Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Hospital-cyclotrons production of high-purity ¹⁵⁵Tb via ¹⁵⁵Gd(p,n).","authors":"Francesca Barbaro, Luciano Canton, Nikolay Uzunov, Laura De Nardo, Laura Meléndez-Alafort","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Terbium radionuclides are gaining prominence in theranostics, with ¹⁵⁵Tb emerging as promising SPECT imaging agent due to its γ emissions (87 keV, 32%; 105 keV, 25%) and favorable half-life (T_1/2=5.32 days), allowing extended biodistribution monitoring. However, efficient production via hospital cyclotrons is challenging, particularly in reducing ¹⁵⁶Tb contamination, which affects image quality and increases patient dose. This study investigates the ¹⁵⁵Gd(p,n)¹⁵⁵Tb reaction, highlighting the importance of ¹⁵⁵Gd target enrichment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"112026"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient adsorption of 152+154Eu(III) by surfactant modified mg/al layered double hydroxide","authors":"Ahmed.H.A. Harb,&nbsp;Ahmed.M. Elewa,&nbsp;Reda.R. Sheha,&nbsp;Hanan.H. Someda,&nbsp;Mamdoh.R. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The remediation of radioactive liquid waste, particularly those containing complexing ligands, remains a critical environmental challenge. In this study, magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxides (Mg/Al-LDHs) were modified via a one-pot synthesis using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to enhance their adsorption performance toward Eu-EDTA anionic complexes, a model radionuclide contaminant. The modified LDH materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TGA/DTA to assess their structural, morphological, and thermal properties. Adsorption experiments revealed that 90 % of Eu-EDTA was removed within 60 min, reaching equilibrium after 180 min. The adsorption capacity increased by 50 % post-modification, achieving a maximum of 36.6 mg g⁻¹ for ^152+154Eu. Kinetic data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model, while the Langmuir isotherm best described the equilibrium behavior. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. These findings demonstrate that CTAB-modified LDH is a promising material for the efficient removal of anionic radionuclide complexes from aqueous solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112054"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3D-printed device for separating short-lived radioisotopes from target ions.","authors":"Go Kagawa, Yumi Sugo, Tomotaka Tachibana, Ouju Nogawa, Kentaro Saeki, Noriko S Ishioka, Masanobu Mori, Kei Toda, Shin-Ichi Ohira","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The separation of metal radioactive isotopes (RIs) generated in a cyclotron is a crucial process. This report describes the development of a newly designed 3D-printed device for such separation. The 3D-printing fabrication approach offers a cost-effective method for manufacturing single-use devices. The overall separation process involved selective chelate formation, adsorption of the target ion, and finally, UV radiation-induced decomposition of the metal complex. All of these steps are achieved in-line in the developed device. Moreover, this novel system can handle practical solution volumes (approximately 10 mL) containing the dissolved RI and target and is designed to be disposable. The separation performance was evaluated using the following RI/target systems: ⁶⁷Ga/Zn and ⁸⁹Zr/Y. The developed device enables universal separation by changing the chelate formation conditions, i.e., acid concentration. Nearly quantitative RI recoveries are achieved without target contamination, and a highly pure RI solution can be obtained automatically within 30 min. The universal and cost-effective separation device presented herein is therefore suitable for a wide range of RI-related applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"112052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimised neutron yield calculations from (α,n) reactions with the modified SOURCES4 code","authors":"M. Parvu ,&nbsp;P. Krawczun ,&nbsp;V.A. Kudryavtsev","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitivity of underground experiments searching for rare events such as dark matter, neutrino interactions or several beyond the standard model phenomena is often limited by the background caused by neutrons from spontaneous fission and (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math></span>) reactions. A number of codes exist to calculate neutron yields and energy spectra due to these processes. In this paper we present new calculations of neutron production using the modified SOURCES4 code with recently updated cross-sections for (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math></span>) reactions and the comparison of the results with available experimental data. The cross-sections for (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math></span>) reactions in SOURCES4 have been taken from reliable experimental data where possible, complemented by the calculations with EMPIRE 2.19/3.2.3, TALYS 1.96 or evaluated data library JENDL-5 where experimental data were scarce or unavailable. We present here our choice of the most reliable cross-sections for such calculations that match experimental data from alpha beams and radioactive decays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo based optimization of source configurations for calibration of quick scan whole body monitor.","authors":"Charubala C S, S L Asanali, J P N Pandey, Probal Chaudhury","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NaI(Tl) based standing geometry whole body counter, Quick Scan Whole Body Monitor (QSWBM), has been used for in-vivo detection of high-energy photon emitters in various laboratories across India. Conventionally, the Indian reference BOMAB phantom (BOMAB-I) is being used for the periodic calibration of QSWBM. For calibration purposes, various monitoring laboratories follow diverse source configurations in a phantom, such as uniform distribution, axial cavity distribution, and central axial cavity distribution, depending on the source availability and phantom type. In the present study, simulations using FLUKA code were performed for QSWBM using numerical BOMAB-I phantom for uniform and various axial cavity distributions. The results from different source configurations were compared to understand the optimum number of sources to be procured for accurate calibration of a standing geometry whole body counter using BOMAB-I phantom. The study demonstrated that the axial source based calibration can be performed effectively using BOMAB-I phantom with a minimum of one source instead of a configuration in which multiple sources are distributed along the entire axial cavity. The deviation of QSWBM calibration in axial source configurations as compared to uniform source distribution was found to be 9-13 % for various energies. This suggests that uniform source distribution in BOMAB-I should be preferred over axial source distribution to perform more accurate calibration for QSWBM. An experimental validation of QSWBM calibration using single source methodology was also carried out, and deviations <10 % were observed for ¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"112055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-particle-induced reactions on natural tin for production of 118Te","authors":"Zolbadral Tsoodol ,&nbsp;Masayuki Aikawa ,&nbsp;Lkhagvasuren Bold ,&nbsp;Damdinsuren Gantumur ,&nbsp;Akihiro Nambu ,&nbsp;Shuichiro Ebata ,&nbsp;Hiromitsu Haba","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excitation function of the ^natSn(α,x)¹¹⁸Te reaction was measured up to 50 MeV using the stacked-foil activation technique and high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry. The cross sections of the co-products, ^110g,111gIn, ^113g,117mSn,^{116m,117,118m,120m,122g,124g,126g}Sb, and ^{116,117g,118,119g,119m,121g,121m,123m}Te, were also determined. Based on the measured cross section, the physical thick target yields of ¹¹⁸Te, ^119g,mTe, ^121g,mTe, and ^123mTe were deduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112053"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies of structural and trapping parameters of gamma irradiated biochar for dosimetric applications","authors":"Umme Muslima ,&nbsp;Mayeen Uddin Khandaker ,&nbsp;S.N. Mat Nawi ,&nbsp;Md Raghib Rahat ,&nbsp;S.E. Lam ,&nbsp;S.F. Abdul Sani ,&nbsp;D.A. Bradley ,&nbsp;H.J. Woo ,&nbsp;Mohamed Y. Hanfi","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar, a low-cost and environment-friendly material, possesses favorable physical and chemical properties towards dosimetric applications. The current investigation concentrated on the structural and thermoluminescence (TL) trapping parameters of biochar influenced by gamma-ray doses ranging from 0 to 200 Gy. The TL glow curves of gamma irradiated biochar samples have been analyzed by several well-established models viz initial rise, peak shape and curve fitting methods for estimating the fundamental trap parameters, i.e., kinetic order (b), activation energy (E) and frequency factor (s). The calculated geometric factor (μ_g) ranges between 0.50 and 0.56, indicating that the kinetic parameters can be appropriately determined using Chen's general-order kinetic model. The measured activation energy range (0.30–0.38 eV), along with the corresponding frequency factor, suggests that the biochar contains moderately stable trapping centers. These features collectively support the material's potential for reliable passive TL dosimetry, combining effective charge retention with efficient carrier release upon thermal stimulation. T_max-T_stop experiment was also performed and six subpeaks under the glow curve were located. The structural and morphological changes brought on by the radiation doses are being observed using SEM-EDX, Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM-EDX study validates the dose-dependent microstructural damage of biochar. The dose-dependent structural alterations and self-annealing with increasing gamma doses were clearly indicated by the intensity ratio (I_D/I_G), obtained from raman spectra. The crystallite size obtained from the generalized Tuinstra-Koenig equation is inversely proportional to the intensity ratio (I_D/I_G), confirms the defect generation with the increasing radiation doses. Through the examination of crystallite size (D), dislocation density (δ), lattice strain (ɛ), and FWHM from XRD patterns, additional validation of dose-dependent variation of TL trapping parameters was obtained. Analysis of the structural and trapping attributes reveals the structural alterations induced by gamma irradiation. Consequently, it is evidently noticeable that biochar possesses considerable potential for dosimetric applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112042"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo dosimetry of silver-111 in simplified cell geometries in the framework of the ISOLPHARM project","authors":"A. Donzella ,&nbsp;A. Leso ,&nbsp;A. Arzenton ,&nbsp;G. Bonomi ,&nbsp;S. Bortolussi ,&nbsp;D. Chen ,&nbsp;S. Corradetti ,&nbsp;M. Lunardon ,&nbsp;E. Mariotti ,&nbsp;E. Reniero ,&nbsp;D. Serafini ,&nbsp;G.S. Valli ,&nbsp;L. Zangrando ,&nbsp;A. Zenoni ,&nbsp;A. Andrighetto","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ISOLPHARM project of the INFN aims to study the properties of the ¹¹¹Ag <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> emitter as a promising core for novel radiopharmaceuticals. ¹¹¹Ag will be produced at the SPES facility of the Legnaro National Laboratories, with high specific activity and remarkable yields, exploiting the ISOL technique. This work presents Monte Carlo dosimetry calculations at cellular level to assess the therapeutic potential of ¹¹¹Ag within the ADMIRAL project. Using the formalism introduced by the MIRD, S-values are calculated for a biological cell exposed to different scenarios of activity distributions of ¹¹¹Ag. The results of dosimetry calculations performed with <span>Geant4</span>, MCNP6 and PHITS Monte Carlo codes are presented and discussed, showing a good mutual agreement and also with the MIRDcell values. These results will be used within the ISOLPHARM project for the planning of in-vitro experiments in 2D cell cultures and 3D tissue-mimicking scaffolds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 111979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Setting up a national diagnostic reference level for computed tomography for the public sector in Costa Rica: first step","authors":"Dagoberto Eloy González-López ,&nbsp;Adlin López-Díaz ,&nbsp;Fredys Santos-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Lourdes Salvador-Hernández ,&nbsp;Leonel Alberto Torres-Aroche ,&nbsp;Simone Kodlulovich-Renha","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Computed Tomography (CT) is a key tool in medical diagnostics but is associated with significant ionizing radiation exposure, highlighting the need to optimize doses through Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs). The current study aimed to assess CT radiation dose and propose a National Diagnostic Reference Level (NDRL) for the 5 most frequent adult studies using CT dose parameters such as CT Dose Index Volume (CTDI_vol) and Dose Length Product (DLP) as well as to compare the practices for aforementioned examinations between hospitals in Costa Rica's public sector.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Data from patients and studies developed in 11/12 public hospitals in Costa Rica between January to August 2024 were collected. Procedures performed on adults for five main anatomical regions (head, cervical spine, chest, abdomen-pelvis, and chest-abdomen-pelvis) were analysed, using the 50th and 75th percentiles of dosimetric parameters (CTDI_vol and DLP) as reference exposure values. The NDRL was achieved from the third quartile of median CTDI_vol and DLP for each hospital and examination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proposed public National Diagnostic Reference Levels (NDRLs) are as follows: for Head examinations, a CTDI_vol of 52 mGy and a DLP of 1239 mGy cm; for Cervical Spine, 22 mGy and 774 mGy cm; for Chest, 10 mGy and 594 mGy cm; for combined Abdomen-Pelvis studies, 14 mGy and 1283 mGy cm; and for combined Chest-Abdomen-Pelvis studies, 12 mGy and 1498 mGy cm. Overall, these values align with international reference levels in terms of CTDI_vol; however, notable discrepancies were observed in DLP values—particularly for Chest-Abdomen-Pelvis exams, where the proposed level exceeded the French NDRL by up to 170 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While the NDRLs outlined in this study were generally acceptable and consistent with previously published research, optimizing radiation doses remains imperative, particularly for those equipment and hospitals with values above the reference. This analysis represents the first effort to establish DRLs in Costa Rica, providing a robust foundation for optimizing radiological safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular and multicellular dosimetry of two copper radioisotopes: 67Cu and 64Cu","authors":"Laura De Nardo ,&nbsp;Lucia De Dominicis ,&nbsp;Juan Esposito ,&nbsp;Antonio Rosato ,&nbsp;Cristina Bolzati ,&nbsp;Laura Meléndez-Alafort","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioisotopes ⁶⁴Cu/⁶⁷Cu represent a promising theranostic pair for nuclear medicine, offering the potential to achieve PET imaging (⁶⁴Cu) and therapeutic treatment (⁶⁷Cu). Recently, it has been hypothesised that ⁶⁴Cu Auger emissions, if located within the cellular nucleus, could render therapy significantly more advantageous than ⁶⁷Cu. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the dosimetric characteristics of ⁶⁷Cu and ⁶⁴Cu using various tumour models. The cell nuclei absorbed dose (D_N) was assessed considering a homogeneous distribution of ⁶⁴Cu or ⁶⁷Cu radioactivity in isolated spheres with radii ranging from 1 μm to 10 mm, and also for spherical cell cluster models with radii ranging from 50 to 1350 μm, assuming various percentages of labelled cells in the cluster and copper radionuclides localisation in one of the three cell compartments (nucleus, cytoplasm, or cell surface). Results obtained with MIRDcell software confirmed that, in spherical cell clusters, D_N of both labelled and unlabelled cells is consistently higher for ⁶⁷Cu than for ⁶⁴Cu when radioactivity is localised in the cytoplasm or the cell surface. However, when ⁶⁴Cu was localised within the nucleus, D_N was higher than for ⁶⁷Cu only when the percentage of labelled cells was low (≤50 %) or the cell clusters were very small. This indicates that, even if the radiopharmaceutical could be localised in the cell nucleus, D_N produced by ⁶⁴Cu would be higher than the one of ⁶⁷Cu only in a limited number of cases. However, the D_N therapeutic effect needs to be corroborated with experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 112041"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}