Annals of Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis presented as nasal obstruction symptoms without any ocular manifestations: a case report.","authors":"Manisha Paneru, Deepak Yadav, Dhirendra Yadav","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002898","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection due to <i>Rhinosporidium seeberi</i> and it is endemic mainly in South Asian countries such as India and Sri Lanka. Though it commonly involves nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosa, the involvement of the lacrimal sac is rare. Diagnosis can be done by imaging techniques and confirmed on histopathology.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 22-year-old male presented with left nasal obstruction and an oropharyngeal mass, without any ocular symptoms. Imaging studies by CT scan revealed a mass involving the nasal and nasolacrimal regions. Biopsy confirmed rhinosporidiosis. The patient underwent a wide local excision of the mass with partial resection of the lacrimal sac. Postoperatively, the patient was given Dapsone for 6 months. Regular follow-up with nasal endoscopy and ophthalmology review showed no evidence of recurrence 1 year following surgery.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>Rhinosporidiosis typically presents as vascular polyps in the nasal or ocular areas. It is uncommon that there might be involvement of the lacrimal sac without any symptomatology relevant to the conjunctiva, which has been elaborated in the present case. Examination for the extent of disease is assisted by techniques such as CT and MRI. Histopathology is confirmatory, showing a typical appearance with sporangia filled with multiple endospores. Treatment can be carried out mainly by surgical excision supplemented by electro-coagulation to avoid recurrence. Dapsone post-operatively is recommended as recurrence is common in rhinosporidiosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although rhinosporidiosis predominantly affects the nasal mucosa, lacrimal sac involvement should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Surgical excision along with postoperative medication and regular follow-up forms the mainstay in the management of the disease to avoid recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1010-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very rare Palestinian case report of PRUNE1 p.Asp106Asn mutation: a mutation of global developmental delay.","authors":"Sara Idkaidak, Lila H Abu-Hilal, Osama Atawneh, Abdelrhman Muwafaq Janem, Firas Alqarajeh","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002892","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>The PRUNE1 gene (prune exopolyphosphatase 1), situated on chromosome 1q21.3, encodes a protein crucial for early fetal brain development, regulating processes like the polymerization of microtubules, migration of cells, and proliferation. Common features of Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, hypotonia, and variable brain anomalies (NMIHBA) include progressive microcephaly, hypotonia, spastic quadriparesis, intellectual disability, and abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 4-month-old male infant, born at 39 weeks and 2 days via Cesarean, prenatal ultrasound findings were positive for ventricular dilation (hydrocephalus). Postnatally, the infant required admission for transient tachypnea of the newborn. Developmental delays and limb stiffness were evident by 2 months of age, prompting neurological evaluation. Examination at 4 months revealed dysmorphic features, including frontal bossing, low-set, malformed ears, and dolichocephaly, alongside axial hypotonia, spasticity, and knee contractures. Genetic testing confirmed a c.316G>A mutation in the PRUNE1 gene, establishing the diagnosis of NMIHBA.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>PRUNE1-related NMIHBA is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by profound developmental delays, microcephaly, and variable neurological findings. This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition and genetic testing in infants with suggestive dysmorphic and neurological features. While management remains supportive, early diagnosis aids in family counseling and long-term care planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report describes a rare presentation of NMIHBA in a Palestinian infant with a PRUNE1 gene mutation, contributing to the limited literature on this disorder. Further studies are required to understand the phenotypic spectrum and molecular mechanisms underlying PRUNE1-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"973-976"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the influence of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) accuracy on malaria misdiagnosis and antimalarial resistance in Nigeria.","authors":"Promise Udohchukwu Okereke, Bamimore Mubarak Ayodeji, Roqeebat Titilope Bolarinwa, Oluwatobi Deborah Ayodeji, Idris Olayemi Popoola, Wisdom Obumneme Okereke, Nzubechukwu Ogamba, Lilian Uzoma Nworah, Chukwuemeka Victor Umeh, Chidubem Peter Okpechukwu, Solomon Nnayelugo Ibekwe, Emmanuel Emeka, Olalekan Simeon Tola","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002925","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria remains a critical health challenge in tropical regions, demanding accurate and timely diagnosis to prevent severe negative outcomes. The disease's misdiagnosis, driven by inadequate diagnostic tools, insufficient training, and systemic health care deficiencies, complicates effective management. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), commonly used in Africa, often produce false-negative results due to various factors like parasite density and test conditions, which can lead to inappropriate treatment and potential drug resistance. Microscopy, while the gold standard, is often unavailable in resource-limited settings, pushing reliance on less accurate methods. Technological advances and improved education for health care workers are important for diagnostic accuracy. Innovations such as the Nanomal DNA analyzer, a point-of-care device, offer quick, reliable testing and the potential to identify drug resistance markers. The accuracy of malaria treatment can be significantly improved by integrating clinical assessments with refined diagnostic methods, reducing the disease burden in endemic areas. This comprehensive approach, combining technology, systemic health care improvements, and policy alignment, is important for effective malaria management and eventual eradication in affected regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"658-662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of ketorolac and dexamethasone for preventing renal colic post stent removal: a randomized triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Shaghayegh Mahmoudiandehkordi, Reza Morovatshoar, Pedram Hadipour, Shahnaz Fooladi Sarabi, Mahta Fadaei, Abtin Ansari, Mohammad Farhadi-Shahi, Mohammadreza Noroozi","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002934","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal colic following stent removal post-ureteroscopy is a significant clinical issue. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intramuscular ketorolac and dexamethasone in preventing renal colic after stent removal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 147 patients. Participants were allocated to three groups: ketorolac only, ketorolac plus dexamethasone, and placebo. The primary outcome was the visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, assessed at 1- and 7-days post-stent removal. Secondary outcomes included opioid use, emergency department visits, renal colic symptoms, and missed workdays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination group (ketorolac and dexamethasone) demonstrated significantly lower VAS scores at 24 hours compared to the placebo group (2.95 vs. 4.30, <i>P</i> = 0.008). Additionally, this group had fewer emergency department visits (2.0% vs. 22.4%, <i>P</i> = 0.010) and lower incidences of subjective renal colic (2.0% vs. 20.4%, <i>P</i> = 0.017). No significant differences were observed at 7 days post-stent removal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intramuscular ketorolac and dexamethasone significantly reduce pain and related complications following stent removal, providing an effective alternative to opioid analgesics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"565-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroduodenal intussusception: two cases of gastroduodenal intussusception following gastric plication, each managed with a different approach: a case report.","authors":"Bassel Almowaqee, Yamen Madi, Bushra Taleb, Mhd Adnan Haj Oughli","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002946","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Gastric plication is a bariatric procedure that involves suture imbrication of the greater curvature to restrict the volume of the stomach. Although gastroduodenal intussusception is a complication that surgeons may encounter in their practice, it is rarely reported or published, which limits the available knowledge in medical literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The authors report two female patients who developed gastroduodenal intussusception following gastric plication procedure, requiring surgical treatment. Both patients presented with non-specific, atypical abdominal pain several months after gastric plication. Both patients required surgical intervention, which included manual reduction of the plication followed by subtotal gastrectomy en bloc with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. In the second case, an omega Braun anastomosis was performed, and a jejunostomy was created after the anastomosis in both patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>The optimal management of gastroduodenal intussusception remains challenging due to the lack of reported cases and the technical difficulties that surgeons may face.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It appears that we will encounter some problems and complications in the present time and the near future, including some that are rare in bariatric surgery, particularly those procedures that have fallen out of favor, such as gastric plication surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1057-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single right sided traumatic avulsion fracture of both ASIS and AIIS: case review.","authors":"Sanjeeb Rijal, Bir Bahadur Syangtan, Manish Gupta, Mala Khatri, Md Obada Ansari","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002958","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Simultaneous avulsion fractures of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) are rare, typically resulting from intense muscular contractions in athletes. Accurate diagnosis requires thorough examination and imaging.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 29-year-old male sustained right-sided ASIS and AIIS avulsion fractures from a road traffic accident. Diagnosis was confirmed via plain radiographs and 3D CT scans. The patient underwent surgical fixation with cannulated cancellous screws. He fully recovered and resumed pre-injury sports activity within 5 months.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>ASIS and AIIS avulsion fractures are uncommon, with simultaneous occurrences being even rarer. Proper diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial, especially in active patients with significant displacement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical treatment using cannulated cancellous screws led to complete recovery and return to sports activity in this case, highlighting the effectiveness of this approach for managing complex avulsion fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"912-914"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral amelia with limb deformities and multiple congenital malformations in a newborn: a case report from Palestine.","authors":"Majd Oweidat, Mohammed Alra'e, Mohammed Aldwaik, Abdalhakim Shubietah","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002913","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unilateral amelia, a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the absence of one limb, is often accompanied by severe malformations in other systems. Although the survival of affected infants beyond the neonatal period is rare, some cases have been documented with varying outcomes. This case report discusses a newborn with unilateral amelia and multiple congenital anomalies.</p><p><strong>Presentation of case: </strong>A 41-week gestation stillbirth from Palestine was delivered after a normal pregnancy, except for prenatal ultrasound findings of absent left upper limb, severe lower limb deformities, preaxial polydactyly, syndactyly, dextrocardia, and asymmetric hydrocephalus. Postnatal examination revealed additional craniofacial anomalies, gastrointestinal malformations, and respiratory abnormalities. Despite the severe deformities, the infant survived beyond 2 months.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Unilateral amelia is often associated with other congenital malformations, indicating complex embryological disruptions. The combination of limb deficiency with visceral abnormalities complicates management and prognosis. While stillbirths and early neonatal deaths are common, this case's survival beyond 2 months is a notable exception. This report contributes valuable insight into the prognosis of such rare congenital conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case emphasizes the rarity of unilateral amelia with multiple congenital defects and underscores the importance of comprehensive prenatal evaluation and genetic counseling. The patient's extended survival provides new perspectives on the management and outcomes of infants with such complex anomalies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1052-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental diagnosis of tracheal trifurcation detected during general anesthesia from Nepal: a case report.","authors":"Sandesh Gaire, Bibhush Shrestha, Ashish Acharya, Kritika Bhattarai, Santosh Basyal, Roshani Bhattarai","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002876","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Tracheal trifurcation is an uncommon condition characterized by a three-branched bronchial structure that can be directed either to the right or the left, most commonly on the right. It is associated with tracheobronchial anomalies, cardiovascular defects, and esophageal malformations. The intraoperative diagnosis of tracheal trifurcation is important when lung isolation is needed.</p><p><strong>Presentation of case: </strong>A three-branched structure at the carina was incidentally found in a 55-year-old female via a bronchoscope after the induction of general anesthesia when the lungs could not get isolated for a tricuspid valve replacement procedure, which was planned via right-sided thoracotomy. Initially, the patient complained of shortness of breath on exertion with concomitant multiple episodes of sore throat and fever. The patient was undergoing tricuspid valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease. There was no postoperative complication encountered.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Tracheal trifurcation or tracheal bronchus is an aberrant bronchus arising most commonly from the right side in the right upper bronchus between the carina and the cricoid cartilage. It is a very uncommon condition with most cases being asymptomatic. The condition has anesthetic implications, especially with the placement of endotracheal tube. These include lung field hypoxemia, shunting, and atelectasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through our case report, we aim to highlight the importance of viewing the bronchial morphology if the lung cannot be isolated after double-lumen endotracheal tube insertion. Hence, a careful assessment of both anatomical and physiological parameters of the bronchial tree and the lungs is to be done for such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1002-1005"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elafibranor: a breakthrough therapy revolutionizing primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) treatment.","authors":"Muhammad H Gul, Aiman Waheed, Abdul B Wardak, Yash Shah, Hafsa A Azam Raja, Badr Ilmaguook, Helai Hussaini, Fatima Zafar","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002794","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002794","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"454-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of preoperative anxiety with non-pharmacological methods in pediatric patients in resource-limited settings: a literature review.","authors":"Astemamagn Achule, Kanbiro Gedeno, Zemedu Aweke","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002912","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety disorders are common in children and among the most prevalent psychiatric issues. Untreated preoperative anxiety can lead to increased complications and a higher risk for future anxiety disorders and major depression. Therefore, addressing preoperative anxiety in children is crucial to prevent perioperative and long-term adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to evaluate various articles and develop a management plan based on evidence for the prevention of preoperative anxiety in children using non-pharmacological approaches in areas with limited resources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, were searched for high-quality evidence to draw appropriate conclusions.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 7669 articles were retrieved from the search engines. These articles were then filtered based on intervention, outcome, population data, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and methodological quality. After the filtration process, only 35 studies met the inclusion criteria for comprehensive review.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS) effectively assesses preoperative anxiety in children. Evidence suggests that non-pharmacological interventions such as clowning, music therapy, audiovisuals, virtual reality, and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective in preventing preoperative anxiety. Practitioners can choose a suitable non-pharmacological approach based on availability and cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"780-790"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}