维生素A和维生素E:真正的抗氧化剂会站起来吗?

IF 12.6 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2021-10-11 Epub Date: 2021-06-11 DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228
William S Blaner, Igor O Shmarakov, Maret G Traber
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引用次数: 0

摘要

维生素A通过其代谢产物全反式视黄酸发挥作用,是一种有效的转录调节因子,通过这些基因中存在的视黄酸反应元件影响数百个基因的表达水平。然而,文献中充斥着认为维生素A是一种抗氧化维生素的说法,就像维生素C和E一样。对维生素A在体内机制作用的理解存在明显矛盾,这是本综述的主要焦点。维生素E通常被认为是一种亲脂性抗氧化剂,保护膜中存在的多不饱和脂肪酸,经常被认为是转录调节因子。对这一索赔的评估是审查的另一个重点。我们得出结论,维生素A是一种间接抗氧化剂,其间接功能是转录调节许多参与介导身体典型抗氧化反应的基因。维生素E除了是一种直接的抗氧化剂外,还能防止过氧化脂质的增加,从而改变组织和细胞内的代谢途径和基因表达谱。然而,几乎没有令人信服的证据表明维生素E与维生素a一样具有直接的转录机制。因此,我们建议抗氧化剂一词不适用于维生素a,并且在讨论维生素E时,我们不鼓励使用转录介质一词。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Vitamin A and Vitamin E: Will the Real Antioxidant Please Stand Up?

Vitamin A, acting through its metabolite, all-trans-retinoic acid, is a potent transcriptional regulator affecting expression levels of hundreds of genes through retinoic acid response elements present within these genes. However, the literature is replete with claims that consider vitamin A to be an antioxidant vitamin, like vitamins C and E. This apparent contradiction in the understanding of how vitamin A acts mechanistically within the body is a major focus of this review. Vitamin E, which is generally understood to act as a lipophilic antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids present in membranes, is often proposed to be a transcriptional regulator. The evaluation of this claim is another focus of the review. We conclude that vitamin A is an indirect antioxidant, whose indirect function is to transcriptionally regulate a number of genes involved in mediating the body's canonical antioxidant responses. Vitamin E, in addition to being a direct antioxidant, prevents the increase of peroxidized lipids that alter both metabolic pathways and gene expression profiles within tissues and cells. However, there is little compelling evidence that vitamin E has a direct transcriptional mechanism like that of vitamin A. Thus, we propose that the term antioxidant not be applied to vitamin A, and we discourage the use of the term transcriptional mediator when discussing vitamin E.

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来源期刊
Annual review of nutrition
Annual review of nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
15.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Annual Review of Nutrition Publication History:In publication since 1981 Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition Topics Covered Include: Energy metabolism; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Proteins and amino acids; Vitamins; Minerals; Nutrient transport and function; Metabolic regulation; Nutritional genomics; Molecular and cell biology; Clinical nutrition; Comparative nutrition; Nutritional anthropology; Nutritional toxicology; Nutritional microbiology; Epidemiology; Public health nutrition
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