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A Note on Klb yārh in al-Bīrūnī’s Autobibliography 关于 al-Bīrūnī 自传中的 Klb yārh 的说明
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-20231684
Oliver Kahl
{"title":"A Note on Klb yārh in al-Bīrūnī’s Autobibliography","authors":"Oliver Kahl","doi":"10.1163/15700585-20231684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-20231684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This short article proposes two possible explanations of the opaque term <em>klb yārh</em> (<styled-content lang=\"ar-Arab\" xmlns:dc=\"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/\" xmlns:ifp=\"http://www.ifactory.com/press\">كلب ياره</styled-content>), which makes an isolated appearance in the autobibliography of Abū Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī (d. ca. 440/1048). There, it is registered as the title of an otherwise unknown Indian medical work which al-Bīrūnī himself says he translated from Sanskrit into Arabic.</p>","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Subtle Subversion: From Arabo-Centrism to Universalism in the 5th/11th Century Šāfiʿī School’s Considerations of Lineage for Marriage Suitability (Kafāʾa) 微妙的颠覆：从阿拉伯中心论到 5/11 世纪萨菲学派的普世主义：血统对婚姻适宜性的影响 (Kafāʾa)
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-202416892
Youcef Soufi
{"title":"A Subtle Subversion: From Arabo-Centrism to Universalism in the 5th/11th Century Šāfiʿī School’s Considerations of Lineage for Marriage Suitability (Kafāʾa)","authors":"Youcef Soufi","doi":"10.1163/15700585-202416892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-202416892","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Arab socio-political dominance of 7th-8th century <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">AD</span> Muslim conquerors made its way into the classical legal discourse on <em>kafāʾa</em> (suitable matches in marriage). Most classical jurists considered the marriage of an Arab woman to a non-Arab man to be one of several potential sources of shame to the bride and her family. This article traces how the Persian scholars of the Šāfiʿī school in Khurasan subverted Arabo-centrism in considerations of marriage by reinterpreting the legal doctrine of <em>kafāʾa</em> in the late 10th-11th centuries. Khurasanian Šāfiʿīs built upon but ultimately departed from the position of their colleagues in Iraq on Arab superiority: They formulated a new understanding of lineage which excluded considerations of ethnicity. The discussion of the doctrine of <em>kafāʾa</em> provides an example of how non-Arabs carved a place for themselves within an Islamic legal culture that originally disadvantaged them.</p>","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Du neutre, ici en français mais également là(-bas) en arabe 中性，这里是法语，那里（-bas）是阿拉伯语
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-20231681
Manuel Sartori
{"title":"Du neutre, ici en français mais également là(-bas) en arabe","authors":"Manuel Sartori","doi":"10.1163/15700585-20231681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-20231681","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>Résumé</h2><p>Cet article ambitionne d’interroger, pour l’arabe, les emplois neutres du point de vue du genre de réalités qui ne le sont pas forcément du point de vue grammatical. Il montre que certaines formes dites « masculines » ont en fait un emploi neutre du point de vue du genre, faisant <em>fonctionnellement</em> de ce « masculin » un neutre par défaut. Ceci rappelle qu’il n’y a pas de relation biunivoque entre genre grammatical d’une part et identité sexuée d’autre part. Pour ce faire, plusieurs exemples sont pris qui illustrent à la fois des emplois neutralisés du point de vue du genre, mais aussi des formes de neutralisation où le masculin originel a été amputé de sa marque spécifique de masculin, et qui rappellent enfin l’existence de formes intrinsèquement neutres. L’article montre particulièrement par le biais des démonstratifs d’éloignement (<em>ḏālika</em>, ...) et des déictiques « là » (<em>hunāka</em>) et « là-bas » (<em>hunālika</em>), qui sont tous formés par l’adjonction du <em>kāf al-ḫiṭāb</em> (« kāf d’adresse ») et qui connaissaient tous originellement une flexion (<em>ḏāliki, hunākumā, hunālikum</em>, etc.), que nous voyons à l’œuvre le figement en <em>-ka</em> de ce <em>kāf al-ḫiṭāb</em>. Ce figement n’est pas l’écrasement du féminin et du non-singulier au profit du seul masculin singulier, mais le résultat d’un emploi neutralisé, par recours à la forme la moins marquée du système. La fin est d’éviter une flexion en genre et nombre en fonction de celui (désormais neutre) à qui l’on s’adresse.</p>","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Earliest Manuscripts of Kairouan (9th-11th Centuries): New Approaches for a More Accurate Dating 凯鲁万最早的手稿（9-11 世纪）：更准确测定年代的新方法
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-202416893
Umberto Bongianino, Clément Salah
{"title":"The Earliest Manuscripts of Kairouan (9th-11th Centuries): New Approaches for a More Accurate Dating","authors":"Umberto Bongianino, Clément Salah","doi":"10.1163/15700585-202416893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-202416893","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the close examination of 32 manuscripts produced in Kairouan between the 9th and the 11th centuries, this article reassesses the content and function of their paratext and interrogates some diagnostic features of their scripts and page layout. In the first part, we demonstrate that some dated notes can refer to auditions and readings that occurred decades before the production of the manuscripts on which they appear, and therefore cannot be used as <em>termini ante quem</em> for dating them. In the second part, we discuss some key palaeographic parameters for a better understanding of Ifrīqī scripts, their origin, and their development, with a view to establishing a set of reliable criteria for a more accurate dating and contextualisation of this little-known material.</p>","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lorsqu’un uṣūlī interprète le Coran : aspects de la réception de la théorie légale dans l’exégèse de Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī 当一位学者解释《古兰经》时：Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī 的训诂学对法律理论的接受。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-20231679
Ahmed Oulddali
{"title":"Lorsqu’un uṣūlī interprète le Coran : aspects de la réception de la théorie légale dans l’exégèse de Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī","authors":"Ahmed Oulddali","doi":"10.1163/15700585-20231679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-20231679","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé Dans son commentaire coranique, Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī met à contribution diverses sciences traditionnelles et rationnelles, parmi lesquelles les fondements du droit (<jats:italic>uṣūl al-fiqh</jats:italic>). Cette discipline joue un rôle primordial au sein de son dispositif exégétique, puisqu’il y puise beaucoup de notions et d’arguments lui permettant de proposer de nouvelles interprétations ou de réfuter les opinions émises par ses prédécesseurs. Le présent travail vise à étudier l’apport des fondements du droit à l’exégèse de Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī. Il s’agit de montrer comment cet auteur utilise les règles herméneutiques empruntées à la science des <jats:italic>uṣūl al-fiqh</jats:italic> et les profits qu’il en tire, notamment dans les débats l’opposant aux autres commentateurs du Coran.","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scrutizing the Constructions of waʾd through Major Lexicographical Sources 通过主要词汇来源审视 waʾd 的构造
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-202416894
Tsampika-Mika Paraskeva
{"title":"Scrutizing the Constructions of waʾd through Major Lexicographical Sources","authors":"Tsampika-Mika Paraskeva","doi":"10.1163/15700585-202416894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-202416894","url":null,"abstract":"The term <jats:italic>waʾd</jats:italic> is commonly understood to refer to the alleged custom of the pre-Islamic era to bury new-born girls alive after their birth. As such, it has become part and parcel of the portrayal of pre-Islamic Arabia (<jats:italic>ǧāhiliyya</jats:italic>). The present paper provides a thorough analysis of the concept of <jats:italic>waʾd</jats:italic> and its relevant cognates, as they occur in major lexicographical sources, aiming to shed light on certain mechanisms of construction of what is traditionally accepted as an accurate depiction of a real practice.","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interpréter le Coran versus défendre le muṣḥaf : l’exemple du verset 2, 184c 解释《古兰经》与捍卫《穆萨夫》：以第 2 节 184c 为例
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-20231672
Hocine Benkheira
{"title":"Interpréter le Coran versus défendre le muṣḥaf : l’exemple du verset 2, 184c","authors":"Hocine Benkheira","doi":"10.1163/15700585-20231672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-20231672","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé La lecture du verset 2, 184c (<jats:italic>wa-ʿalā llaḏīna yuṭīqūna-hu fidyatun ṭaʿāmu miskīnin</jats:italic>) retenue dans le codex (<jats:italic>muṣḥaf)</jats:italic> a confronté les exégètes à des problèmes difficiles à surmonter. C’est ainsi qu’ils ont été conduits à en proposer plusieurs interprétations, dont une en particulier a recueilli l’assentiment de beaucoup d’entre eux et a été adoptée par les premières autorités du <jats:italic>tafsīr</jats:italic> (Muqātil b. Sulaymān, Abū ʿUbayd, al-Ṭabarī) alors même qu’elle s’écarte ouvertement de l’énoncé. On s’efforce ici de comprendre les raisons de ce choix, en apparence aberrant.","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La fuite des Iyād au « Pays des Romains » : une théorie de migration transfrontalière aux débuts de l’Islam 伊亚德人逃往 "罗马人之地"：早期伊斯兰教跨境移民理论
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-202416895
Simon Pierre
{"title":"La fuite des Iyād au « Pays des Romains » : une théorie de migration transfrontalière aux débuts de l’Islam","authors":"Simon Pierre","doi":"10.1163/15700585-202416895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-202416895","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé Cet article procède à l’analyse des sources narratives traitant d’un phénomène unique dans les débuts de l’islam, le passage d’une partie du groupe arabophone des Iyād au service des Romains. Les auteurs d’époque abbasside (132/750-333/945) situent les transfuges dans le contexte des conquêtes <jats:italic>(futūḥ)</jats:italic> arabo-musulmanes du Moyen-Orient romain et sassanide (v. 10/632-20/642). En mettant en évidence les contradictions, incohérences et anachronismes de ces versions, notamment leur propension à traiter en réalité plus de la migration de l’Irak vers la Syrie du Nord, nous proposons un scénario alternatif : les Iyād s’installèrent progressivement dans le nord du district militaire (<jats:italic>ǧund</jats:italic>) de Homs, du Nord de la Syrie-Mésopotamie ex-romaine. Compte tenu du contexte des migrations, ralliements et transfuges au cours de la période omeyyade (40/661-132/750) ainsi que des fréquents déplacements de la frontière dans la zone des confins (<jats:italic>ṯuġūr</jats:italic>), nous suggérons que les Iyād, comme beaucoup d’ethnies chassées et enrôlées dans la région par les deux empires, passèrent peut-être à plusieurs reprises du service des Byzantins à celui des Omeyyades. Finalement, la rigidification des frontières géographiques, politiques et confessionnelles transforma de tels déplacements opportunistes ou forcés, bien qu’encore attestés, en apostasies contre-nature. Or ce contexte prévalut à la rédaction des sources narratives sur leur fuite primordiale au « pays des Romains ».","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
L’archipel ibadite. Une histoire des marges du Maghreb médiéval, written by Cyrille Aillet 伊巴德群岛。中世纪马格里布边缘地区史》，作者：Cyrille Aillet
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-202416896
Paul Love
{"title":"L’archipel ibadite. Une histoire des marges du Maghreb médiéval, written by Cyrille Aillet","authors":"Paul Love","doi":"10.1163/15700585-202416896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-202416896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sufi Institutions, edited by Alexandre Papas 苏菲机构》，亚历山大-帕帕斯编辑
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Arabica Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1163/15700585-20231682
Pierre Lory
{"title":"Sufi Institutions, edited by Alexandre Papas","authors":"Pierre Lory","doi":"10.1163/15700585-20231682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700585-20231682","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8163,"journal":{"name":"Arabica","volume":"31 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140737518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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