Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Trap Parameters Associated with Intermediate Luminescence Peaks of Quartz","authors":"S. Mammadov ,&nbsp;M. Gurbanov ,&nbsp;A. Abishov ,&nbsp;A. Ahadov ,&nbsp;A. Ahadova","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research focuses on the thermoluminescence parameters associated with intermediate luminescence peaks in quartz. By employing isothermal decay analysis, TL difference curves, and the initial rise method, we aim to identify and characterize the trap structures contributing to the TL signal. The results indicate that the TL glow peaks do not conform strictly to first- or second-order kinetics, suggesting a more complex trapping and recombination mechanism.</div><div>Analysis of TL difference curves with different Tstop temperatures, obtained by digitally subtracting the residual TL signal, facilitates the identification of three stable Tm stability regions at 145°C, 170°C, and 235°C. The glow curve obtained following isothermal cleaning at ten different temperatures, ranging from 90°C to 170°C, was analyzed to calculate the activation energy using the initial-rise method. The results indicate that the apparent activation energy decreases as the segments of the glow curve are cleaned at increasing Tstop temperature. The findings contribute to a more accurate understanding of TL kinetics in quartz, with implications for dosimetric applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 111901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of beam shaping assembly for 2.4 MeV electrostatic tandem accelerator-based neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy: A Monte Carlo study","authors":"Minho Kim,&nbsp;Hyounggun Lee,&nbsp;MinSeok Park,&nbsp;Bong Hwan Hong,&nbsp;Chawon Park,&nbsp;Kyeong Min Kim,&nbsp;Seungwoo Park,&nbsp;Won Taek Hwang,&nbsp;Ho Namgoong","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the lithium target thickness and a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) system were designed using Monte Carlo N-Particle version 6.2 for a 2.4 MeV, 15 mA proton accelerator-based neutron source. The BSA components consist of lead (Pb), magnesium fluoride (MgF₂), boron carbide (B₄C), and tungsten (W) used for the reflector, moderator, and collimator, respectively. The specifications (area and thickness) of each BSA part were varied to analyze the characteristics of neutrons passing through the BSA. The system's performance was evaluated based on various indicators, including the epithermal neutron flux, ratio of epithermal to thermal neutrons, fast neutron contamination, gamma contamination, and neutron current to flux ratio. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to determine BSA specifications that satisfied the neutron beam requirements recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The lithium target thickness was determined to be 90 μm, and BSA's performance was confirmed under various conditions. For the specifications that yielded the highest epithermal neutron flux, the epithermal neutron flux at the BSA exit was 8.89 × 10⁸ cm⁻² s⁻¹, the ratio of epithermal neutrons to thermal neutrons was 425.54, the neutron current-to-flux ratio was 0.7, and the dose contaminations due to fast neutrons and gamma rays were 1.20 × 10⁻¹³ Gy cm² and 1.91 × 10⁻¹³ Gy cm², respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 111895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of a 68Ga-labeled glucose derivative PET probe [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG","authors":"Xiaofeng Yang ,&nbsp;Gaochao Lv ,&nbsp;Ying Peng ,&nbsp;Qingzhu Liu ,&nbsp;Ling Qiu ,&nbsp;Minhao Xie ,&nbsp;Jianguo Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Currently, 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) has been widely used in clinical diagnostics for tumors. However, its application is hindered by several limitations, including low tumor specificity, the need for accelerator production of ¹⁸F, and complex synthesis procedures. In this study, a ⁶⁸Ga-labeled glucose derivative PET molecular probe, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG, was designed to overcome these issues with the advantages of ⁶⁸Ga-labeled radiotracers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The radiolabeling precursor NOTA-SDG was designed to conjugate the targeting group D-glucose and the chelator NOTA with a propargylglycine linker. [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG was obtained by incubation of ⁶⁸Ga³⁺ and the precursor NOTA-SDG at 37 °C for 15 min. The <em>in vitro</em> stability of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG in PBS and mouse serum was studied using high-performance liquid chromatography with a radioactivity detector. The uptake mechanism of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG entry into U87 and A549 cells was investigated by co-incubation the radiotracer with different doses of D-glucose and insulin. PET imaging studies in mice bearing various tumors were performed to evaluate the <em>in vivo</em> tumor diagnostic capability of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG was obtained rapidly within 15 min with radiochemical yield (RCY) of ≥98 % and radiochemical purity (RCP) of ≥99 %. The probe exhibited high stability in mouse serum and PBS over a period of 2 h. Cellular uptake studies demonstrated that the entry of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG into tumor cells was mediated by glucose transporters, although the mechanism differs from that of D-glucose. PET imaging results indicated that [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG showed high uptake in a variety of tumors (U87, A549, PC3 and A375), enabling clear visualization of the tumors. Moreover, it had lower uptake in non-target tissues compared with [¹⁸F]FDG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-NOTA-SDG has the potential to serve as a broad-spectrum PET imaging agent for clinical tumor diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 111893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ doses, effective dose, and cancer risk estimation from whole-body CT scans in PET-CT imaging","authors":"Peyman Sheikhzadeh ,&nbsp;Mahsa Asami ,&nbsp;Mahsa Shahrbabaki Mofrad ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Abdolmaleki ,&nbsp;Tara Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Nima Kasraie","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The integration of PET and CT technologies has revolutionized medical imaging, particularly in cancer management. However, the associated radiation exposure necessitates a detailed understanding of the risks involved. This study aims to quantify the effective dose (ED) and associated cancer risks from whole-body CT scans in PET-CT procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 500 patients (226 men and 274 women) undergoing PET-CT scans were analyzed. Two methods were employed to calculate the ED: The Dose Length Product (DLP) and the NCICT dosimetry system, which utilizes Monte Carlo simulations. Organ doses and ED were compared between genders, and the correlation between ED and patient age was examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean DLP was 516.4 ± 200 mGy cm, resulting in an ED of 7.76 ± 3.01 mSv using the DLP method, and 6.82 ± 2.56 mSv using NCICT. The thyroid received the highest organ dose, followed by the kidneys in females and the testes in males. A significant decrease in cancer risk with increasing age was observed for both genders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study emphasizes the importance of considering age in assessing the cancer risks from CT radiation in PET-CT scans, particularly for younger patients. It advises caution in recommending CT scans and suggests exploring alternative imaging modalities while adhering to ALARA principles to reduce exposure. It also paves the way for future research aimed at either eliminating or reducing the CT dose component in PET/CT scans, thereby enhancing the overall safety and efficacy of this imaging modality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 111892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Chinese yam) flour after high-energy electron beam irradiation","authors":"Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Min Huang ,&nbsp;Longju Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dioscoreae Rhizoma (Chinese yam) flour serves as an ideal raw material for the food industry and pharmaceutical preparations, with its sterilization and quality preservation being critical for practical utilization. This study investigated the effects of electron beam irradiation (0, 2, 6, 10, and 15 kGy) on microbial population, nutrient composition, bioactive constituents, HPLC fingerprinting, and color in Chinese yam flour. The results demonstrated that a dose of 2 kGy effectively reduced total aerobic microbial count and total yeast and mold count to below the detection limit. The nutrient composition remained stable after irradiation, except for amylose and amylopectin starch: amylose content decreased, while amylopectin content increased with irradiation dose. No significant changes were observed in bioactive components and HPLC fingerprints, indicating that the functional properties of yam flour were well preserved. Although color values increased with dose, the changes were minimal and within an acceptable range for industrial applications. These findings demonstrate that electron beam irradiation effectively sterilizes Chinese yam flour while maintaining its nutritional and functional quality, making it a suitable method for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 111889"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of radionuclides for radiological impact assessment in cultivated soil of Punjab, India","authors":"Sanjeet S. Kaintura ,&nbsp;Katyayni Tiwari ,&nbsp;Soni Devi ,&nbsp;Swati Thakur ,&nbsp;Mukesh Prasad ,&nbsp;Dalpat Meena ,&nbsp;Pushpendra P. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates and maps the distribution of radionuclides and associated radiation hazards in soil specimens collected from the Ropar agricultural region, Punjab, India. A high-resolution HPGe detector was utilized to measure and assess radioactivity precisely. The specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K ranged from 34.15 to 122.36 Bq kg⁻¹, 58.24 to 176.77 Bq kg⁻¹, and 385.02 to 785.57 Bq kg⁻¹, respectively. Their average values, 49.43 ± 18.65 Bq kg⁻¹, 76.82 ± 28.88 Bq kg⁻¹, and 591.22 ± 105.68 Bq kg⁻¹, respectively, exceeded the corresponding global averages. The quantified radium equivalent averaged 204.65 ± 50.91 Bq kg⁻¹, remaining below the permissible limit of 370 Bq kg⁻¹ but considerably higher than the world average of 129.59 Bq kg⁻¹. All hazard and level indices were markedly lower than the permissible limit of unity. However, the gamma radiation dose rates (Ḋ_in and Ḋ_out), annual effective doses (A_Din and A_Dout), and associated cancer risk levels (ELCR_in and ELCR_out) for both indoor and outdoor environments exceeded the corresponding recommended levels. The contributions of individual radionuclides to radiological indices and gamma doses were analyzed, identifying ²³²Th as the primary source of radiation exposure, while Correlations among radionuclides and hazard indices were analyzed to evaluate their interrelationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 111881"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of radioxenon isotopes for nuclear explosion detection using a coincident β/γ detector calibrated by simulation","authors":"H.-D. Lenouvel ,&nbsp;A. Der-Mesrobian Kabakian ,&nbsp;J.-P. Fontaine ,&nbsp;M. Morin ,&nbsp;A. de Vismes Ott ,&nbsp;J. Aupiais ,&nbsp;P. Gross ,&nbsp;S. Topin ,&nbsp;H. Paradis","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111886","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 111886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of directional pulsed neutron flux generation for BNCT using a high-intensity lithium beam","authors":"Masahiro Okamura ,&nbsp;Antonino Cannavo ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Ikeda ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kanesue ,&nbsp;Toshiro Sakabe ,&nbsp;Kazumasa Takahashi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Ceccio ,&nbsp;Madhawa Horana Gamage","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel neutron production system for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) that employs a lithium beam in inverse kinematics to generate forward-directed neutrons through the ⁷Li (p,n)⁷Be reaction. The system utilizes a thin polypropylene target and an optimized beam configuration to achieve high neutron yield and precise directional control. A tape target mechanism is incorporated to effectively manage thermal loads, ensuring stable and reliable operation. The proposed system could offer substantial advantages over conventional neutron sources, including enhanced neutron directionality and a reduced shielding requirement. This approach increases the potential for precise tumor targeting while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues, paving the way for a more accessible and efficient BNCT treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 111872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of radiation exposure and toxicity risks of uranium in drinking water of Bharatpur District, Rajasthan, India","authors":"Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kansal ,&nbsp;Vikas Duggal","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study was conducted using an LED fluorimeter to estimate natural uranium concentrations in 205 drinking water samples from the Bharatpur district, Rajasthan. The uranium content ranged from 0.52 to 193.5 μg/L, with a mean of 19.9 μg/L. Approximately 18.0% of the samples surpassed the prescribed limit of 30 μg/L set by the World Health Organization. Annual effective doses were calculated for various life stages, revealing that infants faced the highest exposure. The mean excess cancer risk was below the prescribed value (1.67×10^-4) set by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, India. The mean daily uranium intake ranged from 0.01 to 5.53 μg/kg/day. The hazard quotient in 15.1% of samples indicated potential chemical toxicity risks. Total dissolved solids showed a positive correlation with uranium levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 111883"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of parameters for the measurement of radon-222 in water using two phase liquid scintillation counting","authors":"Sudeshna Goswami,&nbsp;Chitra N.,&nbsp;Kothai Parthasarathy","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The liquid scintillation counting (LSC) technique is one of the most popular and sensitive ways to quantify ²²²Rn in drinking water as it allows automatic analysis of multiple samples. For the accurate and precise determination of ²²²Rn in water samples the calibration procedure was standardized for two-phase systems using Hidex 300 SL. This method implies mixing of water samples with lipophilic scintillation cocktail, which has a high solubility for ²²²Rn, while the more hydrophilic radionuclide like ²²⁶Ra will remain in the aqueous phase and do not interfere with or have a quenching effect on the counting. The efficiency calibrations were found to be more accurate with ²²⁶Ra standard rather than conventionally employed pure alpha and beta standards. The adjustment of the counting window and alpha/beta settings was done by changing the Pulse Length Index (PLI) value iteratively until the alpha and beta regions were separated. Based on the obtained results, with proper adjustment of calibration parameters, the method can be used for determining radon in water. In the developed method, a counting time of 300s was sufficient to obtain a minimum detectable activity below the EPA's²²²Rn limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 111884"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}