Welding in the World最新文献_第4页

Effect of heat treatment parameters on SLM-fabricated GNPs/IN718 composites: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties 热处理参数对slm制备GNPs/IN718复合材料的影响：组织演变和力学性能

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01958-y

Yang Chu, Haichuan Shi, Peilei Zhang, Boyu Wang, Zhishui Yu, Hua Yan, Qinghua Lu, Kaichang Yu, Zhaolong Li, Yu Lei

{"title":"Effect of heat treatment parameters on SLM-fabricated GNPs/IN718 composites: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties","authors":"Yang Chu, Haichuan Shi, Peilei Zhang, Boyu Wang, Zhishui Yu, Hua Yan, Qinghua Lu, Kaichang Yu, Zhaolong Li, Yu Lei","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01958-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01958-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper systematically investigated the effects of solution and solution aging treatments on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of selective laser melting (SLM) graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)–reinforced Inconel 718 (IN718) composites. The selective orientation of the grains in the heat-treated SLMed GNPs/IN718 composites gradually disappeared, and the changes in the morphology and precipitation phases of the grains were systematically investigated. Results show that the solution treatment eliminated the dendritic and cellular crystal structure within the composite, while also producing a large number of white carbide particles. The mechanical properties of the composites decreased with increasing temperature after the solution treatment. Solution aging treatments eliminate elemental segregation, precipitate a large number of γ″-strengthened phases, and improve the materials’ tensile strength and wear resistance. Notable changes were observed compared with the untreated specimens. The hardness and tensile strength exhibited respective increases of 26.4% and 1.5%. Conversely, the elongation was reduced by 14%. Moreover, the average coefficient of friction and weight loss dropped by 6.89% and 18.78%, respectively. In the friction test, GNPs act as a lubricating phase, resulting in a significant increase in the friction wear performance of the composite. The heat treatment process releases residual stresses within the composite and improves the internal anisotropy of the material. This work is expected to provide a potential pathway to obtaining attractive mechanical properties for nickel-based superalloy components.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 4","pages":"1103 - 1121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-025-01958-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure and properties of SnBiIn low-melting point solder doped with Ag particles 掺银SnBiIn低熔点焊料的组织与性能

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-024-01918-y

Zheng Liu, Haodong Wu, Li Yang, Yaocheng Zhang, Yu Zhang, Yucong He

{"title":"Microstructure and properties of SnBiIn low-melting point solder doped with Ag particles","authors":"Zheng Liu, Haodong Wu, Li Yang, Yaocheng Zhang, Yu Zhang, Yucong He","doi":"10.1007/s40194-024-01918-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-024-01918-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, a SnBiIn solder alloy with a low-melting point was prepared. The effects of Ag particles on the wettability, thermal properties, microstructure, interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer, and tensile properties of the SnBiIn solder alloy were investigated. The results show that the melting point of the SnBiIn alloy is about 85 ℃, and it is not changed by Ag particles. After adding Ag particles, the wettability of the solder alloy was improved, and 2.0 wt.% Ag particles could effectively reduce the average wetting angle from 43.9° to 35.0° and increase the spreading area from 53.6 to 68.1 mm<sup>2</sup>. The Ag<sub>2</sub>In IMC was formed in the microstructure, the microstructure of the solder alloy was refined, and the growth of interfacial IMC was inhibited. When the content of Ag is 3.0 wt.%, Bi-rich phase appears in the solder alloy, and the microstructure of the solder alloy is coarsened. The tensile strength of the SnBiIn solder alloy has also been improved, and 2.0 wt.% Ag particles can increase the tensile strength of the SnBiIn solder alloy from 41.71 to 58.90 MPa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 6","pages":"1663 - 1672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving out-of-distribution generalization for online weld expulsion inspection using physics-informed neural networks 利用物理信息神经网络改进在线焊缝排除检测的分布外泛化

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01950-6

Yu-Jun Xia, Qiang Song, BenGang Yi, TianLe Lyu, ZhiQiang Sun, YongBing Li

{"title":"Improving out-of-distribution generalization for online weld expulsion inspection using physics-informed neural networks","authors":"Yu-Jun Xia, Qiang Song, BenGang Yi, TianLe Lyu, ZhiQiang Sun, YongBing Li","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01950-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01950-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Weld expulsion is one of the most common welding defects during the resistance spot welding (RSW) process. It is desired that the expulsion intensity to be inspected online via in-process sensing signals and machine learning methods so as to control and eventually eliminate weld expulsion in production. However, conventional machine learning methods struggle with out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Their performance would significantly deteriorate when there is a deviation between the distribution of test data and training data. In this study, by incorporating a specially designed autoencoder and physical constraints, a new approach using physics-informed neural networks (PINN) successfully integrates domain knowledge from welding physics to enhance the generalization performance. The results showed that the new method exhibits improved generalization capability to OOD data, allowing accurate prediction of weld expulsion intensity even under abnormal welding conditions such as electrode wear. Compared to traditional methods, the new approach achieves a 60% increase in accuracy, making it suitable for addressing the issue of lacking labeled data and uncertainty disturbances of welding conditions in mass production. This study provides new ideas for the application of PINN in monitoring and control of the welding process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 5","pages":"1309 - 1322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applicable and generalizable machine learning for intelligent welding in automotive manufacturing 适用于汽车制造中智能焊接的通用机器学习

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01951-5

Peng Edward Wang, Hassan Ghassemi-Armaki, Masoud Pour, Xijia Zhao, Junjie Ma, Kianoosh Sattari, Blair Carlson

{"title":"Applicable and generalizable machine learning for intelligent welding in automotive manufacturing","authors":"Peng Edward Wang, Hassan Ghassemi-Armaki, Masoud Pour, Xijia Zhao, Junjie Ma, Kianoosh Sattari, Blair Carlson","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01951-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01951-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review paper examines the application and challenges of machine learning (ML) in intelligent welding processes within the automotive industry, focusing on resistance spot welding (RSW) and laser welding. RSW is predominant in body-in-white assembly, while laser welding is critical for electric vehicle battery packs due to its precision and compatibility with dissimilar materials. The paper categorizes ML applications into three key areas: sensing, in-process decision-making, and post-process optimization. It reviews supervised learning models for defect detection and weld quality prediction, unsupervised learning for feature extraction and data clustering, and emerging generalizable ML approaches like transfer learning and federated learning that enhance adaptability across different manufacturing conditions. Additionally, the paper highlights the limitations of current ML models, particularly regarding generalizability when moving from lab environments to real-world production, and discusses the importance of adaptive learning techniques to address dynamically changing conditions. Case studies like virtual sensing, defect detection in RSW, and optimization in laser welding illustrate practical applications. The paper concludes by identifying future research directions to improve ML adaptability and robustness in high-variability manufacturing environments, aiming to bridge the gap between experimental ML models and real-world implementation in automotive welding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 5","pages":"1349 - 1384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-025-01951-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of process parameters on residual stress in laser metal deposition of nickel-based superalloy 工艺参数对镍基高温合金激光金属沉积残余应力的影响

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01940-8

Maohong Yang, Guiyi Wu, Xiangwei Li, Ruiyao Zhang, Shuyan Zhang, Honghong Wang, Illiashenko Yevhenii

{"title":"Influence of process parameters on residual stress in laser metal deposition of nickel-based superalloy","authors":"Maohong Yang, Guiyi Wu, Xiangwei Li, Ruiyao Zhang, Shuyan Zhang, Honghong Wang, Illiashenko Yevhenii","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01940-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01940-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper studied the impac t of process parameters in laser metal deposition on distribution and magnitude of residual stresses. A finite element method was used to create a residual stress model with parameters as variables. The study used a Taguchi L32 experimental design, with four levels for each parameter, and analyzed residual stresses along critical paths using quadratic functions. The results reveal that the impact of process parameters varies across different regions of the component. Melt pool size primarily affects the location of maximum residual stresses at the interface between the substrate and the deposited layer. Deposition length affects the concentration of residual stresses at the center of the interface between the substrate and the deposited layer. Substrate thickness has a substantial impact on residual stresses. Scanning strategy influences residual stresses at the edges of the upper surface of the deposited layer. Boundary conditions and yield strength affect residual stresses in various regions of the deposited layer. The coefficient of thermal expansion influences residual stresses at the interface between the base material and the deposited layer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 4","pages":"1057 - 1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-025-01940-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control of DE-GMAW through human–robot collaboration 基于人机协作的DE-GMAW控制

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01954-2

Yue Cao, YuMing Zhang

{"title":"Control of DE-GMAW through human–robot collaboration","authors":"Yue Cao, YuMing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01954-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01954-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Double-electrode gas metal arc welding (DE-GMAW) modifies conventional gas metal arc welding (GMAW) by adding a second electrode, allowing part of the current to flow directly from the wire back to the power supply. This configuration reduces the current flowing to the workpiece compared to that at the wire, and this reduction is freely controllable. This unique ability to separately control mass and heat input is particularly advantageous for applications requiring flexible heat management, such as additive manufacturing. In this innovative process, the positioning of the bypass electrode relative to the wire tip is critical for maintaining a stable arc and optimal metal transfer; however, designing an effective positioning rule can be tedious and challenging. A general solution is human–robot collaboration (HRC), which enables humans to directly operate robots and serves as real-time optimizers that can quickly develop effective rules through a few trials. Additionally, HRC allows for learning from human operation data to fully automate these rules. In this work, we designed a dual-robot HRC system that enables operators to make stable, real-time adjustments to electrode positions with ease. The HRC system incorporates a virtual reality (VR) environment, providing immersive, real-time process visualization to assist operators in accurately and safely perceiving the welding state. Efficient teleoperation of DE-GMAW is achieved by integrating high-quality camera visuals and precise robotic execution into a VR environment, eliminating hazards associated with on-site manual welding, such as welding fumes, arc radiation, and electric shock, while enhancing observation and operational accuracy. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the system’s capability to support fast and precise human adjustments, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed system in implementing DE-GMAW. Furthermore, full automation provides a pathway for transitioning DE-GMAW into manufacturing applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 5","pages":"1459 - 1468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the impact of isothermal hardening on the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of welded joints on Hardox Extreme steel 等温淬火对 Hardox Extreme 钢焊接接头机械性能和耐磨性的影响分析

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01948-0

Martyna Zemlik, Łukasz Konat, Beata Białobrzeska, Paweł Skoczylas, Krzysztof Jamroziak

{"title":"Analysis of the impact of isothermal hardening on the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of welded joints on Hardox Extreme steel","authors":"Martyna Zemlik, Łukasz Konat, Beata Białobrzeska, Paweł Skoczylas, Krzysztof Jamroziak","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01948-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01948-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The object of the research reported in this study was a welded joint of Hardox Extreme steel, made using submerged arc welding (SAW) and subjected to thermal treatments involving isothermal hardening in various temperature–time variants. This treatment serves as an alternative to conventional hardening, enabling the achievement of high mechanical indices in selected cases due to the formation of fine-lath martensite or lower bainite microstructures. Heat-treated joints were analyzed macro- and microstructurally using stereoscopic, light (LM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study also determined selected mechanical properties, such as hardness, tensile strength, relative elongation, and reduction of area at break, as well as impact toughness at ambient and reduced temperatures. A separate section was dedicated to characterizing abrasion resistance in the presence of loose abrasive, along with determining the relationship between this parameter and the identified mechanical characteristics. Based on the analysis of the microphotographic images obtained, the main wear mechanisms were also characterized. The analysis of the results allowed the conclusion that in the case of isothermal hardening, the factor determining the obtained microstructural and mechanical properties is the temperature of the performed thermal operations. Furthermore, after the conducted thermal treatments, the parameters characterizing the ductility of the welded joint improved by several percent compared to the state immediately after welding. Therefore, the main goal of the technological operations conducted on welded joints of high-strength steels can be defined as improving ductility, which is justified in applications considering alternatives even to structural steels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"793 - 812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of process parameters on the crystallographic orientation and elemental segregation behavior of a novel Ni-based superalloy in laser additive manufacturing 工艺参数对激光增材制造中新型镍基超合金晶体取向和元素偏析行为的影响

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01947-1

Lei Yao, Lianqi Shang, Shaofeng Chen, Liang Cao, Jingjing Liang

{"title":"Effects of process parameters on the crystallographic orientation and elemental segregation behavior of a novel Ni-based superalloy in laser additive manufacturing","authors":"Lei Yao, Lianqi Shang, Shaofeng Chen, Liang Cao, Jingjing Liang","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01947-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01947-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of process parameters of DED technology on elemental segregation and crystallographic orientation of alloys was investigated. The results show that the degree of elemental segregation decreases with the increase of scanning rate, and the degree of segregation rather increases with the increase of deposition height. The microstructure of all specimens consists mostly of columnar grains grown epitaxially along the build direction, showing a clear [001] orientation. The increase in scanning rate weakens the effect of epitaxial growth of crystals, leading to a significant weakening of the strength of the weave in the [001] direction texture. In addition, the actual growth direction of the dendrites is not strictly parallel to the building direction, but is tilted towards the laser scanning direction, resulting in a large deflection angle from the building direction. Based on the synergistic effect of the local temperature gradient and the optimal grain orientation, a composite temperature gradient model is established in combination with the numerical simulation of the temperature field, which reasonably explains this phenomenon. The fundamental reason for the deflection of the dendrite growth direction is that the direction of the composite temperature gradient deviates from the build direction, and the transverse temperature gradient is larger after the scanning rate is increased, resulting in a larger deflection angle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 4","pages":"1073 - 1085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-025-01947-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formulation for evaluating tensile strength of girth weld joint of linepipe with softened HAZ under internal pressure 内压软化热影响区管线环焊缝抗拉强度评定公式

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01941-7

S. Onuki, M. Mitsuya, M. Ohata

{"title":"Formulation for evaluating tensile strength of girth weld joint of linepipe with softened HAZ under internal pressure","authors":"S. Onuki, M. Mitsuya, M. Ohata","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01941-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01941-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Buried gas pipeline is subjected to a large axial load due to earthquake-induced ground flow. The deformability of the pipeline depends on the strength of the girth weld joint. Since the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of tempered steels is locally softened due to the heat input of girth welding, the strength of the girth weld may be affected by softened HAZ. In addition, as for gas pipeline, the effect of internal pressure on the strength of the girth weld joint should be considered. Therefore, this paper proposes a tensile strength evaluation formula for girth weld joint with softened HAZ under internal pressure. The formula is developed by modifying the existing tensile strength evaluation formula of the wide plate of weld joint with softened HAZ, considering the effect of internal pressure using the elastoplastic finite element analysis. In this modification, the effect of both internal pressures on the apparent tensile strength of pipe material and the shrinkage behaviour of pipe material are focused on. Furthermore, the validity of the modified formula is demonstrated by conducting full-scale pipe tension tests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"781 - 792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of resistance to gaseous hydrogen of a longitudinal weld seam in a X65 pipeline using the hollow specimen technique 利用空心试样技术研究 X65 管道纵向焊缝的抗气态氢性能

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Welding in the World Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s40194-025-01953-3

Florian Konert, Jonathan Nietzke, Tomás Freitas, Michael Rhode, Oded Sobol, Thomas Böllinghaus

{"title":"Investigation of resistance to gaseous hydrogen of a longitudinal weld seam in a X65 pipeline using the hollow specimen technique","authors":"Florian Konert, Jonathan Nietzke, Tomás Freitas, Michael Rhode, Oded Sobol, Thomas Böllinghaus","doi":"10.1007/s40194-025-01953-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40194-025-01953-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The constantly increasing demand for renewable energy sources leads to the necessity of transporting large amounts of hydrogen. Since pipelines enable a cost-effective way for the distribution of gaseous hydrogen, the interaction of hydrogen and the pipeline materials must be carefully investigated as hydrogen can cause a degradation of the mechanical properties under certain conditions. Especially welds, which are assumed to be more susceptible to the degradation enhanced by hydrogen, are of great interest. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gaseous hydrogen on the mechanical properties of an X65 pipeline, and the longitudinal submerged arc welding (SAW) welded joint. The tests are conducted using the hollow specimen technique on two types of specimens: one extracted from the base material (BM) and the other extracted as a cross-weld (CW) specimen consisting of BM and weld seam. The specimens are charged in situ under a pressure of 60 bar and tested using slow strain rate (SSR) tensile tests with a nominal strain rate of 10<sup>−5</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The properties obtained of specimens tested in hydrogen atmosphere are compared to the properties of comparable specimen in inert argon atmosphere as a reference. The performed tests showed a decrease of the reduction of area (RA) from 72% in inert atmosphere to 52% in hydrogen atmosphere for the CW specimen and a decrease from 73% in inert atmosphere to 51% for the BM. Metallographic analyses showed the crack initiation between fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) and BM for the specimens tested in hydrogen atmosphere as well as for the reference specimens. This leads to the conclusion that the location of the crack initiation does not change due to the presence of gaseous hydrogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":809,"journal":{"name":"Welding in the World","volume":"69 3","pages":"861 - 870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40194-025-01953-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0