Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Magnetic Hydrochar Derived from Waste Cigarette Butts as a Dye Adsorbent","authors":"Gui-Bing Hong,&nbsp;Tzu-Yu Chiu,&nbsp;Wang-De Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09996-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09996-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cigarette butts (CBs) are a major source of persistent solid waste and pose environmental risks due to their toxic constituents and low biodegradability. Converting CBs into functional materials provides a sustainable approach for both waste management and environmental remediation. Although previous studies have reported the conversion of cigarette butts into hydrochar, activated carbon, and magnetic adsorbents, systematic investigations correlating the physicochemical properties, adsorption behavior, and adsorption mechanisms of magnetic hydrochar remain limited. Therefore, this study developed a magnetic hydrochar (MHC) from discarded cigarette filter tips via phosphoric-acid-assisted hydrothermal carbonization followed by co-precipitation magnetization. The prepared MHC was comprehensively characterized using BET, SEM, FTIR, XRD, UV–Vis, and XPS analyses. The adsorption performance of MHC toward methylene blue (MB) was evaluated under different initial concentrations, solution pH, adsorbent dosages, contact times, and temperatures. Optimal MB removal was achieved at an initial concentration of 200 ppm, pH 11, an adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L⁻¹, and 60 °C. The adsorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, while the equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 396 mg g⁻¹. Mechanistic analyses indicated that MB adsorption was dominated by electrostatic attraction, together with hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, and pore diffusion. The prepared MHC also exhibited convenient magnetic separation, demonstrating its potential as a low-cost, waste-derived, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment while providing a sustainable valorization strategy for discarded cigarette butts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Metal-Specific Phytoremediation Potential of a Wetland Macrophyte (Nasturtium Officinale L.) Across Industrial Wastewater Types","authors":"Sertac Kaya,&nbsp;Melek Yilmaz Kaya","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09998-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09998-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Industrial activities generate wastewaters containing heavy metals that pose substantial risks to aquatic environments and associated biota. Phytoremediation has therefore gained increasing attention as a low-impact approach for mitigating metal contamination in polluted waters. In this study, the metal-specific phytoremediation potential of a wetland macrophyte (<i>Nasturtium officinale</i> L.) was evaluated using industrial wastewaters derived from metal processing, textile, food, chemical, forest products, and waste management sectors under controlled greenhouse conditions. Heavy metal concentrations were determined in inlet and outlet waters as well as in plant tissues (root, branch, and leaf). Bioaccumulation factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were calculated to characterize metal uptake and internal distribution, while plant growth performance was assessed using changes in projected plant area. The results showed strong metal-specific variability. Removal of total toxic metals (Cd + Pb + Cr) reached up to 88.93%, while negative removal was observed in several treatments, indicating inconsistent performance. BCF values ranged from 0.11 to 674.28, while TF values ranged from 1.06 to 2.34, reflecting highly variable uptake and moderate translocation. Pb showed the strongest negative correlation with plant growth (ρ = − 0.65). By integrating inlet–outlet metal dynamics, organ-specific accumulation, BCF–TF relationships, and growth responses across multiple industrial wastewater types, this study provides a screening-level assessment of phytoremediation behavior. Overall, the findings suggest that <i>N. officinale</i> exhibits highly variable, metal-dependent phytoremediation responses, with greater potential for stabilization than phytoextraction, emphasizing the importance of considering both removal efficiency and plant performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depth Wise Soil Quality Modeling Using GIS Based Integrated Techniques: A Case Study in Talwandi Sabo, Punjab, India","authors":"Amrinder Singh,&nbsp;Mahesh Chand Singh,&nbsp;Koyel Sur,&nbsp;Sunil Garg,&nbsp;Brijesh Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;J. P. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09980-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09980-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil quality plays a vital role in sustainable agricultural productivity especially in intensively cultivated regions of Punjab, India. This study aims to develop a novel depth wise integrated Soil Quality Index (SQI) classification framework that combines geostatistical interpolation with PCA-based weighted scoring across multiple soil depths in the Talwandi Sabo block of Bathinda district, Punjab. A total of 150 soil samples were collected from 0–15, 15–30 and 30–60 cm depths. Physical and chemical analysis was carried out for pH, EC, OC, N, P, K, S, BD and texture. Spatial interpolation using kriging and PCA-based weighted scoring were employed to generate depth-wise integrated SQI maps. Results showed that the soil was predominantly alkaline with mean pH increasing from 8.25 at the surface to 8.49 at 30–60 cm while EC remained low to moderate (0.51–0.56dS/m). OC declined sharply with depth ranging from 0.52% in the surface to 0.23% in subsurface layers and available nitrogen decreased from 143.65 to 120.67 kg/ha. Phosphorus declined with depth from 4.27 kg/ha to 3.68 kg/ha and potassium showed moderate variability with depth from 162 kg/ha to 151 kg/ha whereas sulphur content remained within 13–17 kg/ha. Bulk density increased from 1.23 to 1.25 g/cm³ with increase in depth. Texture was dominated by sandy loam with 68–72% sand. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships of OC with all the nutrients while pH showed negative correlations with N and K at 0–15 cm depth underscoring the central role of OC in regulating soil fertility. Correlations become moderate at 15–30 cm depth and weakest in 30–60 cm depth. SQI revealed strong spatial heterogeneity. The study highlights quantitative decline of soil fertility with depth and underscores the need for site-specific nutrient management, organic carbon enhancement and salinity sodicity mitigation strategies to ensure sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment-Linked Microplastic Exposure in Edible Freshwater Fish Across Tropical Lentic and Lotic Systems","authors":"Rungnapa Tagun,&nbsp;Aomhatai Deethae,&nbsp;Tatporn Kunpradid","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10002-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10002-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Freshwater sediments may constitute a more persistent microplastic (MP) exposure source for edible fish than the overlying water column, yet this relationship has rarely been evaluated by simultaneously sampling water, sediment, and biota in tropical systems. MPs were quantified in surface water, sediment, and fish gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) at 22 lentic and lotic sites in northern Thailand; 185 fish from 13 edible species were included. Sediment MP concentration had a median of 10.0 items kg⁻¹ dw (IQR 24.0) and showed a robust and consistent positive association with fish GIT burden in negative binomial regression (IRR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.88–3.12; p &lt; 0.001). Water-column concentration was not a significant predictor of fish GIT burden (IRR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.69–1.06). Fish GIT burden did not differ between habitat types (W = 3194, p = 0.239) despite higher water-column concentrations in lentic systems (p = 0.032), suggesting that sediment-associated processes may contribute to fish MP exposure across both hydrological settings. Water-based relative compartmental burden ratios (RCBRs) were higher in lotic habitats, a pattern consistent with episodic bed resuspension not captured by routine grab sampling. MP burden differed among the 13 species (H = 28.37, p = 0.005, ε² = 0.095), with <i>Barbonymus schwanenfeldii</i> showing the highest mean GIT burden (1.90 items g⁻¹), whereas feeding guild was not significant. These findings support the importance of sediment as an environmental reservoir associated with MP burden in tropical edible freshwater fish and suggest that water-only monitoring may underestimate organism-level exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Fluorescent Nanocomposite System (AlgMMT@BDots) Embedding Carbon Quantum Dots Derived From Babassu (Attalea speciosa) Fibers for Optical Detection and Integrated Removal of Water Pollutants","authors":"Adriano R. Silva,&nbsp;Dante S. Silva,&nbsp;Yasmin S. Medeiros,&nbsp;José R. Santos,&nbsp;Jamily L. dos Santos,&nbsp;Ananias L. dos Santos,&nbsp;Suellen B. P. Vieira,&nbsp;Giulian César S. Sá,&nbsp;Daniel G. Santos Quattrociocchi,&nbsp;Leandro A. Pocrifka,&nbsp;Emilly C. Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09977-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09977-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The contamination of water resources by organic and emerging pollutants requires the development of multi-functional materials capable of simultaneous remediation and monitoring. Herein, we report an innovative, eco-friendly dual-functional nanocomposite (AlgMMT@BDots) designed through the strategic immobilization of fluorescent carbon quantum dots derived from Amazonian Babassu (<i>Attalea speciosa</i>) fibers into an alginate-montmorillonite hydrogel matrix. Unlike conventional systems, the structural integration of these biopolymer-derived BDots triggers a synergistic morphological rearrangement, promoting clay lamellar disorder and expanding the fibrous network. This architectural shift was quantitatively confirmed by BET analysis, which revealed a massive four-fold increase in specific surface area (from 480.2 to 1063.1 m²/g) and a 15-fold expansion in total pore volume, along with an optimized swelling capacity (1045%). Functionally, the AlgMMT@BDots platform demonstrates high coupled efficiency for both remediation and optical sensing: it acts as an effective bulk adsorbent and highly sensitive chemosensor, with methylene blue (MB) exhibiting superior uptake and fluorescence quenching efficiency (K_SVa = 8.5 M⁻¹; log K_a = 0.33) compared to estradiol valerate (EV) (K_SVa = 6.6 M⁻¹; log K_a = 0.21) driven by synergistic electrostatic and surface state interactions. The Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.28 µg/L and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of 0.93 µg/L to the chemosensor were calculated. The material demonstrated excellent mechanical and optical stability over five consecutive cycles. This study advances the practical design of sustainable biocomposites, bridging circular regional economy with high-performance real-time water monitoring and remediation.</p><h3>Graphic Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-026-09977-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered Biochar for Black and Odorous Water Remediation: Multi-Mechanism Coupling and Performance Aging Behavior — A Review","authors":"Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Linlin Cui,&nbsp;Yun Liu,&nbsp;Hao Zhou,&nbsp;Zhu Chen,&nbsp;Guanzhou Qiu,&nbsp;Li Shen,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09981-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09981-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Black and odorous water bodies have become a pressing environmental issue. The root cause lies in excessive organic loading paired with persistent anaerobic conditions. Biochar, due to its low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness, is seen as a promising material for remediation. Still, most studies to date focus on single mechanisms. They often overlook the synergistic interactions that occur in complex aquatic environments, not to mention the long-term evolution of biochar’s performance. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of biochar-based remediation, with a distinct focus on the interplay of multi-mechanism coupling and time-dependent performance evolution. While biochar properties, tailored through feedstock selection, pyrolysis parameters, and modification strategies, facilitate the removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, and nutrients, the remediation process is not a static event. Instead, pollutant removal is driven by the dynamic integration of physical adsorption, chemical transformation, microbial processes, and environmental regulation. Importantly, this review clarifies that while current evidence is predominantly derived from laboratory-scale experiments with limited real-world applications, these findings provide valuable mechanistic insights that highlight biochar's great potential for practical black and odorous water remediation. Furthermore, the review identifies aging-induced deterioration, such as structural collapse, functional group passivation, and biofilm overgrowth, as a critical bottleneck that limits long-term efficiency and may trigger potential environmental risks.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Network Wood Aerogel with Carboxyl-Rich Hierarchical Structure for Efficient Cu2+ Removal from Water","authors":"Gang Ma,&nbsp;Wanqi Zhang,&nbsp;Fengbin Tao,&nbsp;Xiaotao Zhang,&nbsp;Huaqiong Duo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09987-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09987-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal contamination of water is a major environmental issue, and adsorption is considered an effective treatment method because of its simplicity, high efficiency, and low energy consumption. In this study, a dual-network wood aerogel (DNWA) was fabricated from fast-growing poplar for Cu²⁺ adsorption. Delignified wood aerogel was first prepared and subsequently carboxylated via TEMPO-mediated oxidation. A poly(acrylic acid) network was then introduced through vacuum impregnation and in situ polymerization to construct the dual-network structure. Characterization results demonstrated that DNWA possessed hierarchical porosity and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, providing enhanced active sites and mass transfer pathways. Under optimal conditions, the maximum Cu²⁺ adsorption capacity reached 292.15 mg⋅g⁻¹, significantly higher than that of unmodified wood aerogels. Moreover, DNWA still maintained a high Cu²⁺ adsorption capacity in the presence of common coexisting ions, demonstrating its potential for treating complex water bodies. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model, indicating that it is mainly monolayer chemical adsorption. FTIR and XPS analyses further indicated that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were the main active sites for Cu²⁺ coordination and complexation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater and Surface Water Quality for Irrigation in the Brazilian Semi-arid Region: Hydrochemical and Microbiological Assessment","authors":"Francisco Éder Rodrigues de Oliveira,&nbsp;Rafael Oliveira Batista,&nbsp;Jeane Cruz Portela,&nbsp;João Luiz Lima,&nbsp;Ramona Rodrigues de Amaro Oliveira,&nbsp;Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes,&nbsp;Caetano Alves de Lima Neto,&nbsp;Erlen Kaline Ávila do Nascimento,&nbsp;Alessandra Nunes da Silva,&nbsp;Paulo Ricardo Chagas Oliveira,&nbsp;Maurício Vinicius Rodrigues,&nbsp;Andler Milton de Paiva Oliveira,&nbsp;Eulene Francisco da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09986-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09986-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anthropogenic pressures and climate change are increasing the risk of water quality degradation in semi-arid regions, particularly where water resources are intensively exploited for irrigation. This study evaluated the quality of groundwater (wells tapping sedimentary and crystalline aquifers) and surface water (the Jaguaribe River and the Orós Reservoir) in Ceará, Brazil, through physicochemical and microbiological analyses, irrigation suitability indices, and multivariate statistical approaches. The results revealed pronounced seasonal variability. During the dry season, wells located in the crystalline basement (G8 and G9) exhibited electrical conductivity values exceeding 0.93 dS m⁻¹ and total dissolved solids above 600 mg L⁻¹, characterizing brackish waters, together with elevated concentrations of iron (up to 5.74 mg L⁻¹ in G4) and manganese (&gt; 1.6 mg L⁻¹ in G3). The highest pH value (9.6) was recorded at site R7, suggesting eutrophication-related processes. Although the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) remained low (&lt; 3), the soluble sodium percentage exceeded 50% at R12. In comparison, the magnesium hazard index surpassed 50% at most sites during the dry season, indicating a potential risk of soil structural degradation. In the rainy season, dilution reduced salinity levels but increased microbiological contamination, with Escherichia coli detected in wells (G2 and G3) and river sites (R7 and R12), ranging from 9.3 to 15 CFU. In contrast, total coliform counts reached 46 MPN mL⁻¹. Principal Component Analysis distinguished the effects of lithology and evapoconcentration, with the first two components explaining 61.1% of the total variance. These findings provide valuable insights for water monitoring and sustainable management to enhance water and agricultural security in semi-arid regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-026-09986-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Heavy Metals by Biochar using Microfluidic Technology from Contaminated Water","authors":"Priyadarshani Rajput,&nbsp;Tatiana Minkina,&nbsp;Vishnu D. Rajput,&nbsp;Alexander Soldatov,&nbsp;Mikhail Kirichkov,&nbsp;Dina Nevidomskaya,&nbsp;Saglara Mandzhieva,&nbsp;Tatiana Bauer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09975-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09975-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Removal of heavy metals (HM) ions from water and soil system is a global issue and requires sustainable and efficient remediation technology. The effectiveness of the integration of instrumental control methods based on microfluidic systems and environmentally friendly, affordable sorbents to optimize and enhance the sorption capacity of HMs such as Ni⁺², Zn⁺², Cr⁺³, and Cu⁺² has been demonstrated in the present work. The mechanisms of sorption capacity of biochar (grapevine), biochar nanocomposite based on CoFe₂O_4, and ZIF-8 were explored using various concentrations of HM ions. The polluted water was passed through microfluidic channels, and the results indicate that the biochar effectively remediated HM ions, i.e., Ni⁺², Zn⁺², Cr⁺³ and Cu⁺². Using the XRF method, it was revealed that the HM ions were evenly distributed on the sorbent surface. The considered sorbents efficiently worked as an adsorbent for removal of HM ions. The obtained results made it possible to determine the adsorption of metal ions, considering the saturation time of the sorbents using microfluidic system at low cost and with precision to detect and eliminate pollutants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal Efficiency of Different Pretreated Qingke Straw Carbon Sources and Microbial Response Mechanisms","authors":"Chen Xiangyu,&nbsp;Wang Renxu,&nbsp;Zong Yongchen,&nbsp;Wang Yansong,&nbsp;Zhang Jiajing,&nbsp;Zheng Yuhao,&nbsp;Liu Shibo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-09934-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-09934-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to explore the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a laboratory-scale SBR reactor under plateau habitats by using different pretreated highland barley straw fermentation broths as external carbon sources. It investigates the evolution of microorganisms and changes in community structure, conducts a correlation analysis between microorganisms and environmental factors, and examines the changes in microbial community structure and six nitrogen metabolism functional modules. The results indicate that the addition of acid- or alkali-pretreated highland barley straw fermentation broth maintains a high removal rate of NH4 + in the reactor, at 89.30% (acid treatment) and 92.26% (alkali treatment) respectively. The addition of acid treatment shows the best COD removal rate (76.96%), slightly higher than that of the S4 device (73.16%). The TP removal rate of each device exhibits significant fluctuations and remains at a relatively low level overall. Acid treatment releases more carbon sources, with a COD content up to 2000 mg·L⁻¹ and a complex composition. Only 25% of the carbon sources can be rapidly degraded. Alkali treatment produces the most carbon, with a COD content above 6000 mg·L⁻¹, but some carbon sources are difficult to utilize, and only three rapidly degradable carbon sources, namely 2-Heptanone, 2-Octanone, and 3-Octanone, account for about 30%. Different pretreatment methods of highland barley straw fermentation broth as external carbon sources result in an increase in the abundance and diversity of microbial communities, affecting the direction of microbial community succession. The top five species at the genus level in each device include: unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae, norank_f__Chitinophagaceae, Thauera, norank_o__Saccharimonadales, and norank_f__Saprospiraceae. Among them, unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae and norank_o__Saccharimonadales have been detected in related studies under plateau habitats. The addition of fermentation broth significantly inhibits three functional modules: denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction, and complete digestion, while enhancing three functional modules: nitrate assimilation and reduction, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal process in plateau habitats requires enhanced treatment for the phosphorus removal process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}