cases. AGR2 levels were significantly higher in prostate cancer compared with normal prostate tissue. A gradual loss of AGR2 expression was associated with increasing tumour grade (ISUP), and AGR2 expression is inversely related to patient survival, however, multivariable significance is not achieved. AGR2 is clearly upregulated in the majority of prostate cancer cases, yet a true diagnostic value appears unlikely. In spite of the negative correlation of AGR2 expression with increasing tumour grade, no independent prognostic significance was found in this large-scale study.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 4","pages":"256-266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139574680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune responses to mRNA-based vaccines given as a third COVID-19 vaccine dose in people living with HIV—a literature review 艾滋病病毒感染者对作为第三剂 COVID-19 疫苗的 mRNA 疫苗的免疫反应--文献综述。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Apmis Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13379

Maria Lodberg Knudsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Line Dam Heftdal

{"title":"Immune responses to mRNA-based vaccines given as a third COVID-19 vaccine dose in people living with HIV—a literature review","authors":"Maria Lodberg Knudsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Line Dam Heftdal","doi":"10.1111/apm.13379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apm.13379","url":null,"abstract":"People living with HIV (PLWH) were not included in the first efficacy studies of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. In this literature review, we investigate evidence of humoral and cellular immunity after a third dose of an mRNA vaccine in PLWH. We performed a literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and SCOPUS published between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022. Selection criteria were studies on immunological responses in PLWH, who were given an mRNA-based vaccine as a third vaccine dose against SARS-CoV-2. Eight articles complied with our selection criteria. All studies found a strong humoral response after the third dose. Five studies investigated cellular immunity and found an increased cellular response after the third vaccine dose in PLWH. No difference in humoral response was observed between PLWH and controls after three doses. However, some of the studies suggested a weaker cellular response among PLWH than in controls, which was associated with lower nadir or current CD4+ T-cell counts. In conclusion, we found evidence of strong humoral immunity in PLWH after receiving an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine as a third dose, while the cellular immunity may be impaired compared to controls.","PeriodicalId":8167,"journal":{"name":"Apmis","volume":"132 4","pages":"236-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/apm.13379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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