Denice N. Feria,Jun-Hong Lin,Jan-Tian Lian,Tai-Yuan Lin
{"title":"Fabrication and performance analysis of a collagen-integrated IGZO thin-film transistor for wide-range piezoelectric pressure biosensing","authors":"Denice N. Feria,Jun-Hong Lin,Jan-Tian Lian,Tai-Yuan Lin","doi":"10.1063/5.0348601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0348601","url":null,"abstract":"Biocompatible and biodegradable piezoelectric materials have emerged as compelling candidates for next-generation wearable and implantable sensing devices. However, their integration with oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) for wide-range pressure detection and extended-gate TFT applications remains largely unexplored. In this work, we successfully developed a transparent, self-gated bio-integrated pressure sensor by incorporating piezoelectric collagen film with amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (α-IGZO) TFT. The pressure-induced piezoelectric voltage generated within the collagen film directly modulates the TFT channel, producing a pressure-dependent drain current independent of any external gate bias. Fabrication parameters were preliminarily optimized, systematically determining that 40 min of radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering followed by annealing in a nitrogen (N2) atmosphere (50 sccm) at 400 °C yielded superior characteristics and a carrier mobility of 2.66 cm2/V s. With the incorporation of collagen, the developed bio-integrated sensor showed high-performance operation over an extremely broad pressure range of 0.49–980.86 kPa, achieving maximum responsivities of 16.29% at 98.06 kPa (Configuration I) and 6.55% at 980.86 kPa (Configuration II). Significantly, the results are remarkable and strongly consistent with prior research findings, validating the sensor's reliability and performance. These results emphasize collagen–IGZO integration as a viable and scalable strategy toward realizing transparent, wide-range, and potentially fully biodegradable pressure sensors for advanced biomedical and wearable applications.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanhang Wang,Chenglong Zheng,Yiming Wang,Quanping Fan,Lai Wei,Shaoyi Wang,Peinan Ni,Huaping Zang,Leifeng Cao
{"title":"Diamond-based deep ultraviolet vortex beam generation with suppressed higher-order diffractions","authors":"Yuanhang Wang,Chenglong Zheng,Yiming Wang,Quanping Fan,Lai Wei,Shaoyi Wang,Peinan Ni,Huaping Zang,Leifeng Cao","doi":"10.1063/5.0352732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0352732","url":null,"abstract":"Optical vortices (OVs) with unique singular phase and orbital angular momentum are widely used in various applications including particle manipulation, microscopy, and imaging scenarios. Regardless, the undesired higher-order foci introduced by the conventional vortex lens such as spiral zone plates may lead to additional artifacts and thus degrade contrast sensitivity. In this endeavor, based on the typical trapezoidal contour matrix and the neural network-based inverse design approach, we propose an innovative single-focus OV lens termed trapezoidal spiral zone plates (TSZPs) to eliminate the higher-order foci which unavoidably exist in the conventional muti-foci lens. Considering the low thermal expansion of diamond materials, we have fabricated the TSZPs sample based on high-quality single-crystal diamond substrate using electron beam lithography. To verify the stable single-focus performance even under harsh environments of such optics, a demonstration experiment in the deep ultraviolet region has also been performed. These findings provide an avenue for improving the image performance of diamond-based optics in solar-blind imaging.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Rejaul Karim,Aman Agrahari,Arun Singh Dev,Rakhul Raj,Mohd S. Sabir,Arun Jacob Mathew,Joseph Vimal Vas,Yasuhiro Fukuma,V. Raghavendra Reddy,Rohit Medwal
{"title":"Interface engineered perpendicular magnetic anisotropy-controlled propagation of magnetic domain","authors":"Md Rejaul Karim,Aman Agrahari,Arun Singh Dev,Rakhul Raj,Mohd S. Sabir,Arun Jacob Mathew,Joseph Vimal Vas,Yasuhiro Fukuma,V. Raghavendra Reddy,Rohit Medwal","doi":"10.1063/5.0342804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0342804","url":null,"abstract":"We report the impact of ferromagnetic layer thickness and stack configuration on the magnetic properties, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), modified magnetization switching mechanisms, and creep regime domain wall (DW) dynamics, including their propagation velocity, in a Pt/CoFeB/Ru tri-layer system. An effective magnetic anisotropy Keff of (8.8 ± 0.15) × 105 erg/cm3 has been achieved without any post-annealing, highlighting the high-quality interface. The evaluation of PMA strength with ferromagnetic thickness and the number of stacks quantitatively reveals cumulative interfacial contributions that govern the overall magnetic anisotropy in the system. The deviation of the angular dependence of the magnetization switching field from the conventional Kondorsky model is well described using a phenomenological interpolation Kondorsky model, which signifies the role of field-induced domain-wall softening and pinning effects during the reversal process. Furthermore, polar-magneto optical Kerr effect microscopy imaging during the magnetization reversal process provides detailed insight into domain nucleation and the subsequent DW propagation driven by magnetic fields. The observations reveal well-defined, stable bubble magnetic domains that evolve coherently under the applied magnetic field. Our results demonstrate an effective approach for engineering interface-driven PMA and related magnetic phenomena in the heterostructures for next-generation low-power and DW-based spintronic devices.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ying Li,Chenxing Jin,Wanrong Liu,Xiaofang Shi,Jia Sun
{"title":"Multi-gate organic dendritic transistors for spatiotemporal BCM learning","authors":"Ying Li,Chenxing Jin,Wanrong Liu,Xiaofang Shi,Jia Sun","doi":"10.1063/5.0324733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324733","url":null,"abstract":"The Bienenstock–Cooper–Munro (BCM) learning rule effectively mitigates the issue of synaptic weight oversaturation in Hebbian learning via a sliding threshold dependent on historical neuronal activity. However, existing hardware implementations focus primarily on temporal history while often overlooking the spatial attenuation pivotal for signal integration. Here, we report a bio-inspired multi-gate organic dendritic transistor based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) with electrochemical gating that integrates spatiotemporal information to implement the BCM rule via its spatial architecture. By tuning the physical distances between different gates and the channel, the device mimics the nonlinear signal attenuation mechanism of biological dendrites. Beyond reproducing fundamental synaptic plasticity, the device establishes a sliding threshold mechanism for homeostatic regulation by using physical distances to modulate historical activity states. This work demonstrates the feasibility of defining synaptic historical states using spatial factors, providing a strategy for neuromorphic computing systems that combine homeostatic regulation with spatiotemporal processing.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gd3\u0000 +\u0000 -mediated crystallization homogenization in perovskite glass for high-performance x-ray scintillators and white LEDs","authors":"Xueqing Zhang,Pengkai Wang,Guoying Zhao,Langping Dong,Jingshan Hou,Yongzheng Fang","doi":"10.1063/5.0353734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0353734","url":null,"abstract":"Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals in glass suffer from random crystallization, causing spatial and size inhomogeneity that limits performance. This study uses Gd3+ as a network modifier to disrupt the [SiO4]/[BO4] network, increasing non-bridging oxygen and reducing melt viscosity. This process suppresses random nucleation and leads to crystallization behavior that can be reasonably attributed to an Ostwald-ripening process, yielding highly uniform CsPbI3 nanocrystals, high crystallinity, and minimal defects. Structural homogenization brings notable optical improvements: the optimized CsPbI3:1Gd sample shows a threefold increase in photoluminescence quantum yield and prolonged fluorescence lifetime. As an x-ray scintillator, Gd incorporation raises glass density and effective atomic number, enabling excellent x-ray attenuation. The composite achieves a high spatial resolution of 14.6 lp/mm, a low detection limit of 1.59 mGy/s, and outstanding irradiation stability (maintaining 86% light yield of Bi4Ge3O12 crystals). In white light-emitting diodes, it delivers a high color rendering index (Ra = 87.2), a luminous efficacy of 77.9 lm/W, and 116% National Television System Committee color gamut, with stable performance under driving currents of 25–200 mA, demonstrating great potential for solid-state lighting and displays.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}