Annals of Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Perioperative bowel regimens following posterior spinal fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Lee R Benaroch, Ali Ahmadi Pirshahid, Kevin Morash, Supriya Singh, Parham Rasoulinejad, Debra Bartley, Timothy Carey, Alla Iansavichene, Patrick Thornley","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002928","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bowel morbidity after posterior spinal fusions (PSFs) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) delays the advancement of postoperative oral diet and discharge. This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness of perioperative bowel regimens in reducing length of stay and postoperative bowel morbidity in these patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL for articles reporting on clinical results of PSFs for AIS patients. Demographic data, mean operative time and estimated blood loss, length of stay, time to first flatus and/or bowel movement, first oral intake, and postoperative pain scores were extracted from the selected studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six articles (<i>n</i> = 468 patients) met the final inclusion criteria. Only one study, which assessed oral methylnaltrexone, reported a significant reduction in the mean hospital length of stay (0.60 days, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and postoperative abdominal distension (17% versus 40%, <i>P</i> < 0.05); however, it was also the only study to report a significantly increased mean operative time (38.9 min, <i>P</i> = 0.03) and estimated blood loss (111.1 mL, <i>P</i> = 0.05) compared to the treatment group. Time to flatus, regular diet, postoperative opioid consumption, and pain scores did not differ significantly in any of the reported studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is limited evidence to demonstrate any specific perioperative bowel regimen will decrease postpreparative bowel morbidity and/or length of stay. While not a treatment in isolation, oral methylnaltrexone may be a safe and effective adjunct to standard postoperative bowel regimens and may have a better patient tolerance profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"847-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 100 most influential papers on Lewy body dementias: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Zain Ali Nadeem, Ahmad Danial, Zoya Imran, Adeena Jamil, Butool Nusrat, Sara Jawed, Amna Siddiqui, Unsa Habib Shaikh, Aalaa Saleh, Rameen Rao","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002909","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lewy body dementias (LBDs) are poorly understood neurodegenerative diseases. We aim to uncover the most cited articles and authors in the field, and to analyze the citations for gender differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two authors extracted the relevant articles from Scopus and ranked them according to the number of citations. Separate lists were prepared for the top 100 original articles and the top 15 review articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 100 original studies were published from 1980 to 2019, with the greatest number published in the year 2000. The total citations ranged from 350 to 2640, with a median of 494.5. These articles originated from 17 countries, with major contributions from the USA (<i>n</i> = 31). While most of the first authors were men (<i>n</i> = 67), the citations per year were higher where the first authors when women. The last authors of the top 100 original articles were also predominantly male (<i>n</i> = 70). The greatest number of articles were published in neurology (<i>n</i> = 12) and brain (<i>n</i> = 11).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results provide insights into the research trends and provide a list of the most influential papers on LBDs. Resolving the observed differences and promoting contribution from people all over the world is necessary to accelerate advancement in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"684-695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of neurosurgical nursing in low- and middle-income countries - a critical review.","authors":"Samuel Inshutiyimana, Olivier Uwishema, Nagham Ramadan, Laura Ghanem, Zeina Al Maaz, Victoire Mukamitari, Magda Wojtara, Sarah Mshaymesh","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002910","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurosurgical nursing involves the provision of pre- and post-operative care to neurologic patients. Specialized nurses in the field of neurosurgery are vital for patient outcomes and wellbeing. Nevertheless, there is underestimation and limited access to neurosurgical nursing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review primarily aims to shed light on the significance of nursing in the neurosurgical department of LMICs. It provides insight into the healthcare systems, the collaborative approaches that emerged in this concern, and the issues pertaining to integrating neurosurgical nursing in these countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was conducted from March 2024, where the articles were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and Embase. The terms \"neurosurgical nursing,\" \"neurosurgery,\" \"neurosurgical care,\" \"neurosurgical nurses,\" and \"low- and middle-income countries OR LMICs\" were used to search relevant studies. Previous articles discussing neurosurgical care in LMICs were considered in this review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nurses participate in 90% of interactions between healthcare providers and patients. They provide holistic care by considering the physical, cultural, and psychosociological needs pertaining to their patients. Furthermore, they possess ability to establish rapport via communication with patients which improves the standard of care delivered. To achieve results satisfactory to the wellbeing of affected populations, neurosurgical disciplines necessitate the aid of skilled nursing colleagues. However, there is a lack of relevant technology, innovations, and funding alongside human resources in LMICs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Education, training, and dynamic collaboration are crucial factors for neurosurgical nurses to provide the best quality of care to patients. It is also pivotal to focus on research concerning the present issue, implement further policies which encourage dynamic cooperation between the neurosurgical multidisciplinary team, and collaborate on a global level to enhance neurosurgical nursing in LMICs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"720-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering bias: sex disparities in pain management.","authors":"Maheen Asif, Aliza Asif, Ummi Aiman Rahman, Mohammed Hammad Jaber","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002924","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"449-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treatment: FDA approval of Anktiva in combination with BCG.","authors":"Aimal Alam Khattak, Ahmed Javed, Prakriti Pokhrel, Sameen Mukhtar","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002938","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002938","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"457-459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful management of secondary aorto-enteric fistula: a case report from Nepal.","authors":"Uttam Chaulagain, Kailash Mani Pokhrel, Kapil Khanal, Bishal Gaurav, Prasan Bir Singh Kansakar, Uttam Krishna Shrestha","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002947","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aorto-enteric fistulas (AEFs) are rare but serious causes of gastrointestinal bleeding, classified into primary and secondary types. This report describes the first documented case of a secondary AEF from Nepal, emphasizing the need for prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 36-year-old male presented with black tarry stools and abdominal pain, 7 years after aorto-right common femoral artery and aorto-left common iliac artery bypass surgery for common iliac artery occlusive disease. He had a history of recurrent graft infections. Examination revealed hypotension, tachycardia, and melena. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed the aortic graft in the duodenum, with CECT confirming an aortic graft inside the bowel lumen, leading to a diagnosis of secondary aorto-enteric fistulas (SAEF).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>SAEFs often arise from graft infection and mechanical erosion by the pulsatile graft. Patients typically present with gastrointestinal bleeding, and early diagnosis is crucial, as untreated SAEFs have a mortality rate approaching 100%. The combined use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and CECT is essential for identifying and guiding the surgical intervention of SAEFs. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and early surgical intervention for successful management of SAEF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of suspecting secondary AEFs in patients with aortic graft presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are essential for improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1065-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential information about nanotechnology in cardiology.","authors":"Chukwuka Elendu, Dependable C Amaechi, Tochi C Elendu, Emmanuel C Amaechi, Ijeoma D Elendu, Janet C Omeludike, Eunice K Omeludike, Nwamaka C Onubogu, Emmanuel C Ogelle, Oluwatobi O M Meduoye, Praise O Oloyede, Chiamaka P Ezeh, Ikpembhosa J Esangbedo, Augustina C Adigwe, Nnachi M Akuma, Silas U Okafor","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002867","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiology, as a medical specialty, addresses cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a leading cause of global mortality. Nanomaterials offer transformative potential across key areas such as drug delivery, stem cell therapy, imaging, and gene delivery. Nanomaterials improve solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery in drug delivery, reducing systemic side effects. Examples include gas microbubbles, liposomal preparations, and paramagnetic nanoparticles, which show promise in treating atherosclerosis. Stem cell therapy benefits from nanotechnology through enhanced cell culture conditions and three-dimensional scaffolds that support cardiomyocyte growth and survival. Gold nanoparticles and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-derived microparticles further improve stem cell viability. In imaging, nanomaterials enable advanced visualization techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging with direct labeling and optical tracking via dye-conjugated nanoparticles. In gene delivery, polymeric nanocarriers like polyethyleneimine, dendrimers, and graphene-based materials offer efficient, non-viral alternatives, with magnetic nanoparticles showing promise in targeted applications. Ongoing research highlights the potential of nanomaterials to revolutionize CVD management by improving therapeutic outcomes and enabling precision medicine. These advancements position nanotechnology as a cornerstone of modern cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"748-779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bleeding sword: Scimitar syndrome in a child with hematemesis due to esophageal varices - a case report.","authors":"Aida Elawad, Ali M E Arabi, Rayan Yousif, Mohammed Ganim, Ahmed Rafei, Rawan A Bedab, Reem Salah, Abdelmounem E Abdo","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002879","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Scimitar syndrome, or congenital venolobar syndrome, is a rare congenital heart condition that typically involves partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) of the right lung, right lung hypoplasia, and dextroposition of the heart. The incidence is estimated to be between 1 and 3 cases per 100 000 live births. Most patients present with cardiopulmonary symptoms, though rare cases may involve gastrointestinal (GI) complications. We report a unique case of Scimitar syndrome in a 10-year-old boy presenting with hematemesis due to esophageal varices.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 10-year-old boy presented with massive hematemesis, losing approximately 1 liter of fresh blood. After stabilization, an upper GI endoscopy revealed grade IV esophageal varices, which were ligated successfully. Abdominal ultrasound showed mild portal hypertension, and a unique vessel, identified as the Scimitar vein, was found draining into the left portal vein. Subsequent imaging confirmed right lung hypoplasia, dextroposition of the heart, and PAPVD, leading to the diagnosis of Scimitar syndrome. The patient was transferred abroad for specialized care due to limited medical facilities in Sudan.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>Scimitar syndrome is often associated with severe symptoms in children, such as respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension. Upper GI bleeding in this syndrome is rare, likely resulting from portal hypertension caused by the anomalous drainage of the Scimitar vein into the left portal vein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the importance of recognizing the diverse complications of Scimitar syndrome, including its rare association with upper GI bleeding. Timely diagnosis and intervention, especially in resource-limited settings, are critical to managing complex congenital conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1013-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of Takayasu arteritis with aortic dissection in a young male patient presented with hypertensive urgency.","authors":"Kshitiz Raj Pudasaini, Moniska Ghimire, Prava Basnet, Bikesh Shrestha, Shovit Thapa, Sheetal Shrestha","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002960","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a granulomatous, large vessel inflammation characterized by occlusion, stenosis or aneurysm of the aorta and its branches. Aortic dissection (AD) is one of the rare manifestations of TA, which can present as uncontrolled hypertension. This case illustrates the severe rare cardiovascular complication that arises in a 21-year male patient with TA, including hypertensive urgency, AD and significant renal artery involvement.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 21-year-old male presented with complaints of fever, malaise and dizziness. On clinical examinations, a discrepancy in blood pressure was noted in bilateral arms. All the laboratory parameters were within normal limits. Echocardiography confirmed moderate concentric hypertrophy with Grade II diastolic dysfunction and a preserved ejection fraction. To rule out secondary causes of hypertension, an arterial Doppler was done, which showed features of renal artery stenosis and stenosis in the descending aorta. CTA revealed an intimal tear/dissection in the thoracoabdominal aorta consistent with Stanford Type B AD.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>Based on clinical presentation and imaging findings, large vessel vasculitis such as TA or giant cell arteritis (GCA) was suspected. Later, TA was diagnosed using the 2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for TA. The patient had rapid symptomatic improvement using antihypertensive drugs, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This explains rare manifestation of TA in a young male patient with normal inflammatory markers and underlying AD with hypertensive urgency. In those suspected with TA, screening for life threatening conditions such as AD should be done.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1069-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stroke seesaw: unveiling the enigma of stuttering acute ischemic stroke.","authors":"Abuoma C Ekpendu, Puneet Prakash, Chad K Brands","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002780","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Beyond the familiar face of the acute ischemic stroke, lies the unexpected display of symptoms challenging our preconceptions and beckoning us to explore the intriguing nuances that lie beneath the surface.</p><p><strong>Presentation of case: </strong>We introduce an unusual case of an older adult who presented to our institution with repetitive focal neurologic deficits (FND). Initial investigation was negative for any brain hemorrhage or infarcts. Repeat investigation during readmission showed findings of brain infarct for which appropriate treatment was provided. The fluctuating pattern of FND is what we refer to as a stuttering presentation of stroke.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our case brings attention to stuttering, an atypical presentation of ischemic stroke, not previously well described in medical literature. Our case demonstrates that stuttering stroke presentations may imitate more short-lived neurologic events such as transient ischemic attacks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All the patient events throughout the entirety of their time course should be thoroughly reviewed so that thrombolytics can then be considered in the earliest window of opportunity for patients with stuttering stroke presentations to prevent disability due to ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"998-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}