C. Gómez-Gallego, C. Gómez-Gallego, I. García-Mantrana, C. Martínez-Costa, S. Salminen, E. Isolauri, E. Isolauri, M. Collado, M. Collado
{"title":"The Microbiota and Malnutrition: Impact of Nutritional Status During Early Life.","authors":"C. Gómez-Gallego, C. Gómez-Gallego, I. García-Mantrana, C. Martínez-Costa, S. Salminen, E. Isolauri, E. Isolauri, M. Collado, M. Collado","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051716","url":null,"abstract":"According to the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, our health is determined by events experienced in utero and during early infancy. Indeed, both our prenatal and postnatal nutrition conditions have an impact on the initial architecture and activity of our microbiota. Recent evidence has underlined the importance of the composition of the early gut microbiota in relation to malnutrition, whether it be undernutrition or overnutrition, that is, in terms of both stunted and overweight development. It remains unclear how early microbial contact is linked to the risk of disease, as well as whether alterations in the microbiome underlie the pathogenesis of malnutrition or are merely the end result of it, which indicates that thequestion of causality must urgently be answered. This review provides information on the complex interaction between the microbiota and nutrition during the first 1,000 days of life, taking into account the impact of both undernutrition and overnutrition on the microbiota and on infants' health outcomes in the short- and long-term.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 1","pages":"267-290"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46991791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2019-08-21Epub Date: 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124242
Hannah Pierson, Haojun Yang, Svetlana Lutsenko
{"title":"Copper Transport and Disease: What Can We Learn from Organoids?","authors":"Hannah Pierson, Haojun Yang, Svetlana Lutsenko","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many metals have biological functions and play important roles in human health. Copper (Cu) is an essential metal that supports normal cellular physiology. Significant research efforts have focused on identifying the molecules and pathways involved in dietary Cu uptake in the digestive tract. The lack of an adequate in vitro model for assessing Cu transport processes in the gut has led to contradictory data and gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms involved in dietary Cu acquisition. The recent development of organoid technology has provided a tractable model system for assessing the detailed mechanistic processes involved in Cu utilization and transport in the context of nutrition. Enteroid (intestinal epithelial organoid)-based studies have identified new links between intestinal Cu metabolism and dietary fat processing. Evidence for a metabolic coupling between the dietary uptake of Cu and uptake of fat (which were previously thought to be independent) is a new and exciting finding that highlights the utility of these three-dimensional primary culture systems. This review has three goals: (<i>a</i>) to critically discuss the roles of key Cu transport enzymes in dietary Cu uptake; (<i>b</i>) to assess the use, utility, and limitations of organoid technology in research into nutritional Cu transport and Cu-based diseases; and (<i>c</i>) to highlight emerging connections between nutritional Cu homeostasis and fat metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 ","pages":"75-94"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37295549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2019-08-21Epub Date: 2019-06-10DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124320
Amandine Chaix, Emily N C Manoogian, Girish C Melkani, Satchidananda Panda
{"title":"Time-Restricted Eating to Prevent and Manage Chronic Metabolic Diseases.","authors":"Amandine Chaix, Emily N C Manoogian, Girish C Melkani, Satchidananda Panda","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular clocks are present in almost every cell to anticipate daily recurring and predictable changes, such as rhythmic nutrient availability, and to adapt cellular functions accordingly. At the same time, nutrient-sensing pathways can respond to acute nutrient imbalance and modulate and orient metabolism so cells can adapt optimally to a declining or increasing availability of nutrients. Organismal circadian rhythms are coordinated by behavioral rhythms such as activity-rest and feeding-fasting cycles to temporally orchestrate a sequence of physiological processes to optimize metabolism. Basic research in circadian rhythms has largely focused on the functioning of the self-sustaining molecular circadian oscillator, while research in nutrition science has yielded insights into physiological responses to caloric deprivation or to specific macronutrients. Integration of these two fields into actionable new concepts in the timing of food intake has led to the emerging practice of time-restricted eating. In this paradigm, daily caloric intake is restricted to a consistent window of 8-12 h. This paradigm has pervasive benefits on multiple organ systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 ","pages":"291-315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37318233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2019-08-21Epub Date: 2019-05-22DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124603
John Cawley, Anne Marie Thow, Katherine Wen, David Frisvold
{"title":"The Economics of Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Review of the Effects on Prices, Sales, Cross-Border Shopping, and Consumption.","authors":"John Cawley, Anne Marie Thow, Katherine Wen, David Frisvold","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the past decade, dozens of countries, regions, and cities have enacted taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). They have been primarily motivated by a desire to raise prices, reduce sales and consumption, improve population health, and raise revenue. This review outlines the economic rationale for SSB taxes and illustrates their predicted effects. It reviews the research on the effects of these taxes on retail prices, sales, cross-border shopping, consumption, and product availability. The evidence indicates that the amount by which taxes increase retail prices (also called the pass-through of the tax) varies by jurisdiction, ranging from less than 50% to 100% of the tax. Sales tend to decrease significantly in the taxing jurisdiction, although this seems to be partly offset by residents increasingly shopping outside of the taxing jurisdiction (i.e., engaging in cross-border shopping).Overall, taxes lower consumption of the taxed beverages by adults, although not for all types of beverages or all groups of consumers. We conclude with suggestions for improving the design of such taxes and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 ","pages":"317-338"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37267358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2019-08-21Epub Date: 2019-05-28DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337
Andreas Mæchel Fritzen, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Bente Kiens
{"title":"Dietary Fuels in Athletic Performance.","authors":"Andreas Mæchel Fritzen, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Bente Kiens","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focusing on daily nutrition is important for athletes to perform and adapt optimally to exercise training. The major roles of an athlete's daily diet are to supply the substrates needed to cover the energy demands for exercise, to ensure quick recovery between exercise bouts, to optimize adaptations to exercise training, and to stay healthy. The major energy substrates for exercising skeletal muscles are carbohydrate and fat stores. Optimizing the timing and type of energy intake and the amount of dietary macronutrients is essential to ensure peak training and competition performance, and these strategies play important roles in modulating skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance and resistance training. In this review, recent advances in nutritional strategies designed to optimize exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscle are discussed, with an emphasis on mechanistic approaches, by describing the physiological mechanisms that provide the basis for different nutrition regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 ","pages":"45-73"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37283540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA Mutation, Diseases, and Nutrient-Regulated Mitophagy.","authors":"Xuan Yang, Ruoyu Zhang, K. Nakahira, Zhenglong Gu","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124643","url":null,"abstract":"A wide spectrum of human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic disorders, have been shown to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction through multiple molecular mechanisms. Mitochondria are particularly susceptible to nutrient deficiencies, and nutritional intervention is an essential way to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Recent advances in genetic manipulation and next-generation sequencing reveal the crucial roles of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in various pathophysiological conditions. Mitophagy, a term coined to describe autophagy that targets dysfunctional mitochondria, has emerged as an important cellular process to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and has been shown to be regulated by various nutrients and nutritional stresses. Given the high prevalence of mtDNA mutations in humans and their impact on mitochondrial function, it is important to investigate the mechanisms that regulate mtDNA mutation. Here, we discuss mitochondrial genetics and mtDNA mutations and their implications for human diseases. We also examine the role of mitophagy as a therapeutic target, highlighting how nutrients may eliminate mtDNA mutations through mitophagy.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 1","pages":"201-226"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44703763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berthold Koletzko, Eva Reischl, Conny Tanjung, Ines Gonzalez-Casanova, Usha Ramakrishnan, Suzanne Meldrum, Karen Simmer, Joachim Heinrich, Hans Demmelmair
{"title":"<i>FADS1</i> and <i>FADS2</i> Polymorphisms Modulate Fatty Acid Metabolism and Dietary Impact on Health.","authors":"Berthold Koletzko, Eva Reischl, Conny Tanjung, Ines Gonzalez-Casanova, Usha Ramakrishnan, Suzanne Meldrum, Karen Simmer, Joachim Heinrich, Hans Demmelmair","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124250","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variants in the <i>FADS</i> gene cluster modify the activity of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) desaturation and the lipid composition in human blood and tissue. <i>FADS</i> variants have been associated with plasma lipid concentrations, risk of cardiovascular diseases, overweight, eczema, pregnancy outcomes, and cognitive function. Studies on variations in the <i>FADS</i> genecluster provided some of the first examples for marked gene-diet interactions in modulating complex phenotypes, such as eczema, asthma, and cognition. Genotype distribution differs markedly among ethnicities, apparently reflecting an evolutionary advantage of genotypes enabling active long-chain PUFA synthesis when the introduction of agriculture provided diets rich in linoleic acid but with little arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. Discovering differential effects of PUFA supply that depend on variation of <i>FADS</i> genotypes could open new opportunities for developing precision nutrition strategies based either on an individual's genotype or on genotype distributions in specific populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 1","pages":"21-44"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42032270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2019-08-21Epub Date: 2019-04-12DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124634
Janet C King
{"title":"Maintaining Balance.","authors":"Janet C King","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Writing this biography forced me to look back over my career as a scientist, teacher, wife, and mother. To my surprise, a lifelong theme emerged that I was unaware of, that is, the role of maintaining balance between work and family, science and teaching, mentorship and administration, and personal values and challenges. My primary mentor, Dr. Doris Calloway, demonstrated the importance of maintaining balance. My interest in nutrition started as a preschooler living on a farm where I learned firsthand the importance of balancing the expense of providing good nutrition to the livestock with potential income. In our small high school, I became acquainted with the fascinating field of chemistry, but found it critical to balance that interest with a politically correct field of study for a woman in the early 1960s. I chose dietetics for its strong roots in chemistry. As a US Army dietitian, I learned firsthand how to conduct metabolic studies and knew, immediately, that I had to balance that interest with future opportunities feasible for a dietitian. I chose the University of California, Berkeley, for my PhD because it needed to train dietitians in research to balance an emerging need to offer undergraduates a practicum in dietetics. My subsequent faculty appointment there enabled me to develop novel isotopic approaches for studying zinc and prenatal nutrition, and balance my research with teaching and administrative responsibilities. During the next 40 years, my work as a Berkeley professor led to appointments at the Western Human Nutrition Research Center and Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, while balancing my responsibilities as a wife and a mother to my two sons. Balance is defined as a condition in which different elements are equal or in the correct proportions. It is extremely satisfying to look back and see evidence of successfully balancing the disparate elements of my career.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"39 ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37152216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2018-08-21Epub Date: 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051606
Mads F Hjorth, Yishai Zohar, James O Hill, Arne Astrup
{"title":"Personalized Dietary Management of Overweight and Obesity Based on Measures of Insulin and Glucose.","authors":"Mads F Hjorth, Yishai Zohar, James O Hill, Arne Astrup","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051606","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the past several decades, numerous trials have compared various diets for the management of overweight and obesity, assuming that a single dietary strategy would be appropriate for all individuals. These studies have failed to provide strong evidence for the efficacy of any particular diet, and it is likely that different people will have different levels of success on different diets. We identified studies investigating pretreatment glycemia or insulinemia status, or both, of the individual as prognostic markers of weight loss during periods in which the composition of a participant's diet was known. Overall, research suggests that providing specific diets for weight management based on pretreatment glycemia and insulinemia statuses holds great promise for advancing personalized nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"38 ","pages":"245-272"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105825/pdf/nihms-1746005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36184493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2018-08-21Epub Date: 2018-06-01DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051652
Manu S Goyal, Lora L Iannotti, Marcus E Raichle
{"title":"Brain Nutrition: A Life Span Approach.","authors":"Manu S Goyal, Lora L Iannotti, Marcus E Raichle","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Appraising success in meeting the world's nutritional needs has largely focused on infant mortality and anthropometric measurements with an emphasis on the first 1,000 days (conception to approximately age 2 years). This ignores the unique nutritional needs of the human brain. Although the intrauterine environment and the early postnatal years are important, equally critical periods follow during which the brain's intricate wiring is established for a lifetime of experience-driven remodeling. At the peak of this process during childhood, the human brain may account for 50% of the body's basal nutritional requirement. Thus, the consequences of proper nutritional management of the brain play out over a lifetime. Our motivation in preparing this review was to move the human brain into a more central position in the planning of nutritional programs. Here we review the macro- and micronutrient requirements of the human brain and how they are delivered, from conception to adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"38 ","pages":"381-399"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2018-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36184494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}