Welding in the World最新文献_第8页

Influences of the beam offset on microstructures and performance of fiber laser welded Nb521/Ti dissimilar joints 光束偏移对光纤激光焊接 Nb521/Ti 异种接头微观结构和性能的影响

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01791-9

Feipeng An, Linjie Zhang, Gang Zhao, Shurong Li, Suck Joo Na

{"title":"Influences of the beam offset on microstructures and performance of fiber laser welded Nb521/Ti dissimilar joints","authors":"Feipeng An, Linjie Zhang, Gang Zhao, Shurong Li, Suck Joo Na","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01791-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01791-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influences of different laser beam offsets (LBOs) on the microstructures and mechanical performance of the welded joints were studied. In joints with LBO = +0.3, LBO = 0, and LBO = −0.3, the widths of fusion zones (FZs) are 0.98, 1.03, and 1.21 mm, respectively. Additionally, the equivalent grain diameters in the FZs are measured to be 45.3, 44.1, and 19.6 μm, respectively. The FZ of the joint with LBO = 0 contains β-Ti and Nb solid solution, as well as a small amount of α' phases. The FZ of the joint with LBO = +0.3 mainly consists of Nb solid solution and β-Ti phase. In contrast, the FZ of the joint with LBO = −0.3 is mainly composed of Nb solid solution as well as ω, α′, and α″ phases. The FZ of the joint with LBO = 0 shows the lowest Vickers microhardness (149.2 ± 10.4 HV on average), which decreases by 18.9% and 40.0% when composed with those of joints with LBO = +0.3 and LBO = −0.3. The joint with LBO = 0 is found to have the smoothest transition of the microhardness from the FZ to the base metal, which favors the performance of the joints. The average tensile strength values of joints with LBO = +0.3, LBO = 0, and LBO = −0.3 are separately 318.8 ± 20.6, 315.4 ± 19.7, and 317.9 ± 23.9 MPa. All tensile specimens are fractured on the side of Ti, which suggests the superior tensile performance of the welded joints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 10","pages":"2751 - 2760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiAl joint brazed with Ti-Mn-Fe-Ni-Zr system medium-entropy filler alloy 用 Ti-Mn-Fe-Ni-Zr 系中熵填充合金钎焊的 TiAl 接头的微观结构和力学性能

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01785-7

Zhiliang Zhai, Xinyu Ren, Yonglai Shang, Yaoyong Cheng, Haishui Ren, Huaping Xiong, Yongjuan Jing

{"title":"Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiAl joint brazed with Ti-Mn-Fe-Ni-Zr system medium-entropy filler alloy","authors":"Zhiliang Zhai, Xinyu Ren, Yonglai Shang, Yaoyong Cheng, Haishui Ren, Huaping Xiong, Yongjuan Jing","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01785-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01785-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A five-element medium-entropy filler alloy with composition of Ti-(18 ~ 24)Mn-(12 ~ 18)Fe-(3 ~ 8)Ni-(3 ~ 8)Zr (wt.%) was proposed for vacuum brazing of TiAl-based alloy. The filler alloy was mainly composed of Ti-based solid solution and Ti-(Fe, Mn) compound dissolved with elements of Ni and Zr. The filler alloy ingot was ground into powder and then the filler powder was preset into the V-shaped groove butt joint with a gap of 50 μm. The Ti-Mn-Fe-Ni-Zr brazing alloy showed the liquidus temperature of 1060.1 °C, and also presented excellent wettability on TiAl substrate at 1110 °C for 10 min. The brazed joint mainly consisted of γ-TiAl, α<sub>2</sub>-Ti<sub>3</sub>Al, and residual brazing filler reaction phase. The brazing condition of 1210 °C/45 min exhibited the maximum joint thickness of 308 μm and the maximum area percentage of γ-TiAl phase of 33.77%, with almost elimination of residual brazing filler reaction phase within the joint, and meanwhile offered the maximum room-temperature tensile strength of 418 MPa, 70.85% of the base alloy. The joint fracture showed a mixed mode of intergranular and transgranular fracture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 9","pages":"2511 - 2520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of different regions on fatigue crack growth behavior of 6005-T6 aluminum alloy metal inert gas (MIG) butt welded joint: experimental and numerical study 不同区域对 6005-T6 铝合金金属惰性气体 (MIG) 对焊接头疲劳裂纹生长行为的影响：实验和数值研究

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01788-4

Chao Wang, Bing Yang, Tao Zhu, Shuwei Zhou, Shoune Xiao, Guangwu Yang

引用次数: 0

Comparison of fatigue crack growth design curves on GMAW and EBW joints of high strength steels 高强度钢 GMAW 和 EBW 接头疲劳裂纹增长设计曲线的比较

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01787-5

R. P. S. Sisodia, M. Gáspár, J. Lukács

{"title":"Comparison of fatigue crack growth design curves on GMAW and EBW joints of high strength steels","authors":"R. P. S. Sisodia, M. Gáspár, J. Lukács","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01787-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01787-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a growing demand in the industrial sector for the use of high-strength structural steels (HSSSs), which can achieve a significant weight reduction in structures. These structural steels are usually produced by quenching and tempering (Q + T) or thermomechanical treatment (TM), and their applications in welded structures pose several challenges for the users. In industrial practice, gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is basically the most commonly used fusion welding process, which has a relatively high heat input. However, at HSSSs, there is a need for low heat input but, at the same time, productive welding processes. High-energy density welding processes, e.g., electron beam welding (EBW), offer a unique opportunity to weld these steels. The widespread use of HSSSs is also hampered by the fact that the benefits of high strength can be exploited primarily under static loading. At the same time, different welded structures made of HSSSs are often subjected to cyclic loading, and possible weld defects and material discontinuities are major risks in this case. During our experiments, GMAW and autogenous EBW processes were applied to make welded joints from S960 Q + T and TM structural steels. The fatigue resistance of the welded joints was characterized by fatigue crack growth (FCG) tests, considering the increased crack sensitivity of HSSSs. A statistical approach was followed both in the design of the experiments and in the evaluation of their results. Based on the test results fatigue crack propagation design curves were determined for the investigated GMAW and EBW welded joints. The design curves were compared with each other, with design curves of lower strength material (S690QL) and with the recommended fatigue crack growth laws of BS 7910.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 8","pages":"2167 - 2185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01787-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141063776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced mechanical properties of TZM joint brazed at high temperature using Mo-Ni filler metal with Boron addition 使用添加硼的钼-镍填充金属在高温下钎焊 TZM 接头可提高机械性能

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01783-9

Quanbin Lu, Junlan Huang, Zongye Ding, Dengwen Hu, Gaoming Lu, Weimin Long

{"title":"Enhanced mechanical properties of TZM joint brazed at high temperature using Mo-Ni filler metal with Boron addition","authors":"Quanbin Lu, Junlan Huang, Zongye Ding, Dengwen Hu, Gaoming Lu, Weimin Long","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01783-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01783-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Controlling the growth of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and interfacial structure is crucial to obtaining desirable mechanical properties of the high-temperature brazing joints of titanium-zirconium-molybdenum (TZM) alloy. The effect of B addition on the mechanical properties of the joints and the microstructures in the brazing seam was investigated. The results show that the addition of 1%B enhances significantly the wettability of Mo-45Ni filler metal. The strength of the brazed joint with Mo-45Ni-1B filler metal is 30% higher than that of the joint with Mo-45Ni filler metal. The microstructure of the brazed joint with Mo-45Ni filler metal consisted of TZM/NiMo/eutectic (Mo + NiMo) + NiMo /NiMo/TZM. B addition led to the formation of Mo<sub>2</sub>B intermetallic compounds at the interface between NiMo layer and TZM alloy during heating and the precipitation of faceted Mo<sub>2</sub>B IMCs in the brazing seam during solidification, promoting the brittle-to-ductile fracture transition. This study provides a deep insight into the HT brazing of TZM alloy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 9","pages":"2501 - 2509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monte Carlo simulation of grain growth in heat-affected zone during welding process of cast steel joint and optimization of welding process 铸钢接头焊接过程中热影响区晶粒生长的蒙特卡罗模拟及焊接工艺优化

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01782-w

Haihan Jiao, Hui Jin

{"title":"Monte Carlo simulation of grain growth in heat-affected zone during welding process of cast steel joint and optimization of welding process","authors":"Haihan Jiao, Hui Jin","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01782-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01782-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The final microstructure and mechanical properties of a welded joint are determined by the evolution and crystallization process of grain structure during welding. This study aims to improve the mechanical properties of the weak weld root zone in a G20Mn5 cast steel—Q345 low-alloy steel circular butt weld. The microstructure changes of the weld during the welding process were investigated using metallographic testing combined with Monte Carlo simulation, and suggestions for optimizing the welding process were provided. Firstly, the microstructural assessment of welded cast steel joints was conducted using metallographic and hardness tests. It was clarified that the heat-affected zone at the weld root on the Q345 steel side was the weak zone. Additionally, the relationship between grain size and mechanical properties of the joints was established. A Monte Carlo model was then used to simulate the dynamic recrystallization process and determine the final distribution of grain structure in the heat-affected zone. Finally, the calibrated model was utilized to analyze the impact of different welding processes on grain structure and mechanical properties. The findings indicate that employing a three-pass welding process, incorporating a V-shaped groove on the cast steel side, and dispersing the welding start and stop positions can effectively inhibit grain growth in the heat-affected zone, which provides valuable insights for optimizing the welding process of cast steel welded joints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 10","pages":"2553 - 2566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of continuous drive friction-welded joints of bainitic rail steel 贝氏体钢轨连续驱动摩擦焊接接头的微观结构和机械性能研究

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01780-y

Jiaqi Xie, Han Zhang, Chang’an Li, Zhiming Zhu

{"title":"Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of continuous drive friction-welded joints of bainitic rail steel","authors":"Jiaqi Xie, Han Zhang, Chang’an Li, Zhiming Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01780-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01780-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The U20Mn bainitic rail steel rods with a diameter of 15mm were joined by continuous drive friction welding (CDFW) below the A<sub>1</sub> temperature. The microstructure characteristics of the welded joints without post weld heat treatment (PWHT) were investigated by metallographic observation, scanning electron microscope investigation, and electron backscattered diffraction analysis. Their mechanical properties were evaluated through hardness, tensile, and impact tests. The results show that the welded joints are well-formed without metallurgical defects. They manifest a dense martensitic-bainitic composite phase structure with good mechanical properties attributed to fine-grain and second-phase strengthening effects. The maximum impact energy is 29.2J, with peak hardness increasing to about 124% compared to the base material (BM). Tensile strength reaches 1267±15.1 MPa (102% of BM), and elongation reaches 13.8±0.2% (97% of BM), realizing quasi-equal strength and toughness matching with the BM. These findings provide a basis for the realization of friction welding for bainitic steel rails and the future development of novel rail welding techniques and equipment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 8","pages":"2045 - 2056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140829781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial stabilization of arc discharges in pulsed gas tungsten arc welding 脉冲气体钨极氩弧焊中电弧放电的空间稳定性

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01781-x

Stepan Skripko, Anton Gordynets, Alexey Kiselev, Mikhail Slobodyan

{"title":"Spatial stabilization of arc discharges in pulsed gas tungsten arc welding","authors":"Stepan Skripko, Anton Gordynets, Alexey Kiselev, Mikhail Slobodyan","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the discharge parameters on the initial spatial instability of arcs after their initiation by the non-contact method in single-pulse electrode-negative gas tungsten arc welding. The investigated parameters were the <i>P</i><sub>peak</sub> peak arc pressures, the <i>T</i> durations for achieving the peak arc pressure, and the <i>P</i><sub>final</sub> arc pressures at the end of current pulses. It was found that increasing the current amplitudes from 50 to 200 A enhanced mean both the <i>P</i><sub>peak</sub> values (from 0.25 to 4.00 kPa) and the <i>P</i><sub>final</sub> levels (from 0.16 to 1.72 kPa). Enhancing the electrode diameters from 1.0 to 2.4 mm increased these experimental output parameters from 1.85 to 1.99 kPa and from 0.57 to 1.23 kPa, respectively, while they were decreased from 2.32 to 1.47 kPa and from 1.19 to 0.62 kPa after changing the sharpening angle of their tips from 30° to 90°. The period of the spatial instability of arc discharges was shortened from 14.4 to 5.8 ms by increasing the current amplitudes from 50 to 200 A. However, enhancing the electrode diameters from 1.0 to 2.4 mm increased its duration from 9.2 to 12.0 ms. It was also prolonged from 6.2 to 16.8 ms after changing the sharpening angle of the electrode tips from 30° up to 90°. The shortest duration of the arc stabilization period of 5 ms was observed when using the WL15 non-consumable electrode, while it was the longest (35 ms) for the WP one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 9","pages":"2337 - 2350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140829531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01777-7

Behnam Zorriatolhosseini, Seyyed Ehsan Mirsalehi, Faezeh Shamsi

{"title":"Dissimilar transient liquid phase bonding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy to Inconel 625 superalloy: effect of bonding temperature on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties","authors":"Behnam Zorriatolhosseini, Seyyed Ehsan Mirsalehi, Faezeh Shamsi","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01777-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01777-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigated the effect of bonding temperature on the dissimilar transient liquid phase (TLP)–bonded IN-625/Ti-6Al-4V dissimilar joints using a thin foil of pure copper as the interlayer. The samples were bonded in a vacuum chamber at 900, 930, and 960 °C for 60 min. The results indicated the occurrence of different intermetallic compounds such as Ti<sub>2</sub>Cu, TiCu<sub>2</sub>, TiCu, NiTi, and Ni<sub>3</sub>Ti at different bonding temperatures, and it was concluded that in all the samples, isothermal solidification was accomplished. Maximum shear strength of 278 MPa was achieved at 930 °C. At lower bonding temperatures, the presence of porosities and cracks decreases the shear strength. At higher temperatures, a high-volume percentage of intermetallic compounds embrittled the specimen and reduced its shear strength. The results of scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces revealed the formation of extensive cleavage fracture and river-like patterns in all samples, indicating a brittle failure mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 9","pages":"2485 - 2499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140829535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micro-macro modeling of tensile behavior of a friction stir welded hybrid joint of AlSi10Mg parts produced by powder bed fusion and casting 粉末床熔融和铸造生产的 AlSi10Mg 零件摩擦搅拌焊接混合接头拉伸行为的微观-宏观建模

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9

Aravindh Nammalvar Raja Rajan, Marcel Krochmal, Thomas Wegener, Alexander Hartmaier, Thomas Niendorf, Ghazal Moeini

{"title":"Micro-macro modeling of tensile behavior of a friction stir welded hybrid joint of AlSi10Mg parts produced by powder bed fusion and casting","authors":"Aravindh Nammalvar Raja Rajan, Marcel Krochmal, Thomas Wegener, Alexander Hartmaier, Thomas Niendorf, Ghazal Moeini","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained considerable interest due to its ability to produce lightweight parts with hierarchical microstructures. However, the current constraints on the build chamber size in powder-bed fusion type AM processes limit its industrial application. A hybrid welded joint, consisting of an AM-processed and a conventionally manufactured part, can be employed to produce larger components. Due to the varying processing conditions, these hybrid welded joints contain a wide range of microstructural heterogeneities, which influences the mechanical properties of the joint. Using a numerical model to predict the mechanical behavior of welded joints by considering the microstructural variations is essential for the safe and reliable implementation of hybrid welded joints. This study aims to predict the local tensile behavior of each region of a hybrid friction-stir welded joint of AlSi10Mg produced by laser-based powder bed fusion and casting using a microstructure-sensitive model as well as the global tensile behavior by considering the properties of each region using a joint macroscopic model. The results from this modeling approach agree well with the experimental results. Therefore, this method can predict the mechanical behavior of hybrid welded joints and can establish the structure–property relationship in each weld region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"68 7","pages":"1693 - 1705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01775-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140810663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0