Efficient Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Using Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia Wood

Dyes are commonly used in the production of textiles such as clothes, towels, and carpets. However, during the Manufacturing process, approximately 5% to 15% of these substances are lost and discarded. If the wastewater containing these dyes is released without proper treatment, it can lead to significant environmental damage and public health concerns. Among the various methods available for decontaminating textile effluents, adsorption has proven to be particularly effective. This study investigates the use of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia wood powder as a biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The wood powder underwent both hot and cold extraction processes to remove extractives. The biosorbent was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Zero Charge Potential (ZPC) analysis. Subsequently, experiments were conducted to study dye degradation, the effects of pH, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption isotherms. The pH tests revealed that the highest MB dye adsorption occurred in alkaline conditions. The kinetic study determined an equilibrium time of 120 min with a dye removal efficiency of 96.98% ± 0.052%. Among the kinetic models tested, the pseudo-second-order model provided the best fit, with a Maximum adsorption capacity of 12.140 mg·g⁻¹. Regarding the isothermal models, the Langmuir model showed the best fit, with Maximum adsorption capacities of 39.623, 42.189, and 43.783 mg·g⁻¹ at temperatures of 28 °C, 38 °C, and 48 °C, respectively. These findings demonstrate that Mimosa caesalpiniifolia wood powder is an efficient and sustainable adsorbent for methylene blue removal, with potential applications in wastewater treatment.