Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Black Oat-Corn Succession Fertilized with Pig Slurry and Swine Manure Compost Supplemented with Mineral Fertilization","authors":"Vilmar Muller Júnior,&nbsp;Jucinei José Comin,&nbsp;Guilherme Wilbert Ferreira,&nbsp;Thiago Stacowski dos Santos,&nbsp;Lucas Dupont Giumbelli,&nbsp;Talita Trapp,&nbsp;Paola Daiane Welter,&nbsp;Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi,&nbsp;Sandro José Giacomini,&nbsp;Gustavo Brunetto,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto Ceretta,&nbsp;Paulo Belli Filho","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08090-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08090-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Manure from pig farming has an agronomic value and it is often used for fertilization. However, as manure has unbalanced amounts of nutrients such as N and C, it contributes to increased emissions of N₂O to the atmosphere. This study evaluated N₂O emissions in soil with treated with pig slurry (PS) and swine manure compost (SMC). The study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in an experiment, in southern Brazil. The system was minimal tillage with black oat and corn. The treatments were control, swine manure compost + mineral fertilization (SMC + MF) and pig slurry + mineral fertilization (PS + MF). The measurements of N₂O fluxes were carried out throughout the crop cycle with static chambers. Cumulative emission values, as well as crop yield and emission values per ton produced were compared with one another by the LSD test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In general, the largest fluxes of N₂O were found in soil fertilized with PS + MF. There were intense emission peaks after PS application. Cumulative annual emissions of N₂O differed among treatments. Values ranged from 0.62 to 3.15 kg ha⁻¹ N₂O-N in control and PS + MF soil, respectively, representing a relative increase of 508%. The soil with SMC + MF showed a similar behavior to the control, with a cumulative annual emission of 0.65 kg ha⁻¹ N₂O-N. The soil with SMC helped to significantly reduce N₂O emissions in 4.8 times compared to the one with PS. This result highlights the use of compost as an alternative strategy to slurry to reduce N₂O emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising Multi-Oxide Decorated Graphene Nanomaterials from Nickel Slag for Voltammetric Sensor Electrodes","authors":"Zul Arham,&nbsp;Muhammad Nurdin,&nbsp;Kurniawan Kurniawan,&nbsp;Ismaun Ismaun,&nbsp;Maulidiyah Maulidiyah,&nbsp;Akrajas Ali Umar,&nbsp;Sitti Jaria Ndora,&nbsp;Fika Ferlita","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08095-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08095-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Waste processing such as nickel slag into multi-application nanomaterials (NSWN) has become the latest trend in environmental chemistry for the last year. Nickel slag is rich in silica oxide (SiO₂), alumina (Al₂O₃), and magnesium oxide (MgO) which has great potential to be used as an active material in renewable energy or electrochemical sensors. In this study, we modified nickel slag and studied its effect on the reversibility of graphene electrodes in solutions containing [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻/[Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ and lead metal (Pb²⁺) species. NSWN modification was carried out through acid leaching and thermal variations using temperatures of 400–600°C. Mixing of graphene and Multi Oxide-NSWN (MO-SNWN/Graphene) was carried out at a constant temperature of 80°C using paraffin oil as a binder. During the observation, the electrocatalytic properties of MO-NSWN were studied using cyclic voltammetry techniques. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results showed that thermal variations caused the morphology of NSWN in the form of irregular polygons to become small particles with smooth and dense surfaces. The calculation of the average particle diameter of NSWN using the Debye–Scherrer equation shows that thermal modification produces an average particle diameter of around 26–28 nm. The application of MO-NSWN as a Graphene electrode modifier shows excellent electrochemical reversibility properties in the Fe(CN)₆³⁻/Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻ solution system with an Ipa/Ipc value of ~ 1. Similar things are shown in the application of MO-SNWN/Graphene in a test solution containing lead metal ions (Pb²⁺). The presence of MO-SNWN increases the anodic and cathodic currents when the redox reaction of Pb²⁺ ions takes place. Other results illustrate that MO-SNWN/Graphene has good sensitivity and stability during the detection of Pb²⁺ ions. Overall, the results obtained in this work provide an overview of the good electrocatalytic properties of MO-NSWN. MO-NSWN can be further modified and applied as an electrode modifier material in wider applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Impact of Polyamide Microplastics on Ceftiofur Sodium Migration in Porous Media: Experimental and Modeling Insights","authors":"Yanna Chen,&nbsp;Ming Wu,&nbsp;Zhou Cheng,&nbsp;Yanru Hao,&nbsp;Cehui Mo,&nbsp;Qusheng Li,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wu,&nbsp;Jichun Wu,&nbsp;Bill X. Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08089-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyamide (PA) and cephalosporin, specifically ceftiofur sodium (CTFS), are commonly found in soil environments. The impact of microplastics on the transport of cephalosporin cannot be disregarded due to their surface hydrophobicity and large specific surface area. This study investigates the influence of PA microplastics on the transport of CTFS in porous media through a combination of experimental and numerical modeling approaches, investigating how environmental factors affect CTFS transport. The adsorption of CTFS on PA is inversely correlated with the increase in ionic strength, specifically with the presence of Na⁺, Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺ ions. This suggests a significant impact of ionic strength on the adsorption process. Experimental findings indicate that higher mass fractions of PA result in greater retention of CTFS within the columns. Conversely, elevated flow velocities and initial CTFS concentrations facilitate the migration of CTFS in PA-silica sand (SS) mixed porous media. Additionally, the migration of CTFS is modeled using the advection–dispersion equation (ADE) with first-order kinetics, yielding a coefficient of determination (R²) exceeding 0.95. Subsequently, the correlation between kinetic parameters of CTFS and various environmental factors such as PA%, flow velocity, initial concentration, and ionic types and strengths is determined. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the environmental interactions between microplastic particles and antibiotics within porous media, and offer a scientific foundation for precise forecasting and evaluation of the environmental hazards posed by microplastic contamination in soil-groundwater system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Traits Driving Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Aggressive Spread and Ecosystem Disruption","authors":"Ummar Iqbal,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab,&nbsp;Sadaf Rafiq,&nbsp;Sibgha Noreen,&nbsp;Sana Abid,&nbsp;Muhammad Sharif,&nbsp;Mehboob Ahmad,&nbsp;Muhammad Yousuf","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08045-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08045-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water hyacinth is a highly invasive aquatic macrophyte that presents significant ecological and socio-economic challenges, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Ten populations of <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i> were collected from ecologically distinct aquatic environments in Punjab to evaluate growth and anatomical traits that contribute to the ecological success of this invasive species under varying water conditions. Structural adaptations related to roots and leaves exhibited phenotypic variation across different habitats. In high-salinity and polluted environments, such as feeder canals, <i>E. crassipes</i> exhibited protective adaptations, including reduced growth, smaller leaves, and minimal modifications in root and leaf tissues. The population from irrigation canals displayed intermediate growth, characterized by enhanced storage and vascular tissues, which facilitated efficient resource allocation. In less stressed environments, such as headworks, the plant showed rapid growth and resource acquisition strategies, developing larger dermal, storage, and vascular tissues, along with increased leaf thickness, chlorenchyma, and cortex. Notably, <i>E. crassipes</i> exhibited pronounced lacunae and larger vascular bundles surrounded by a thicker bundle sheath cell layer, indicative of C₄ Kranz anatomy. The plants from highly polluted waters exhibited larger lysigenous cavities, a lignified endodermis in roots, and specialized palisade mesophyll in leaves, aiding buoyancy and survival in degraded aquatic ecosystems. These features collectively contribute to <i>E. crassipes</i> adaptability in diverse aquatic habitats, including headworks, feeder canals, irrigation canals, and polluted water bodies. Effective management strategies should be tailored to local water conditions and incorporate both biological and physical controls.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons from Water Samples Using Solid Phase Extraction and Analysis Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"Lebogang Masemola,&nbsp;Adivhaho Khwathisi,&nbsp;Dakalo Ndou,&nbsp;Nikita Tavengwa,&nbsp;Tebogo Mokgehle","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08031-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08031-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pervasive toxic chemicals that occur as a result of long-term anthropogenic induced pollution. In this study, a column extraction set-up incorporating avocado peel powder was applied for removal of PAHs; naphthalene and anthracene from Nandoni Dam, an essential source of drinking water within the Thulamela district in Limpopo, South Africa. Parameters that were optimized in the extraction of these pollutants include sorbent diameter, concentration of standard PAHs, mass of sorbent, sample pH, loading volume, elution solvent, and elution volume. In this study, avocado peels powder was used as the sorbent. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used as the instrument of analysis, and it showed that SPE was effective in the extraction of PAHs using a sorbent size of 16 µm and a standard concentration of 9 mg L⁻¹. The results also revealed that the optimum sorbent mass was 250 mg with toluene as the elution solvent. Maximum recovery of the PAHs was observed to be at sample pH 7 with 75 mL as the loading volume and 5 mL as the elution volume. The detection of PAHs from real water samples proved that the SPE method is effective in the extraction of wastewaters with avocado peels as the sorbent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08031-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Heavy Metal Interactions with pH, Organic Matter and Clays on Soil Toxicity, Under Wastewater and Biosolid Reuse","authors":"Anastasia Kolokotsa,&nbsp;Prodromos H. Koukoulakis,&nbsp;Spyros S. Kyritsis,&nbsp;Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08069-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08069-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experiment of randomized block design, was conducted in a soil which was simulated to create equidistant levels between the desired characteristics of soil, such as clay, organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, heavy metals and micro and macro nutrients, respectively. These simulated soil characteristics were attained by applying the appropriate quantities of the following substances on virgin soil: (i)- sterile fine particle sand of the type, (ii)- CaO, biosolids (iii)- mixtures of salts of heavy metals, for the enhancement of the equidistant levels between the soil characteristics, and (iv)- biosolids for the enhancement of the organic matter. The aim of the experiment was the investigation of the relation between soil toxicity as expressed by the soil toxicity indices and the interactive elemental contribution in heavy metals and the impact of incubation time over a period of 358 days. The studied interactions included heavy metals with pH, organic matter, clay, electrical conductivity, heavy metals and micro and macro nutrients. The regression analysis of the experimental soil data produced numerous statistically significant elemental interactions that ultimately contributed significant levels of heavy metals related to soil toxicity and was thus shown that these interactive activities constitute important regulatory factors of soil toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remediation of Fine Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals Using Fishery Waste Products and Starfish (Asterina Pectinifera)","authors":"Sang Hyeop Park,&nbsp;Deok Hyun Moon,&nbsp;Jinsung An,&nbsp;Agamemnon Koutsospyros","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08072-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08072-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high-pressure soil washing process is very effective for emergency recovery of heavy metal contaminated soil. However, fine soils with high levels of heavy metals could be generated. This study investigates the stabilization of heavy metals in fine soils using discarded mussel shells, clam shells, and starfish. These materials, processed into natural (-#10 mesh, -#20 mesh) and calcined (-#10 mesh) forms, were added to contaminated soil at 0–10 wt% and wet cured for 28 days. Stabilization efficiency was evaluated through 0.1 M HCl extraction. The stabilization results showed that calcined agents generally exhibited higher efficiency than natural agents. Among the natural agents, the order of stabilization efficiency was starfish &gt; clam shell &gt; mussel shell. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) analysis confirmed the contribution of pozzolanic products in stabilizing heavy metals. Optimal application rates for the reduction in metal elution of 80% or greater were 10 wt% for natural clam shell, 8 wt% for natural starfish (-#20), 4 wt% for calcined mussel and clam shells (-#10), and 2 wt% for calcined starfish (-#10). These results suggest that discarded shells and starfish can be effectively reused for stabilizing heavy metal-contaminated soil, offering an environmentally friendly solution to waste disposal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Effects of Warming and Nitrogen Addition on soil CO2 Emission in a Semi-Arid Grassland on the Loess Plateau of China","authors":"Mingfeng Jiang,&nbsp;Zhun Tian,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Zihan Sun,&nbsp;Yang Peng,&nbsp;Chao Fang","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08075-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08075-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The responses of soil CO₂ emission to global changes are crucial for predicting the future terrestrial carbon cycle. However, the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on soil CO₂ emissions during different seasons still remains unclear. A field manipulative experiment was conducted from November 2016 to October 2017 in a semi-arid grassland on the Loess Plateau of China to study the seasonal responses of cumulative soil CO₂ emission to temperature increase and nitrogen addition. Open-top chambers were used to elevate temperature and N was added as NH₄NO₃ at a rate of 4.42 g N m⁻² yr⁻¹.The results showed that warming significantly decreased the cumulative soil CO₂ emission and soil microbial metabolic rate by 14.7% and 17.6% in the growing season, respectively, but increased both of them by 19.5% and 40.3% in the non-growing season. Nitrogen addition did not change the cumulative soil CO₂ emission but decreased the soil microbial metabolic rate by 11.6% in the growing season, whereas significantly decreased the cumulative soil CO₂ emission and soil microbial metabolic rate by 20.3% and 21.2% in the non-growing season. Warming significantly decreased soil pH by 1% and water content by 2.5% and 29.8% and increased inorganic nitrogen by 291.6%; while nitrogen addition significantly decreased soil pH and increased inorganic nitrogen by 183.3%. The correlation analysis showed that the decreases in soil moisture (r = 0.636, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and pH (r = 0.746, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) played a major regulatory role in regulating the cumulative soil CO₂ emission during the growing season, while microbial metabolic rate (r = 0.944, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) played a dominant role during the non-growing season. These results implied that there is an urgent need to incorporate soil moisture and pH in the growing season and microbial metabolic rate in the non-growing seasons in regulating soil CO₂ emission into terrestrial ecosystem process models for more accurately predicting the carbon cycle under future global changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetics of Organic Matter Removal in Olive Mill Wastewater and Cheese Whey Effluent Using Microfiltration Membrane","authors":"Ezgi Oktav Akdemir,&nbsp;Sevgi Tokgöz Güneş","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08046-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08046-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a laboratory-scale microfiltration membrane system was operated with olive oil industry wastewater (OMW) and cheese whey effluent (CWE) with chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations of 54 and 65.6 g/L at flow rates (Q) of 100, 150, and 200 L/h, pressures of 1 and 2 bar, filtration times considered as four different hydraulic retention time (θ) of 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, respectively. COD removal efficiencies decreased with decreasing θ from 120 to 30 min and increasing pressure. Considering all experimental results, COD removal efficiencies at 1 and 2 bar pressure were calculated at 40.6%-52.3% and 38.9%-48.0% for OMW and 20.7%-30.8% and 13.8%-29.1% for CWM, respectively. In this study, mathematical models such as first-order kinetics, Grau second-order, and Modified Stover-Kincannon models were applied to determine the organic matter removal kinetics of the microfiltration membrane system. The model’s kinetic parameters were determined by linear regression using the experimental data. The predicted effluent COD concentrations were calculated using the kinetic constants. Grau second-order and Modified Stover-Kincannon models were found to be more consistent with the observed data. According to Grau second-order model results, k_2(s), a and b values were calculated in the range of 4.03–5.44 1/min, 1.81–2.20 and 9.93–13.39 for OMW and 0.48- 2.351/min, 3.05–3.36 and 27.90–137.23 for CWE, respectively. For the modified Stover-Kincannon model, U_max and K_B values were calculated in the range of 4.034–5.438 g/L.min and 7.921–11.468 g/L.min for OMW and 0.478–2.351 g/L.min and 1.554–7.904 g/L.min for CWE, respectively. The estimated effluent COD concentrations were calculated using kinetic constants. Moreover, the correlation coefficient (R²) obtained for the experimental and predicted effluent COD concentration was above 0.96 for both wastewaters also confirming the suitability of the kinetic models and showing that the models can be used in the kinetics of organic matter removal in microfiltration membrane system design, thus predicting the behavior of the membrane for treating olive oil industry wastewater and cheese whey effluent. The experimental results obtained in this study are expected to be used as a reference for determining organic matter removal kinetics in membrane systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08046-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Rhamnolipid-Cell Free Broth in Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Potentially Toxic Metals: A Study of Metal Contaminant Adsorption","authors":"Gislene S. Souza,&nbsp;Joane A. Alves,&nbsp;Emanuele P. Lima,&nbsp;Lucas M. S. Pimentel,&nbsp;Giulian C. S. Sá,&nbsp;Charlie G. Gomes,&nbsp;Emilly C. Silva,&nbsp;Sidnei C. Santos","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08061-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08061-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Industrial growth and anthropogenic activities have resulted in the improper release of toxic substances, such as potentially hazardous metallic species into the soil and disrupting the trophic chain. To address this pressing issue, this research has focused on developing environmentally friendly methodologies for soil remediation. This study investigated the efficacy of rhamnolipid cell-free broth (RCFB), derived from the production by the bacterium <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> BM02, in removing Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cr²⁺ species from contaminated soil. Furthermore, there is the novelty of applying soil washing with unpurified biosurfactant, making the process much more economical and sustainable. The RCFB was optimized using a central composite design (CCD) with a 2⁴ × 2 factorial arrangement, evaluating independent variables such as concentration of magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and andiroba (<i>Carapa guianensis</i> Aublet) biomass waste, along with incubation time. Characterization of the functional groups and surfactant properties of RCFB was conducted, and the theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of RCFB for Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cr²⁺ were 149.2 ± 0.10 mg/Kg, 120.1 ± 0.14 mg/Kg and 118.13 ± 0.12 mg/Kg, respectively. The removal process followed in accordance with the pseudo first order model and, according to the observed data, a satisfactory fit of the adsorption results to the Langmuir model was obtained for all metal ions. These findings suggest that RCFB can be used as a promising chelating eluent for bioremediation of contaminated soils by metallic species. This research is innovative due to the sustainable, economical and rapid process of obtaining the biosurfactant, emerging as an ecological alternative to chemical surfactants, which can be toxic and persistent in the environment. In addition, the application of free broth avoids the use of toxic solvents associated with the extraction and purification process of the biosurfactant, making it a more sustainable and economical choice.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}