Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes using Graphene Oxide and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2-GO) Heterojunction","authors":"Hossein Jabbar Abdullah Al-ogeily,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Shabanian,&nbsp;Ghasem Dashtpeyma","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07836-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07836-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water is the main source required for the survival of humans, animals and plants that has been contaminated by humans with various and dangerous pollutants such as dyes. This study focuses on the photocatalytic method for the purification of wastewater containing dyes. The TiO₂ photocatalyst was modified with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles to examine their properties and evaluates their photocatalytic activity. The crystalline, physicochemical, and photocatalytic properties of the synthesized samples were measured using different analyses like XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDS-MAP, DLS, UV–Vis DRS and PL. The synthesized photocatalysts were analyzed for the photocatalytic elimination of crystal violet cationic dye under visible irradiation. The outcome indicated that the bandgap of titanium dioxide decreased from 3.2 eV to 2.79 eV after composite formation with graphene oxide, which is capable of degrading the dye in the visible light region. The TiO₂/GO nanocomposite showed a 96% performance in the degradation of crystal violet dye in optimal conditions, including a pH of 8, a photocatalyst dosage of 0.02 g, a primary dye concentration of 10 ppm, and a reaction time of 90 min. In addition, it was shown that hydroxyl and superoxide radicals play the main roles and have the primary effect in degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Urbanized Section of the Delaware River Watershed: Risk Assessment and Geographical Distribution","authors":"Elham Akbari,&nbsp;Tanishka Shah,&nbsp;Kelsey Nazaruk,&nbsp;Rominder Suri,&nbsp;Jeremy Conkle,&nbsp;Gangadhar Andaluri","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07835-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07835-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the prevalence and risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Delaware River, analyzing 23 water samples collected in 2019 and 2021. The concentration of prevalent chemicals (PFTeDA, PFTrDA, and PFDS) were significantly reduced from average values of 461.67 ng/L, 447.63 ng/L, and 137.10 ng/L between 2019 and 2021, as determined by the analysis of PFAS levels. The most prevalent chemicals in 2021 were PFOA and 6:2FTS, with average concentrations of 5.37 ng/L and 4.23 ng/L, respectively. Based on EPA guidelines, the study assessed environmental and human health hazards from the compounds in the source of drinking water samples using the risk quotient (RQ) and Hazard Index (HI). Following 2016 EPA guidelines, 75% of 2019 and 2021 source water samples had medium risk levels for combined PFOA and PFOS, while the rest were low risk. The RQ of the samples based on 2022 EPA guidelines showed high risk in 92.3% and 38.4% of 2019 collected samples for PFOA and PFOS, respectively. Based on their RQs, all the source water samples in 2021 showed high-risk levels of PFOA. Additionally, the 2023 EPA Hazard Index (HI) approach showed that PFBS, PFHxS, PFNA, and HFPO-DA do not exceed the threshold value. These results underscore the necessity of continuous monitoring and regulation to reduce the adverse effects of PFAS contamination on the Delaware River ecosystem and public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-07835-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pumice Adsorption of Radionuclides from Liquids: Optimization and Modeling","authors":"M. A. Gatea","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07833-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07833-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear operations generate significant amounts of radioactive liquids (RLs), posing a severe threat to the environment. Effective decontamination of RLs remains a challenge. This study introduces pumice as a novel, sustainable, and economical adsorbent for radionuclides removal. The characteristics of pure pumice were verified through X-ray diffraction, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of pumice in removing radionuclides from RLs. The gross alpha, beta, and gamma technique was used to concurrently radiologically characterize the RLs before and after decontamination. The operating conditions for the process included a 5-min stirring time, stirring speed at 100 rpm, mass of pumice 3 g/L, and a pH of 5. Initial gross beta and gamma activities were 29,766 and 4623 Bq/L, respectively, while the experiments were conducted at room temperature. The batch experiments demonstrated that pumice effectively removed 65.77% of gross beta and 61.73% of gross gamma radioactivity. The Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model accurately represented the adsorption process, suggesting a heterogeneity of surfaces and a chemical reaction between radionuclides and active pumice sites. System energy was endothermic and resulted in a decrease in energy dissipation and an increase in system order.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Variability and its Impact on Phytoplankton Communities in Taiwan's Aogu Wetland","authors":"Hong-Thih Lai,&nbsp;Yi-Ming Kuo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07831-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07831-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Aogu Wetland Forest Park in Taiwan, a vital ecological hotspot within the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, faces significant threats from anthropogenic activities, agricultural runoff, and climate variability. This study integrated multiple analytical approaches, including Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), and Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs), to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton communities across six sites over an eight-year monitoring period (2015–2023). Phytoplankton diversity, assessed using Shannon–Wiener and Margalef indices, revealed distinct patterns driven by environmental gradients, with diversity indices ranging from 0.06 (DS2, May) to 2.21 (CS, July). HCA grouped sites into distinct clusters based on nutrient dynamics and salinity, indicating the influence of site-specific conditions. CCA identified ammonia (NH₄-N), nitrate (NO₃-N), temperature, and salinity as the most significant environmental drivers affecting genera-level distributions. GAMM analyses further quantified nonlinear interactions between phytoplankton abundance and key parameters, such as total dissolved solids (TDS), total phosphorus (TP), NH₄-N, and NO₃-N, providing detailed insights into how these factors vary across seasons and sites. The dominance of Cyanobacteria during colder months, with an average winter temperature of 27.8 °C, indicates the heightened risk of harmful algal blooms associated with nutrient enrichment. Seasonal dynamics showed that warmer summer months intensified the effects of nitrate and total phosphorus, driving site-specific phytoplankton proliferation. Adaptive wetland management strategies, including enhanced hydrological connectivity, nutrient runoff reduction, and targeted restoration, are essential to mitigate eutrophication and sustain ecological resilience. This approach provided practical insights for balancing conservation goals with ecosystem services in one of Taiwan’s key wetlands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Changes of Pollutant Concentrations in South India during COVID-19 Lockdown Using Ground and Satellite-based data: a Comparative Analysis from the Machine Learning Model","authors":"Pelati Althaf,&nbsp;Nulu S. M. P. Latha Devi,&nbsp;Kanike Raghavendra Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07824-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07824-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under the COVID-19-induced lockdown, there was a sharp decrease in pollution emissions, which led to previously unheard-of trends in India’s most dangerous pollutants. The study is considered for March-June 2020 to investigate the impact of lockdown on the concentrations of air pollutants, at the four stations in Andhra Pradesh, India. The study period was divided into Before Lockdown (BLD), During Lockdown (Phase-I (P-I), Phase-II (P-II), Phase-III (P-III), Phase-IV (P-IV)) and After Lockdown (ALD). The air pollutant concentrations over four stations were retrieved using in-situ measurements under the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India network. The percentage contribution of PM_2.5 in PM₁₀ was recorded as 60–70% at Tirumala (TML) before lockdown (BLD), Phase-I, Phase-II, and low contribution at Visakhapatnam (VSK) of 10–40%. The maximum reduction in all pollutants recorded at Visakhapatnam (VSK) was up to 30–70%, and the highest reduction in PM₁₀, NO₂, and SO₂ was nearly 35–75% recorded at Tirumala (TML), which shows the effect due to the lack of human activities. In this study, the predominant changes occur in the first phase of the lockdown in all the studied air pollutant’s mean concentrations. Pollutant concentrations decreased across all sites during the lockdown, aligning with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the first time. The Spatial analysis showed varying degrees of improvement across four locations, experiencing a significant decrease in concentrations. Pearson’s correlations between pollutants and meteorological factors indicated that wind speed and direction changes influenced pollutant dispersion. Also, the XGBoost model demonstrated high predictive accuracy for PM_2.5 but tended to underpredict at higher concentrations, especially in complex urban environments. This study is for policymakers to develop precise mitigation strategies for air pollution to create a sustainable Environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classic Theory of Aerosol Filtration for Application to Urban Green Infrastructure","authors":"Nathalie Tomson,&nbsp;Ruby N. Michael,&nbsp;Igor E. Agranovski","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07829-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07829-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of green infrastructure (GI) in urban environments has been widely investigated for its associated ecosystem services including air pollution mitigation. Plants are well-known for their ability of purifying air through photosynthesis and microbial activities occurring in the rhizosphere, however the simple filtration of particulate matter in air by plants is still not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential to adapt classic filtration theory for application in GI design. Two native Australian plants used as filter media were involved in laboratory experiments to remove aerosol particles ranging in size from 0.3 to &gt; 10 µm. A comparison of aerosol removal efficiencies obtained from the laboratory experiments and predicted through classic filtration theory showed good correlation for the smaller (needle-like) leaf system. In contrast, the correlation obtained for a plant with larger elliptical leaves was not as good, showing a larger difference between the results. Such outcomes led to the conclusion that smaller and spatially homogeneous plant systems have more predictable aerosol filtration characteristics, which can be reasonably calculated using filtration theory. This finding provides practical insight into GI design, allowing quantitative predictions of local air pollution reductions using green barriers.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-07829-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the Fate of Metal Contamination in Groundwater and Its Health Risks: Insights from Madurai Block, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Muthuramalingam Rajendran,&nbsp;Prabakaran Kulandaisamy,&nbsp;Kongeswaran Thangaraj,&nbsp;Sivakumar Karthikeyan,&nbsp;Venkatramanan Senapathi,&nbsp;Perumal Velmayil,&nbsp;Muruganantham Arumugam,&nbsp;Saravana Kumar Maluventhi,&nbsp;Sathish Sugumaran,&nbsp;Bangarupriyanga Sundaram","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07820-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07820-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study addresses groundwater quality in Madurai block by examining heavy metal contamination and its potential health risks. Being the second largest city after Chennai, Madurai’s groundwater quality has not been analyzed for heavy metal contamination so far. In 2022, groundwater samples were taken from 60 wells in the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. The heavy metal concentrations of Cu, Cr, Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn were measured. The results showed that most of the groundwater samples exceeded the (World Health Organisation (2019) World health statistics overview: Monitoring health for the sustainable development goals), (Bureau of Indian Standards (2012) Drinking water specifications) and (USEPA (2018) National primary drinking water regulations (EPA 816-F-09–004)) limits for drinking water. A spatial analysis using kriging interpolation in GIS and a multivariate statistical analysis were performed to decipher the interrelationships of the metals. The results indicate different sources of heavy metals, primarily caused by weathering and evaporation in both seasons. Pollution indices such as HPI, HEI and DOC were used to comprehensively assess the extent of metal pollution in groundwater. The Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index emphasized the significant health risks to infants, children and adults. To improve the quality of groundwater, this region needs to adopt sustainable and environmentally friendly water management strategies, such as rainwater harvesting, wastewater treatment and strict pollution control measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Overview of Chemical Additives in Single-Use Polimeric Products: Functionality, Environmental Impact and the Analytical Greenness Assessment","authors":"Denys Pavlovskyi,&nbsp;Victoria Vorobyova","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07826-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07826-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review presents the first comparative analysis of functional chemical additives in various types of single-use plastics (SUPs). These plastics, commonly used in industries like packaging, food service, and healthcare, contain additives such as stabilizers, colorants, flame retardants, and plasticizers to enhance their flexibility, durability, and appearance. However, many of these additives are not chemically bonded to the polymer matrix and can leach out during the plastic's life cycle, posing risks to human health and the environment. The review explores the functional characteristics, mechanisms, and benefits of these additives, and highlights recent advances in bio-based and additive-free alternatives. The study also uses the AGREEMIP tool to assess the greenness of the synthesis processes for various SUP products, ranking them in the order of environmental safety: disposable plastic containers for hedgehogs &gt; disposable plastic dances &gt; disposable glasses and plates &gt; drinking straws and sticks &gt; plastic bags.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Natural Colloids on Am(III) Adsorption Onto Sediments During Batch and Stirred Flow-Through Experiments","authors":"Ke Chen,&nbsp;Jun Zhu,&nbsp;Qiulan Zhang,&nbsp;Jingli Shao,&nbsp;Yali Cui,&nbsp;Aiming Zhang,&nbsp;Song Yang,&nbsp;Kai Liu,&nbsp;Shouchuan Zhang,&nbsp;Liangjie Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07812-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07812-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exploring the kinetic adsorption and desorption of Americium (Am(III)) on sediments and natural colloids can effectively predict its solid–liquid distribution behavior in the environment. In this study, we used batch and stirred flow-through experiments to describe the kinetic adsorption and desorption process of Am(III) on Am(III)-sediments (AS) system and Am(III)-sediments-natural colloids (ASN) system under different conditions (such as solution pH, background electrolyte concentration, and solution injection velocity). The retention and desorption behavior of Am(III) was analyzed through adsorption distribution coefficients and breakthrough curves. The kinetic adsorption process was described using reaction and transport control models. The results showed that in the batch adsorption experiment, the presence of natural colloids significantly increased the adsorption distribution coefficient of the ASN system (249.11—2512.74 mL/g) compared to the AS system (233.05—447.29 mL/g). The retention of Am(III) in the stirred flow-through reactor in AS (70.26% - 73.64%) and ASN (74.13% - 76.25%) systems is relatively high under neutral and low flow rate conditions, which is attributed to the strong adsorption ability of dispersed and stable natural colloids and the sufficient adsorption time provided by low velocity. According to the fitted results of the models, it can be seen that physical reactions such as surface precipitation or surface complexation, as well as diffusion of the liquid surrounding the solid-phase adsorbent, dominate the kinetic adsorption process, which is time-dependent or non-equilibrium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic-Activated Carbon Fabric for Removal of Copper and Cadmium Ions: Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies","authors":"Sepideh Kazemi Moghadam,&nbsp;Fatemeh Dadashian,&nbsp;Majid Montazer,&nbsp;Mohammad Abedi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the first report on improving activated carbon fabric (ACF) as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals. Magnetic-activated carbon fabric (MACF) was synthesized from waste cotton fabric using a sonosynthesis method with iron salt for removing Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions. MACFs were characterized with BET, FT-IR, and VSM methods. Optimal conditions for ions removal were pH = 4 for 50 mg L⁻¹ initial concentration of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ with 1.5 g L⁻¹ MACF at 20 ± 1 °C and 200 rpm for 1 h. The equilibrium data of adsorption thermodynamics, isotherms, and kinetics of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ using MACF was investigated. The highest regression values of 0.9998 and 0.9750 were obtained by the Langmuir model among other models for adsorption isotherm using MAFC for Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ respectively. MACF revealed a higher metal removal of 99.2% for Cu²⁺ and 94.9% for Cd²⁺ for both ions compared to 32% for Cu²⁺ and 28% for Cd²⁺ using ACF. The results indicate that MACF shows superior performance/cost-effective in removing heavy metal ions compared to granules and powder-activated carbons, which can be easily prepared in different dimensions and removed from the filter/environment, making it a promising alternative for applications requiring enhanced heavy/toxic metal removal from any solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}