Development of a carbon equivalent formula for underwater wet welding

IF 2.4 4区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Leandro Vaccari, Jan Klett, Thomas Scheithauer, Thomas Hassel, Hans Jürgen Maier
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Steel structures play a vital role in the marine industry for application in ships, platforms, wind turbines, bridges, or pipelines. This leads to challenges if parts made from higher strength steels have to be repaired underwater. Underwater wet welding is the most common underwater repair method and highly prone to hydrogen-assisted cold cracking, especially in higher strength steels. A common method to access this risk in dry welding is based on the calculation of the carbon equivalent (e.g., CE or CET) representing the behavior of the parent metal based on its composition. However, these formulas were not specifically developed for wet welding conditions, and the applicability of these formulas on the special requirements of wet weldments has not been validated. In the present study, the effectiveness of existing CE formulas for underwater wet welding was evaluated. It is demonstrated that the conventional approaches designed for conventional welding under dry atmospheric conditions are hardly applicable to underwater wet welding. Based on comprehensive experimental data, a mathematical model leading to improved hardness and CE formulas dedicated to underwater wet welding was developed. The new formulas demonstrated greater efficiency in predicting hardness and carbon equivalent within the analyzed data, when compared to the existing formulas used for welding under dry atmospheric conditions.

水下湿焊碳当量公式的建立
钢结构在船舶、平台、风力涡轮机、桥梁或管道中发挥着至关重要的作用。如果由高强度钢制成的部件必须在水下修复,这就会带来挑战。水下湿焊是最常见的水下修复方法,但极易产生氢辅助冷裂纹,特别是在高强度钢中。在干式焊接中,一种常见的方法是基于碳当量(例如,CE或CET)的计算,根据其成分代表母金属的行为。然而,这些公式并不是专门针对湿焊条件开发的,这些公式在湿焊特殊要求上的适用性还没有得到验证。在本研究中,评估了现有的CE公式在水下湿焊中的有效性。研究表明,为干燥大气条件下的常规焊接设计的常规焊接方法很难适用于水下湿法焊接。在综合实验数据的基础上,建立了提高水下湿焊硬度的数学模型和CE计算公式。与用于干燥大气条件下焊接的现有公式相比,新公式在预测分析数据中的硬度和碳当量方面表现出更高的效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Welding in the World
Welding in the World METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
14.30%
发文量
181
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal Welding in the World publishes authoritative papers on every aspect of materials joining, including welding, brazing, soldering, cutting, thermal spraying and allied joining and fabrication techniques.
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