Annual review of nutrition最新文献_第8页

A Female Career in Research. 研究中的女性职业生涯。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-103411

K. Flegal

{"title":"A Female Career in Research.","authors":"K. Flegal","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-103411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-103411","url":null,"abstract":"After a long career at the National Center for Health Statistics, I retired and joined the Stanford Prevention Research Center as an unpaid associate. I was once described by a former US Food and Drug Administration commissioner as \"one of the great epidemiologists.\" The chair of the Harvard nutrition department, speaking on National Public Radio, once described my research as \"rubbish.\" Both may be exaggerations. Here I address some of the events that led to these contrasting descriptions. I also address the extent to which the so-called Matilda effect may have influenced my career. Are women in science on an equal footing with men? The Matilda effect suggests not. Unlike the Matthew effect for scientists, whereby those of higher prestige accrue a disproportionate share of recognition and rewards, the Matilda effect proposes that women scientists are systematically undervalued and underrecognized. I could never get a faculty job and was often treated like an underling. Nonetheless I persevered to publish highly cited research on several high-profile and sometimes controversial topics. Though overt sexism in science and workplaces has diminished over the course of my career, progress toward eliminating unconscious bias has been slower. The Matthew and Matilda effects are still powerful forces that distort incentives and rewards in science. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Evolution, Ecology, and Economy on Human Diet: Insights from Hunter-Gatherers and Other Small-Scale Societies. 进化、生态和经济对人类饮食的影响:来自狩猎采集者和其他小规模社会的见解。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-111120-105520

Herman Pontzer, Brian M Wood

引用次数: 16

Breastfeeding Beyond 12 Months: Is There Evidence for Health Impacts? 超过12个月的母乳喂养:有证据表明对健康有影响吗?

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-011242

Kimberly A Lackey, Bethaney D Fehrenkamp, Ryan M Pace, Janet E Williams, Courtney L Meehan, Mark A McGuire, Michelle K McGuire

{"title":"Breastfeeding Beyond 12 Months: Is There Evidence for Health Impacts?","authors":"Kimberly A Lackey, Bethaney D Fehrenkamp, Ryan M Pace, Janet E Williams, Courtney L Meehan, Mark A McGuire, Michelle K McGuire","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-011242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-011242","url":null,"abstract":"Because breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition and other benefits for infants (e.g., lower risk of infectious disease) and benefits for mothers (e.g., less postpartum bleeding), many organizations recommend that healthy infants be exclusively breastfed for 4 to 6 months in the United States and 6 months internationally. Recommendations related to how long breastfeeding should continue, however, are inconsistent. The objective of this article is to review the literature related to evidence for benefits of breastfeeding beyond 1 year for mothers and infants. In summary, human milk represents a good source of nutrients and immune components beyond 1 year. Some studies point toward lower infant mortality in undernourished children breastfed for >1 year, and prolonged breastfeeding increases interbirth intervals. Data on other outcomes (e.g., growth, diarrhea, obesity, and maternal weight loss) are inconsistent, often lacking sufficient control for confounding variables. There is a substantial need for rigorous, prospective, mixed-methods, cross-cultural research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"283-308"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39085179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer. 设计相关的临床前啮齿动物模型，以研究营养、肥胖、新陈代谢和癌症之间的联系。

IF 12.6 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437

Elaine M Glenny, Michael F Coleman, Erin D Giles, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Stephen D Hursting

{"title":"Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer.","authors":"Elaine M Glenny, Michael F Coleman, Erin D Giles, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Stephen D Hursting","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437","url":null,"abstract":"Diet and nutrition are intricately related to cancer prevention, growth, and treatment response. Preclinical rodent models are a cornerstone to biomedical research and remain instrumental in our understanding of the relationship between cancer and diet and in the development of effective therapeutics. However, the success rate of translating promising findings from the bench to the bedside is suboptimal. Well-designed rodent models will be crucial to improving the impact basic science has on clinical treatment options. This review discusses essential experimental factors to consider when designing a preclinical cancer model with an emphasis on incorporatingthese models into studies interrogating diet, nutrition, and metabolism. The aims of this review are to (a) provide insight into relevant considerations when designing cancer models for obesity, nutrition, and metabolism research; (b) identify common pitfalls when selecting a rodent model; and (c) discuss strengths and limitations of available preclinical models.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"41 ","pages":"253-282"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8900211/pdf/nihms-1785130.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9951889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional Interventions and the Gut Microbiome in Children. 营养干预和儿童肠道微生物组。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-021020-025755

Saurabh Mehta, Samantha L Huey, Daniel McDonald, Rob Knight, Julia L Finkelstein

引用次数: 10

The Influence of Timing in Critical Care Nutrition. 危重护理营养时机的影响。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-111120-114108

Liam McKeever, Sarah J Peterson, Omar Lateef, Carol Braunschweig

引用次数: 2

Roles of Endocannabinoids and Endocannabinoid-Like Molecules in Energy Homeostasis and Metabolic Regulation: A Nutritional Perspective. 内源性大麻素和内源性大麻素样分子在能量稳态和代谢调节中的作用:营养学的观点。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-090216

S M Khaledur Rahman, Toru Uyama, Zahir Hussain, Natsuo Ueda

{"title":"Roles of Endocannabinoids and Endocannabinoid-Like Molecules in Energy Homeostasis and Metabolic Regulation: A Nutritional Perspective.","authors":"S M Khaledur Rahman, Toru Uyama, Zahir Hussain, Natsuo Ueda","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-090216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-090216","url":null,"abstract":"The endocannabinoid system is involved in signal transduction in mammals. It comprises principally G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous agonists, called endocannabinoids, as well as the enzymes and transporters responsible for the metabolism of endocannabinoids. Two arachidonic acid-containing lipid molecules, arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, function as endocannabinoids. N-acylethanolamines and monoacylglycerols, in which the arachidonic acid chain is replaced with a saturated or monounsaturated fatty acid, are not directly involved in the endocannabinoid system but exhibit agonistic activities for other receptors. These endocannabinoid-like moleculesinclude palmitoylethanolamide, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), and 2-oleoylglycerol. Endocannabinoids stimulate feeding behavior and the anabolism of lipids and glucose, while OEA suppresses appetite. Both central and peripheral systems are included in these nutritional and metabolic contexts. Therefore, they have potential in the treatment and prevention of obesity. We outline the structure, metabolism, and biological activities of endocannabinoids and related molecules, and focus on their involvement in energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"177-202"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39085180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Dietary and Physiological Effects of Zinc on the Immune System. 锌对免疫系统的饮食和生理影响。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-122019-120635

Inga Wessels, Henrike Josephine Fischer, Lothar Rink

引用次数: 43

Ins and Outs of the TCA Cycle: The Central Role of Anaplerosis. TCA循环的来龙去脉:骨质疏松的中心作用。

IF 8.9 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-025558

Melissa Inigo, Stanisław Deja, Shawn C Burgess

引用次数: 41

Vitamin A and Vitamin E: Will the Real Antioxidant Please Stand Up? 维生素A和维生素E：真正的抗氧化剂会站起来吗？

IF 13.4 2区医学

Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228

William S Blaner, Igor O Shmarakov, Maret G Traber

{"title":"Vitamin A and Vitamin E: Will the Real Antioxidant Please Stand Up?","authors":"William S Blaner, Igor O Shmarakov, Maret G Traber","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin A, acting through its metabolite, all-trans-retinoic acid, is a potent transcriptional regulator affecting expression levels of hundreds of genes through retinoic acid response elements present within these genes. However, the literature is replete with claims that consider vitamin A to be an antioxidant vitamin, like vitamins C and E. This apparent contradiction in the understanding of how vitamin A acts mechanistically within the body is a major focus of this review. Vitamin E, which is generally understood to act as a lipophilic antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids present in membranes, is often proposed to be a transcriptional regulator. The evaluation of this claim is another focus of the review. We conclude that vitamin A is an indirect antioxidant, whose indirect function is to transcriptionally regulate a number of genes involved in mediating the body's canonical antioxidant responses. Vitamin E, in addition to being a direct antioxidant, prevents the increase of peroxidized lipids that alter both metabolic pathways and gene expression profiles within tissues and cells. However, there is little compelling evidence that vitamin E has a direct transcriptional mechanism like that of vitamin A. Thus, we propose that the term antioxidant not be applied to vitamin A, and we discourage the use of the term transcriptional mediator when discussing vitamin E.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"41 ","pages":"105-131"},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9704486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0