Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of Polycationic Bentonite Clay and its Use as a Coagulation Aid to Enhance Turbidity Removal in Water Treatment Plants","authors":"Bruna Temochko,&nbsp;Agenor de Noni Jr.,&nbsp;Regina de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07732-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07732-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water is a crucial human right highlighted in the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, requiring effective treatment methods to ensure safety and quality before consumption. To meet the standards for potable water, coagulation-flocculation is among the most effective methods for treating surface water, and the enhancing the treatment of water with low turbidity typically requires the addition of coagulants. Bentonite clays are a cost-effective, efficient, readily applicable, and environmentally sound option for enhancing treatment processes. When dispersed in an aqueous solution, bentonite acts like colloidal particles, facilitating particle aggregation by neutralizing negative surface charges during interactions with coagulants. Thus, bentonite clays serve as coagulation aids; however, while this behavior is recognized, it is not yet fully understood. This study evaluated the feasibility of integrating polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and polycationic bentonite for coagulation in low-turbidity water. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of bentonite showcased a total weight loss of 10.6% due to the loss of surface water and available hydroxyl groups which are responsible for increasing its ability to interact with dissolved compounds. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed the presence of montmorillonite, while zeta potential analysis indicated an average potential of -36.60 mV, which is characteristic of materials that form stable dispersions in water. The optimal coagulant (PAC) dosage increased almost linearly with the initial turbidity of the raw water, being 17 mg.L⁻¹ Al₂O₃, 35 mg.L⁻¹ Al₂O₃, and 45 mg.L⁻¹ Al₂O₃ for average initial turbidity of 7.6 ± 0.5 NTU, 21.3 ± 0.8 NTU, and 29.6 ± 0.9 NTU, respectively. Incorporating bentonite as a coagulant aid results in significantly improved turbidity removal across a range of initial raw water qualities, yielding treated water with 28%-57% less turbidity compared to using only PAC for coagulation. Additionally, color removal efficiencies higher than 86% were attained when PAC and bentonite were added to low turbidity raw water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Quality, Air Pollution, and Climate Change: Investigating the Environmental Impacts of Industrialization and Urbanization","authors":"Vivek Saxena","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07702-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07702-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human activities profoundly impact both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. Pollution, defined as the introduction of harmful substances into the environment, poses a significant threat to all living organisms. Even minimal concentrations of pollutants—whether in gaseous, liquid, or solid form—can disrupt ecosystem health. The advent of the Industrial Revolution marked the beginning of large-scale pollutant emissions, leading to severe repercussions for both human health and the environment. While the Industrial Revolution facilitated numerous advancements in services, science, and societal progress, it also introduced substantial environmental challenges. Today, the unprecedented levels of industrialization and urbanization have amplified global environmental concerns. Human-induced air pollution alone accounts for approximately 9 million deaths annually, presenting a critical public health threat. This research examines the environmental contamination arising from human activities, with a focus on water quality, air quality, and climate change. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the environmental impacts of human actions, highlighting the pressing global issue of water pollution, particularly in developing countries. The study underscores the crucial role of effective wastewater treatment in achieving sustainable development and explores how such measures can mitigate the impacts of climate change.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of airborne and blood lead concentration in auto repair technicians in Sanandaj industrial town","authors":"Zinat Rahimi,&nbsp;Behzad Shahmoradi,&nbsp;Kamaladdin Abedi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Mohammadi,&nbsp;Hee-Jeong Choi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07729-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07729-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study aimed to investigate the concentrations of lead in the inhalable air (APb) and whole blood (BPb) of automobile repair technicians in an industrial town located in western Iran. The study population consisted of 60 automobile technicians, including painters, smoothers, welders, and turners, all of whom had a minimum of two years of professional experience in their respective trade. Demographic data, along with information regarding health history and occupational and environmental exposure to lead, were collected via a structured questionnaire. Lead concentrations in the breathing air and blood samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), in accordance with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) method 7300. The results indicated that the average BPb level among all technician groups was 28.79 µg/dL, surpassing the threshold established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Conversely, the mean APb concentration was recorded at 0.038 mg/m³, which did not exceed the permissible limits. Statistical analysis revealed no significant correlation between APb and BPb levels, suggesting that exposure to lead may occur through alternative pathways beyond inhalation. Furthermore, BPb levels were positively correlated with years of work experience among participants. In light of the findings, it is strongly recommended that automobile repair technicians utilize personal protective equipment such as respiratory masks and gloves, adopt appropriate and hygienic work attire, ensure adequate ventilation, and maintain a clean and isolated environment for eating and drinking. Additionally, ongoing supervision and training programs should be implemented to mitigate lead exposure in this occupational cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Investigation of Crude Oil Diffusion Dynamics and Temperature Field Evolution in Heterogeneous Porous Media Surrounding Buried Pipelines","authors":"Weihua Liu,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Chen,&nbsp;Zhongshi Yue,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Liangyu Zhao,&nbsp;Xi Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07713-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07713-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigating the diffusion characteristics of leaked crude oil in heterogeneous porous media is crucial for accurately predicting the location of oil leaks from buried pipelines, emergency response, and reducing the hazards of pipeline leakage accidents. This study establishes a leakage model for buried pipelines using computational fluid dynamics methods to simulate multiphase flow in porous media, focusing on the effects of different backfill soil porosities and leakage velocity on oil diffusion and temperature field evolution. Results reveal that the diffusion process consists of acceleration, transition, and stabilization phases. At a leakage velocity of 1 m/s, the oil reaches the surface in 169 s, while velocities of 2 m/s and 3 m/s reduce this to 77 s and 48 s, respectively. Higher leakage velocities significantly increase diffusion speed, with the volume fraction of crude oil in backfill soil reaching 75.68%, 91.90%, and 95.99% at 1 m/s, 2 m/s, and 3 m/s, respectively, after 180 s. The temperature field of the soil porous media after leakage is not sensitive to changes in backfill soil porosity, and the leakage rate is one of the main factors driving changes in the temperature field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Biological Nutrients Removal for Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Management: A Case Study of Ain El Houtz WWTP (Algeria)","authors":"Abdurrahman Aliyu,&nbsp;Tiar Sidi Mohamed,&nbsp;Nadia Badr ElSayed,&nbsp;Chérifa Abdelbaki,&nbsp;Madani Bessedik,&nbsp;Navneet Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07735-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07735-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to develop a comprehensive Ain El Houtz Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) model that represents its biological nutrient removal process to simulate its performance and assess the model's predictability. Operational data was collected and analyzed over three years (2020 to 2023), to characterize the water quality of influent and effluent discharged from the plant. Physicochemical parameters such as Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₅), Ammonium-Nitrogen (NH₄), Nitrite-Nitrogen (N-NO₂⁻), Nitrate-Nitrogen (N-NO₃⁻), and Phosphate ions (PO₄-³) were considered. Using the GPS-X software modeling platform, a process flow diagram was developed to integrate the ASM2d model for biological nutrient removal. Through the sensitivity analysis of kinetic and stoichiometric parameters, the research identified the key parameters that impacted the nutrient removal efficiency, which in turn further guided the calibration process. The calibration adjustments focused primarily on parameters associated with denitrification, autotrophic growth, and oxygen saturation coefficients. Statistical measures such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the model’s performance in both steady-state and dynamic-state validation scenarios. Results indicated that for the steady state the MAE and RMSE were the same, NH₄ (6.06) N-NO₂⁻&amp; N-NO₃⁻ (1.36), and PO₄-³ (3.167), while for dynamic-state we noticed a difference between the MAE and RMSE for the concentration, indicating the complexity of modeling nutrient removal processes. It was observed that PO₄⁻³ concentration was not affected by the sensitivity analysis, possibly due to the lack of availability of specific process for the phosphorus removal in the treatment plant, further studies are needed to be carried out to address this issue in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-024-07735-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142905687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of New Wet Heterogeneous Photo Oxidation Process for Refinery Waste Water Treatment in Photo Baffled Reactor","authors":"Yousif. S. Issa,&nbsp;Qahtan A. Mahmood,&nbsp;Jasim I. Humadi,&nbsp;Ghanim Hassan,&nbsp;Rajesh Haldhar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07706-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07706-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phenol is considered as a hazardous agent in refinery waste water due to its toxicity to humans and animals. Therefore, numerous treatment processes are developed for removing this compound from industrial waste water which is an essential and important industrial need. In Baiji refinery-Iraq, the simulated produced wastewater with phenol concentration of 632 ppm represents a good example for examining a new application for removing this toxic agent. In this work, two different types of new heterogeneous catalyst were investigated and compared via catalytic wet photo oxidation process; namely, 5% ZnO/Al₂O₃ and 3% ZnO/Al₂O₃ as well as investigating temperature, reaction time, and mixing speed changes in photo baffled reactor. Results demonstrated that phenol removal efficiency proportional directly to reaction temperature, reaction duration, and mixing speed. A percentage of 95.45% Phenol removal was obtained using a temperature of 70 °C, reaction time of 100s, and a mixing speed of 750 rpm when using 5% ZnO/Al₂O₃. And when using 3% ZnO/Al₂O₃ the optimum removal was 86.22% with the same operating parameters. The new used technique proved to be a promising method for Phenol removal for industrial use in various applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Mixing Speed on Sludge Characteristics, Treatment Efficiency, and Microbial Profiling in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor Treating Domestic Wastewater","authors":"Asma Jamil,&nbsp;Muhammad Saqib Nawaz,&nbsp;Afshan Kanwal,&nbsp;Shan Bibi,&nbsp;Sajida Rasheed","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07721-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07721-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anaerobic biological processes for wastewater treatment are gaining attention due to relatively lesser energy demand than aerobic processes. Since aeration is absent in anaerobic bioreactors, sludge mixing is usually done through mechanical mixing. Mechanical mixing speed is significant in terms of providing proper mixing and calculating the specific energy requirements of the plant. Moreover, the mixing speed affects the presence of different microbial species in the bioreactor. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of mechanical mixing speed in anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBRs) while treating synthetic domestic wastewater. The aim of the study is to find the optimum mixing speed, which gives the highest contaminant removal efficiency, stable sludge characteristics, higher gas production, and better microbial diversity in AnSBRs. Four AnSBRs were operated in parallel at different mixing speeds of 100 rpm, 200 rpm, 300 rpm, and 400 rpm at laboratory temperature (32 ± 2 °C) continuously for 30 days. Regular analysis of treated water quality and sludge characteristics and microbial profiling were performed. Colony morphology, biochemical tests, and 16 S rRNA based analysis were performed to isolate and identify the bacterial cultures. Mixing speed demonstrated a significant role and showed the highest contaminant removal at 400 rpm with 83% chemical oxygen demand, 74% biological oxygen demand, and 78% total suspended solids removals. The gases collected from the top of sealed reactors were identified as CH₄, CO₂ and H₂. Overall, from mixed liquor volatile suspended solids growth and gas production point of view, 400 rpm was the most suitable speed. Different bacterial species were isolated from the sludge in the form of circular, paired irregular, and filamentous colonies. The dominant species identified were Acinetobacter, Aeromonas sp, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Salmonella sp, Bacillus and Clostridium sp bacteria, confirming the maintenance of anaerobic conditions inside reactors. Overall, the 400 rpm speed provides more stable conditions to operate the AnSBRs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrate Nightmares: Nitrate Contamination and Health Risks in a Rapidly Expanding City of Central India","authors":"Yogesh Murkute,&nbsp;Soumya Ranjan Hota,&nbsp;Rabindra Nath Hota,&nbsp;Shreerup Goswami,&nbsp;Rosalin Das","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07703-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07703-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrate pollution in drinking water poses a hidden, worldwide health risk, affecting people of all ages. Consumption of nitrate-contaminated groundwater can lead to methemoglobinemia in infants and gastric cancer in adults. This study examines nitrate contamination in dug well water and its health impact in urban Nagpur, India. The nitrate pollution index (NPI), an effective tool for evaluating the pollution of groundwater due to NO₃⁻ content, which we have utilized in city area and in our study the NPI has found to vary from 0.76 to 11.54 with an average value of 4.81. As per NPI, 70%, 5%, 5%, 15% and 5% of groundwater samples are very significantly polluted, significantly polluted, moderately polluted, slightly polluted and unpolluted. The chronic health risk (CHR) for infants, children, adult males and females varies from 0.07—3.52, 0.08—4.07, 0.06—3.01 and 0.06—2.85 and covers 87%, 90.5%, 89% and 85.5% of the study area respectively. The geo-statistical regression and correlation studies significantly divulged that the NO₃⁻ pollution of groundwater is mostly due to man-made activities. The samples, in which the computed values of ‘t’ exceeded the critical value (1.686) at 38 degrees of freedom and 0.05 significance level, the correlation coefficients are found to be statistically significant. The study uncovers human-driven NO₃⁻ pollution in shallow aquifers of Nagpur city, urging action to reduce contaminants. By curbing these pollutants, Nagpur can stride toward UNDP's sustainable development Goal, 2030 for a safer, healthier environment for all.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabarcoding of Bacterial Communities Impacting the Dynamics of Cyanobacterial Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs, South India","authors":"Priyanka Jayam Rajendran,&nbsp;Thajuddin Nooruddin,&nbsp;Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07716-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07716-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) represent a significant threat to freshwater ecosystems globally. To investigate the bacterial communities associated with these blooms, we conducted a metabarcoding analysis of water samples collected during the blooming events in various freshwater reservoirs, including Veeranam, Wellington, Perumal lake at Cuddalore and Trichy Kottapattu Pond, Tamil Nadu, India. Utilizing Metabarcoding of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we characterized the taxonomic composition of bacterial communities in freshwater reservoirs. Our study revealed the dominance of key phyla such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria across all four freshwater reservoirs. Predominantly, the abundance of cyanobacterial genera, notably toxin-producing <i>Microcystis</i> sp. and <i>Nostoc</i> sp., were identified, which played a crucial role in driving cyanobacterial bloom formation. Multifaceted interactions between bacteria and cyanobacteria, including core microbiomes and beta diversity patterns, shed light on the microbial dynamics underlying CyanoHABs. This provides a comprehensive understanding of freshwater reservoir Cyanobacterial dynamics, highlighting the bacterial communities involved in bloom events. These findings are crucial for protecting freshwater ecosystems and public health from the harmful effects of cyanobacterial blooms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of Peroxymonosulfate by Magnetic MnFe2O4/MWCNT Toward Rhodamine B Degradation: Efficiency, Mechanism and Influencing Factors","authors":"Lijia Zheng,&nbsp;Shoutao Cao,&nbsp;Meng Tang,&nbsp;Ming Ge","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07718-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07718-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A solvothermal route was used to synthesize manganese ferrite/multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MnFe₂O₄/MWCNT) composite catalyst, which was firstly employed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to eliminate rhodamine B (RhB) from water. The catalytic activity of the as-obtained MnFe₂O₄/MWCNT for PMS activation and RhB degradation was higher than that of MnFe₂O₄ and MWCNT. The optimal MnFe₂O₄/MWCNT-10 catalyst (0.3 g/L) can remove 98.1% of RhB (20 mg/L) from water by activating PMS (1.0 g/L) after 100 min of reaction, and this catalyst remained stable in the oxidation process. Quenching experiments, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical analysis demonstrated that RhB elimination in the MnFe₂O₄/MWCNT-PMS system was accomplished by the non-radical (¹O₂ and electron transfer) and free radical (O₂^•−, SO₄^•‒ and •OH) oxidation pathways, and ¹O₂ played a leading role. The influence of operational factors (PMS dosage, initial solution pH, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, common inorganic anions and water matrix) on RhB removal by MnFe₂O₄/MWCNT-10 activated PMS was investigated in detail. The presence of Cl^‒ ions significantly boosted RhB degradation due to the production of more ¹O₂.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}