Welding in the World最新文献_第5页

Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion brazed boron carbide ceramics with Ni–Cr-Si-Fe-B-C filler alloy Ni-Cr-Si-Fe-B-C填充合金扩散钎焊碳化硼陶瓷的显微组织和力学性能研究

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01912-4

A. Amirnasiri, S. E. Mirsalehi

{"title":"Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion brazed boron carbide ceramics with Ni–Cr-Si-Fe-B-C filler alloy","authors":"A. Amirnasiri, S. E. Mirsalehi","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01912-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01912-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the mechanical properties and microstructure of boron carbide ceramic joints with Ni–Cr-Si-Fe-B-C filler, using vacuum diffusion brazing at temperatures from 1363 to 1423 K. The results of shear strength tests showed a 43.8% increase (from 39.44 to 56.73 MPa) as the temperature rose from 1363 to 1383 K, a 22.8% increase (from 56.73 to 69.56 MPa) from 1383 to 1403 K, and a 10.9% decrease (from 69.56 to 61.92 MPa) from 1403 to 1423 K. The sample brazed at 1403 K for 30 min showed the highest shear strength of 69.56 MPa. This increased strength is due to the higher fluidity of the molten filler alloy and enhanced interactions in the ceramic–metal system at elevated temperatures. The joint interface, interfacial phenomena, fracture surface, hardness, microstructure, and phases in different samples were analyzed. Fractography results indicate that shear strengths correlate with the ratio of removed areas from the ceramic on the fracture surface. The boron carbide part exhibited a mixed mode of brittle fracture. Successful joining and good strength at low temperatures are attributed to compounds like Fe<sub>2</sub>B, SiC, and Ni<sub>4</sub>B<sub>3</sub>. Higher temperature samples showed stronger peaks of these compounds and chromium borides, contributing to the higher strength observed. The study also reveals consistent results in the diffusion pattern of elements, elemental analyses, hardness values, and phases formed at the fracture surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 6","pages":"1645 - 1662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of process prediction models for hot-wire laser metal deposition using transfer learning strategies based on simulation datasets 基于仿真数据集的迁移学习策略优化热线激光金属沉积工艺预测模型

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01921-3

Chunkai Li, Yu Pan, Yu Shi, Wenkai Wang

引用次数: 0

Mechanized HFMI for improved fatigue life in complex weld shapes 机械化HFMI提高了复杂焊缝形状的疲劳寿命

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01907-1

T. Stenberg, G. Hultgren, Y. Banno, Z. Barsoum

{"title":"Mechanized HFMI for improved fatigue life in complex weld shapes","authors":"T. Stenberg, G. Hultgren, Y. Banno, Z. Barsoum","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01907-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01907-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the implementation of mechanized high-frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) treatments to enhance the fatigue life of complex welded structures. Digital visual inspection and path planning are utilized through digital laser scanning system to automate the HFMI process for more complex weld shapes in S355 steel grade, such as circular weld seams, which are more challenging to treat consistently. The mechanized HFMI setup was calibrated to ensure precise alignment and consistent application of the HFMI tool along the weld toe line. Finite element analysis was used to simulate the HFMI process, focusing on the effects of multi-pass HFMI treatments and optimizing treatment parameters. The simulations identified fatigue initiation sites which were confirmed with the mechanized HFMI treated specimens. Fatigue testing of both as-welded and HFMI-treated samples was conducted, revealing significant improvements in fatigue strength for the HFMI-treated specimens, which is in line with IIW recommendations. The fatigue test results were also compared with previous testing of manually treated samples. It was concluded that the fatigue life scatter, expressed in log C (load capacity), resulted in a smaller standard deviation for the mechanically HFMI-treated samples than the manually treated samples. Geometric measurements from laser scanning post-HFMI treatment also indicated reduced scatter in weld toe radius and HFMI groove depth compared to manual treatments, demonstrating the robustness and consistency of the mechanized process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"643 - 655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01907-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatigue behavior of welded joints of a Ni–Fe-based superalloy ni - fe基高温合金焊接接头的疲劳行为

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01909-z

Xin Huang, Hongyu Qi, Shaolin Li, Xiaoguang Yang, Duoqi Shi

引用次数: 0

Resistance spot welding of die-cast and wrought aluminum alloys: Improving weld spot quality through parameter optimization 压铸铝合金和变形铝合金的电阻点焊：通过参数优化提高焊点质量

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01901-7

M. Epperlein, A. Schiebahn, U. Reisgen

{"title":"Resistance spot welding of die-cast and wrought aluminum alloys: Improving weld spot quality through parameter optimization","authors":"M. Epperlein, A. Schiebahn, U. Reisgen","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01901-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01901-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Welding aluminum castings is known for a high sensitivity for hydrogen-induced weld porosity. Research has shown that the porosity detected in mixed material resistance spot welds between die-cast and wrought aluminum is predominantly classified as solidification porosity. But, nugget penetration depths into the wrought aluminum alloy are low. In this work, the effect of a forging electrode force during welding current time <i>t</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> or after the welding current is shut off on weld spot characteristics is investigated, when resistance spot welding (RSW) mixed material joints between EN AC-43500-T6/T7 and EN AW-6082-T6. A current cut-off test based on a welding profile according to VDA 238–401 reveals a welding current time <i>t</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> between 60 ms ≤ <i>t</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 80 ms as relevant for porosity detection in cross-section analysis. Based on this, different welding profiles are tested, and resulting weld spot characteristics are analyzed when applying chisel tests, cross-section analysis, quasi-static shear tensile tests, and scanning electron microscopy. The application of a forging electrode force reduces weld spot porosity in RSW significantly, while a current downslope leads to an increase. Further, the application of a forging electrode force during welding current time leads to a significant decrease in the standard deviation of <i>s</i> = 1.07 kN to <i>s</i> = 0.08 kN in shear tension force, although the mean shear tension force is increased marginally from 7.07 kN to 7.15 kN. Yet, an increase in weld penetration depth ≥ 20% into EN AW-6082-T6 is only achieved when reducing the initial electrode force to 5 kN and initiating forging electrode force during <i>t</i><sub><i>i</i></sub>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 2","pages":"531 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01901-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significance of fracture toughness for linear friction welded joint of weathering steel 耐候钢线摩擦焊接接头断裂韧性的意义

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01890-7

Kazuma Shimizu, Shota Nakayama, Hiroto Shoji, Takumi Kawakubo, Tomoya Nagira, Mitsuru Ohata, Hidetoshi Fujii

{"title":"Significance of fracture toughness for linear friction welded joint of weathering steel","authors":"Kazuma Shimizu, Shota Nakayama, Hiroto Shoji, Takumi Kawakubo, Tomoya Nagira, Mitsuru Ohata, Hidetoshi Fujii","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01890-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01890-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examined the characteristics and significance of fracture toughness for LFW (linear friction welding) joints of weathering steel SPA-H processed under different joining conditions to control maximum temperature during LFW process. Two types of LFW joint were prepared; one was jointed under higher compressive pressure so as a maximum temperature during LFW process to be lower than the A<sub>1</sub>-transformation temperature (A1-LFW), and the other was jointed under lower compressive pressure to be higher than the A<sub>3</sub>-transformation temperature (A3-LFW). The fracture toughness of both joints where a crack was located at the joint interface exhibited a higher value than that of the heat-affected zone of MAG (metal active gas) welds for the same steel. These results indicated that the LFW was more effective for the joining of weathering steel compared with conventional arc welding in terms of fracture toughness. However, A1-LFW exhibited lower fracture toughness (critical CTOD) than that of base metal or A3-LFW. Thus, the significance of the test results was discussed from mechanical and metallurgical viewpoints. The fracture toughness for A1-LFW found to be deteriorated due to work hardening associated with compressive plastic straining during LFW under higher compressive pressure, where the metal heated under A<sub>1</sub>-temperature was not completely ejected by friction but remained around the joint interface. On the other hand, the deterioration of fracture toughness for A3-LFW was found to be caused by hardening due to bainitic transformation near the joint interface, whereas the narrowness of the hardened region provided a little bit higher toughness than the intrinsic toughness of the transformed phase due to plastic constraint loss.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"739 - 750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01890-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructural insights into the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of a high-strength all-weld metal: Development of a continuous cooling transformation diagram 高强度全焊接金属粗晶粒热影响区的微观结构研究：连续冷却转变图的绘制

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01904-4

Daniel Schrittwieser, David Marin Morales, Hannes Pahr, Lea Andrea Lumper, Oleksandr Glushko, Ronald Schnitzer

{"title":"Microstructural insights into the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of a high-strength all-weld metal: Development of a continuous cooling transformation diagram","authors":"Daniel Schrittwieser, David Marin Morales, Hannes Pahr, Lea Andrea Lumper, Oleksandr Glushko, Ronald Schnitzer","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01904-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01904-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study deals with the development of a continuous cooling transformation diagram corresponding to the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of a high-strength all-weld metal with a minimum yield strength of 1100 MPa fabricated via gas metal arc welding. Dilatometry tests were conducted to determine the transition temperatures. High-resolution imaging methods, such as transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography, as well as nanoindentation, were employed to resolve the microstructural constituents. At fast cooling rates (<i>t</i><sub>8/5</sub> from 1.4 to 25 s), the microstructure comprises a mixture of martensite and coalesced bainite, with a slight increase in the content of coalesced bainite with faster cooling. This demonstrates that coalesced bainite cannot be avoided in the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of the current alloy by increasing the cooling rate. With slower cooling (<i>t</i><sub>8/5</sub> ≥ 50 s), the microstructure becomes increasingly bainitic, accompanied by a marginal drop in Vickers hardness. At <i>t</i><sub>8/5</sub> times of 500 s and 1000 s, the all-weld metal consists of granular bainite with significant amounts of retained austenite and different shaped martensite-austenite constituents. The coarser massive-type constituents contain body-centered cubic grains, sized in the hundreds of nanometers, with a hardness approximately twice as high as that of the surrounding bainitic matrix.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"813 - 823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01904-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results of the JaCo project: fatigue strength of robot-welded tubular joints for offshore wind energy converters JaCo项目成果：海上风能变流器机器人焊接管接头的疲劳强度

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01903-5

P. Thibaux, J. Van Wittenberghe, W. Fricke, M. Thiele, L. P. Nielsen, F. Conti

{"title":"Results of the JaCo project: fatigue strength of robot-welded tubular joints for offshore wind energy converters","authors":"P. Thibaux, J. Van Wittenberghe, W. Fricke, M. Thiele, L. P. Nielsen, F. Conti","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01903-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01903-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jacket foundations are lattice-like structures, whose assembly requires the welding of a large number of tubular joints. Such foundations type is suitable to support wind energy converters in deeper water with large turbine size. In order to increase the production speed and its quality, robot systems were developed to produce tubular joints. As fatigue is dominating the design of these structures, an assessment of the performance of tubular joints produced by four different robots was performed and compared with the performance of manually welded joints. In total, 18 large-scale tests were performed on joints with dimensions representative for offshore structures, which were produced in industrial environment. Almost all breakthrough cracks occurred through the chord, with cracks initiated at the weld toe, although in some cases cracks were also initiated and propagated between weld beads. Strain measurements have demonstrated that when multiple cracks are present in one specimen, they interact only in the last phase of the fatigue life, when they are so large that they affect the stiffness of the tubular components. The measured fatigue strengths of joints produced by robot were similar or higher than the T-curve of DNV-RP-C203. Two fabricators delivered components of which the fatigue strength was more than 20% higher than the standard curve. These results emphasize that mastering the welding process with robots is necessary to achieve superior levels of fatigue strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"619 - 632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical simulation-based analysis of multipass welding in S500 shipbuilding steel 基于物理仿真的S500船用钢多道次焊接分析

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01908-0

M. Gáspár, J. Kovács, J. Sainio, H. Tervo, V. Javaheri, A. Kaijalainen

{"title":"Physical simulation-based analysis of multipass welding in S500 shipbuilding steel","authors":"M. Gáspár, J. Kovács, J. Sainio, H. Tervo, V. Javaheri, A. Kaijalainen","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01908-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01908-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Novel generations of shipbuilding steels have outstanding toughness due to the improved steel producing processes. Their microstructure mainly consists of ferrite and bainite, while the presence of acicular ferrite has a role in high impact energy of the welded joint. This research aims to analyze the effect of multipass welding on weld characteristics of S500 shipbuilding steel. A Gleeble 3500 simulator machine is used to produce the welding thermal cycles by the Rykalin-3D model on 70 <span>(times)</span> 10 <span>(times)</span> 10 mm samples manufactured in transversal direction from a submerged arc welded joint of 16 mm plate. Temperatures for the simulations were set at 1350 °C for the coarse-grained zone forming in the weld metal (CGHAZ-W), 815 °C for the intercritical zone (ICHAZ-W), and a combination of these peak temperatures for the intercritically reheated coarse-grained zone (ICCGHAZ-W). The examined t<sub>8/5</sub> interval was 5–30 s. The weld properties were examined by microstructural examination, hardness test, and instrumented Charpy V-notch impact toughness test. The impact energy values of subzones were below the unaffected weld metal. Longer cooling time resulted in lower impact energy in ICHAZ-W. However, this tendency was not observed in CGHAZ-W. ICHAZ-W and ICCGHAZ-W resulted in the lowest impact toughness, which was indicated by the large unstable crack propagation. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"825 - 836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-024-01908-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applicability of fatigue design recommendations for thin plate welded joints by assessment of fatigue crack initiation and propagation life 通过疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展寿命评估薄板焊接接头疲劳设计建议的适用性

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01891-6

Sohei Kanna, Masahiro Takanashi

{"title":"Applicability of fatigue design recommendations for thin plate welded joints by assessment of fatigue crack initiation and propagation life","authors":"Sohei Kanna, Masahiro Takanashi","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01891-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01891-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fatigue design guidelines for welded joints are mainly derived from tests on joints with a thickness of approximately 10 mm. As thickness increases, fatigue strength typically declines, likely due to greater stress concentration or changes in stress distribution. Consequently, these guidelines adjust fatigue strength downward for thicker joints. However, for thinner plates, such as those frequently used in railway cars, test data is limited, making it uncertain whether the guidelines are applicable. This study performed a 4-point bending fatigue test on a 3 mm thick fillet-welded joint to evaluate fatigue strength. Contrary to expectations, reducing the thickness from 9 to 3 mm resulted in a decrease in fatigue strength. Nevertheless, the test results indicated a higher fatigue strength than the recommended value, supporting the applicability of the guidelines to joints with a 3 mm thickness. The study also examined the factors contributing to reduced fatigue strength in thin plates, focusing on the relationship between the number of cycles to crack initiation, local stress range, and crack growth analysis using Paris' law. It was observed that as the thickness decreases, the stress concentration at the weld toe reduces, and the number of cycles to crack initiation increases. However, the decrease in ligament length leads to a shorter crack propagation life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"589 - 604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0