Annals of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Immediate and Transient Perturbances in EEG Within Seconds Following Controlled Soccer Head Impact","authors":"Ahmad Rezaei,&nbsp;Timothy Wang,&nbsp;Cyrus Titina,&nbsp;Lyndia Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03602-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03602-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Athletes in contact and collision sports can sustain frequent subconcussive head impacts. Although most impacts exhibit low kinematics around or below 10 g of head linear acceleration, there is growing concern regarding the cumulative effects of repetitive sports head impacts. Even mild impacts can lead to brain deformations as shown through neuroimaging and finite element modeling, and thus may result in mild and transient effects on the brain, prompting further investigations of the biomechanical dose—brain response relationship. Here we report findings from a novel laboratory study with continuous monitoring of brain activity through electroencephalography (EEG) during controlled soccer head impacts. Eight healthy participants performed simulated soccer headers at 2 mild levels (6 g, 4 rad/s and 10 g, 8 rad/s) and three directions (frontal, oblique left, oblique right). Participants were instrumented with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) bite bar and EEG electrodes for synchronized head kinematics and brain activity measurements throughout the experiment. After an impact, EEG exhibited statistically significant elevation of relative and absolute delta power that recovered within two seconds from the impact moment. These changes were statistically significantly higher for 10 g impacts compared with 6 g impacts in some topographical regions, and oblique impacts resulted in contralateral delta power increases. Post-session resting state measurements did not indicate any cumulative effects. Our findings suggest that even mild soccer head impacts could lead to immediate, transient neurophysiological changes. This study paves the way for further dose-response studies to investigate the cumulative effects of mild sports head impacts, with implications for long-term athlete brain health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 10","pages":"2897 - 2910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic Detection of Fatigued Gait Patterns in Older Adults: An Intelligent Portable Device Integrating Force and Inertial Measurements with Machine Learning.","authors":"Guoxin Zhang, Tommy Tung-Ho Hong, Li Li, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03603-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03603-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the feasibility of early detection of fatigued gait patterns for older adults through the development of a smart portable device.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The smart device incorporated seven force sensors and a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) to measure regional plantar forces and foot kinematics. Data were collected from 18 older adults walking briskly on a treadmill for 60 min. The optimal feature set for each recognition model was determined using forward sequential feature selection in a wrapper fashion through fivefold cross-validation. The recognition model was selected from four machine learning models through leave-one-subject-out cross-validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five selected characteristics that best represented the state of fatigue included impulse at the medial and lateral arches (increased, p = 0.002 and p < 0.001), contact angle and rotation range of angle in the sagittal plane (increased, p < 0.001), and the variability of the resultant swing angular acceleration (decreased, p < 0.001). The detection accuracy based on the dual signal source of IMU and plantar force was 99%, higher than the 95% accuracy based on the single source. The intelligent portable device demonstrated excellent generalization (ranging from 93 to 100%), real-time performance (2.79 ms), and portability (32 g).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed smart device can detect fatigue patterns with high precision and in real time.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The application of this device possesses the potential to reduce the injury risk for older adults related to fatigue during gait.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Ablation Control Based on Real-Time Necrosis Monitoring Feedback: Numerical Evaluation","authors":"Ryo Murakami,&nbsp;Satoshi Mori,&nbsp;Haichong K. Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03599-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03599-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ablation therapy is a type of minimally invasive treatment, utilized for various organs including the brain, heart, and kidneys. The accuracy of the ablation process is critically important to avoid both insufficient and excessive ablation, which may result in compromised efficacy or complications. The thermal ablation is formulated by two theoretical models: the heat transfer (HT) and necrosis formation (NF) models. In modern medical practices, feed-forward (FF) and temperature feedback (TFB) controls are primarily used as ablation control methodologies. FF involves pre-therapy procedure planning based on previous experiences and theoretical knowledge without monitoring the intraoperative tissue response, hence, it can’t compensate for discrepancies in the assumed HT or NF models. These discrepancies can arise due to individual patient’s tissue characteristic differences and specific environmental conditions. Conversely, TFB control is based on the intraoperative temperature profile. It estimates the resulting heat damage based on the monitored temperature distribution and assumed NF model. Therefore, TFB can make necessary adjustments even if there is an error in the assumed HT model. TFB is thus seen as a more robust control method against modeling errors in the HT model. Still, TFB is limited as it assumes a fixed NF model, irrespective of the patient or the ablation technique used. An ideal solution to these limitations would be to actively monitor heat damage to the tissue during the operation and utilize this data to control ablation. This strategy is defined as necrosis feedback (NFB) in this study. Such real-time necrosis monitoring modalities making NFB possible are emerging, however, there is an absence of a generalized study that discusses the integration and quantifies the significance of the real-time necrosis monitor techniques for ablation therapy. Such an investigation is expected to clarify the universal principles of how these techniques would improve ablation therapy. In this study, we examine the potential of NFB in suppressing errors associated with the NF model as NFB is theoretically capable of monitoring and suppressing the errors associated with the NF models in its closed control loop. We simulate and compare the performances of TFB and NFB with artificially generated modeling errors using the finite element method (FEM). The results show that NFB provides more accurate ablation control than TFB when NF-oriented errors are applied, indicating NFB’s potential to improve the ablation control accuracy and highlighting the value of the ongoing research to make real-time necrosis monitoring a clinically viable option.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3312 - 3325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Use of ChatGPT for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases in Vulnerable Populations","authors":"Heqing Tao,&nbsp;Ligang Liu,&nbsp;Jiayu Cui,&nbsp;Kunkun Wang,&nbsp;Liang Peng,&nbsp;Milap C. Nahata","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03600-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03600-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>ChatGPT could be a useful tool in the infectious disease field. However, the application of ChatGPT for the treatment of infectious diseases in vulnerable population has not been determined.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We designed questions about antibiotic use, including the choice of antibiotics, dose, and treatment duration for prevalent infectious disease in vulnerable populations. Each query was posed to ChatGPT-4, and the answers were independently evaluated by two authors. When there were significant differences in the final scores between the two authors, they discussed the case and answers to obtain results.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our analysis revealed that 38.1% of responses were comprehensive and correct, with 11.9% containing errors for medication use for patients during pregnancy. For the antibiotic allergy-related questions, 36.1% of responses were comprehensive and correct, and 18.1% contained errors. For older adults, 27.5% of responses were comprehensive and correct, while 25% contained errors. The error rate in patients with kidney disease was 79.2%. For children, 43.8% of answers contained errors.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>ChatGPT produced high rates of inaccurate information for treating infectious diseases in special population. Thus, recommendations generated by ChatGPT should be used with caution and checked by healthcare professionals to ensure accuracy and comprehensiveness prior to use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3141 - 3144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration of Aseptic Loosening Simulation for Coatings Osteoinductive Effect.","authors":"Sofia Baroni, Sara Oliviero, Antonino Amedeo La Mattina, Melania Maglio, Lucia Martini, Milena Fini, Marco Viceconti","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03588-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03588-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The risk of aseptic loosening in cementless hip stems can be reduced by improving osseointegration with osteoinductive coatings favoring long-term implant stability. Osseointegration is usually evaluated in vivo studies, which, however, do not reproduce the mechanically driven adaptation process. This study aims to develop an in silico model to predict implant osseointegration and the effect of induced micromotion on long-term stability, including a calibration of the material osteoinductivity with conventional in vivo studies. A Finite Element model of the tibia implanted with pins was generated, exploiting bone-to-implant contact measures of cylindrical titanium alloys implanted in rabbits' tibiae. The evolution of the contact status between bone and implant was modeled using a finite state machine, which updated the contact state at each iteration based on relative micromotion, shear and tensile stresses, and bone-to-implant distance. The model was calibrated with in vivo data by identifying the maximum bridgeable gap. Afterward, a push-out test was simulated to predict the axial load that caused the macroscopic mobilization of the pin. The bone-implant bridgeable gap ranged between 50 μm and 80 μm. Predicted push-out strength ranged from 19 N to 21 N (5.4 MPa-3.4 MPa) depending on final bone-to-implant contact. Push-out strength agrees with experimental measurements from a previous animal study (4 ± 1 MPa), carried out using the same implant material, coated, or uncoated. This method can partially replace in vivo studies and predict the long-term stability of cementless hip stems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image-Based Computational Fluid Dynamics to Compare Two Repair Techniques for Mitral Valve Prolapse","authors":"Lorenzo Bennati,&nbsp;Giovanni Puppini,&nbsp;Vincenzo Giambruno,&nbsp;Giovanni Battista Luciani,&nbsp;Christian Vergara","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03597-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03597-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective </h3><p>The treatment of mitral valve prolapse involves two distinct repair techniques: chordal replacement (Neochordae technique) and leaflet resection (Resection technique). However, there is still a debate in the literature about which is the optimal one. In this context, we performed an image-based computational fluid dynamic study to evaluate blood dynamics in the two surgical techniques.</p><h3>Methods </h3><p>We considered a healthy subject (H) and two patients (N and R) who underwent surgery for prolapse of the posterior leaflet and were operated with the Neochordae and Resection technique, respectively. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was employed with prescribed motion of the entire left heart coming from cine-MRI images, with a Large Eddy Simulation model to describe the transition to turbulence and a resistive method for managing valve dynamics. We created three different virtual scenarios where the operated mitral valves were inserted in the same left heart geometry of the healthy subject to study the differences attributed only to the two techniques.</p><h3>Results </h3><p>We compared the three scenarios by quantitatively analyzing ventricular velocity patterns and pressures, transition to turbulence, and the ventricle ability to prevent thrombi formation. From these results, we found that the operative techniques affected the ventricular blood dynamics in different ways, with variations attributed to the reduced mobility of the Resection posterior leaflet. Specifically, the Resection technique resulted in turbulent forces, related with the risk of hemolysis formation, up to 640 Pa, while the other two scenarios exhibited a maximum of 240 Pa. Moreover, in correspondence of the ventricular apex, the Resection technique reduced the areas with low velocity to 15%, whereas the healthy case and the Neochordae case maintained these areas at 30 and 48%, respectively. Our findings suggest that the Neochordae technique developed a more physiological flow with respect to the Resection technique.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Resection technique gives rise to a different direction of the mitral jet during diastole increasing the ability to washout the ventricular apex preventing from thrombi formation, but at the same time it promotes turbulence formation that is associated with ventricular effort and risk of hemolysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3295 - 3311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10439-024-03597-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Simple Analytical Model to Facilitate Preoperative Surgical Planning in Valve-Sparing Aortic Root Replacement","authors":"Dominic P. Recco,&nbsp;Shannen B. Kizilski,&nbsp;Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Nicholas E. Kneier,&nbsp;Patrick D. Earley,&nbsp;David M. Hoganson,&nbsp;Christopher W. Baird,&nbsp;Peter E. Hammer","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03593-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03593-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Valve-sparing root replacement (VSRR) is attractive for aortic root dilation as it preserves the native aortic valve (AoV). Low effective height (eH) after reconstruction is a risk factor for repair failure and reoperation. We developed and validated a quantitative AoV repair strategy to reliably restore normal valve proportions to promote long-term function.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Normal AoV proportions were used to derive geometric relationships for sinotubular junction diameter (D_STJ), free edge length (FEL), free edge angle, and commissure height. These relationships informed two models for predicting eH following VSRR: (1) assuming valve symmetry and (2) accounting for valve asymmetry. Porcine heart (<i>n</i> = 6) ex vivo validation was performed under 4 VSRR scenarios: “Ideal” (tube graft size targeting FEL/D_STJ = 1.28), “Oversized” (one graft size larger than Ideal), “Undersized” (two sizes smaller), and “Undersized + Plicated” (FEL/D_STJ = 1.28 restored with leaflet plication).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our analytical models predicted eH using preoperative measurements and estimated reconstructed dimensions. The Oversized graft exhibited similar eH to Ideal but higher regurgitation in the ex vivo model, whereas the Undersized graft demonstrated lower eH and regurgitation. Plication in the Undersized graft restored valve function (regurgitation &amp; eH) similar to Ideal in the ex vivo model and above Ideal in the analytical models. Both analytical models predicted ex vivo eH well except in the Oversized and Undersized + Plicated conditions.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Utilizing measurements from preoperative imaging and simple mathematical models, patient-specific operative plans for VSRR can be created by estimating valve dimensions necessary to achieve favorable valve features post-repair. Clinical application of this approach promises to improve consistency in achieving optimal long-term dimensions and durability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3264 - 3279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Energy and Pressure in the Sinus with Different Blood Pressures after Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement","authors":"Brennan Vogl,&nbsp;Agata Sularz,&nbsp;Sunyoung Ahn,&nbsp;Rajat Gadhave,&nbsp;Scott Lilly,&nbsp;Vinod Thourani,&nbsp;Brian Lindman,&nbsp;Mohamad Alkhouli,&nbsp;Hoda Hatoum","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03587-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03587-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To investigate the effect of changing systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively) on sinus flow and valvular and epicardial coronary flow dynamics after TAVR and SAVR.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>SAPIEN 3 and Magna valves were deployed in an idealized aortic root model as part of a pulse duplicating left heart flow loop simulator. Different combinations of SBP and DBP were applied to the test setup and the resulting change in total coronary flow from baseline (120/60 mmHg), effective orifice area (EOA), and left ventricular (LV) workload, with each combination, was assessed. In addition, particle image velocimetry was used to assess the Laplacian of pressure (<span>({nabla }^{2}text{P})</span>) in the sinus, coronary and main flow velocities, the energy dissipation rate (EDR) in the sinus and the LV workload.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study shows that under an elevated SBP, there is an increase in the total coronary flow, EOA, LV workload, peak velocities downstream of the valve, <span>({nabla }^{2}text{P})</span>, and EDR. With an elevated DBP, there was an increase in the total coronary flow and <span>({nabla }^{2}text{P})</span>. However, EOA and LV workload decreased with an increase in DBP, and EDR increased with a decrease in DBP.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Blood pressure alters the hemodynamics in the sinus and downstream flow following aortic valve replacement, potentially influencing outcomes in some patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3228 - 3239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic Mechanism Affects Lumbar Spine Creep Response.","authors":"Elizabeth D Dimbath, Concetta Morino, Shea Middleton, Jason Kait, Maria Ortiz-Paparoni, Theodore A Slotkin, Jason F Luck, Cameron R 'Dale' Bass","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03595-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03595-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to explore how cyclic loading influences creep response in the lumbar spine under combined flexion-compression loading.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten porcine functional spinal units (FSUs) were mechanically tested in cyclic or static combined flexion-compression loading. Creep response between loading regimes was compared using strain-time histories and linear regression. High-resolution computed tomography (µCT) visualized damage to FSUs. Statistical methods, ANCOVA and ANOVA, assessed differences in behavior between loading regimes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cyclic and static loading regimes exhibited distinct creep response patterns and biphasic response. ANCOVA and ANOVA analyses revealed significant differences in slopes of creep behavior in both linear phases. Cyclic tests consistently showed endplate fractures in µCT imaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals statistically significant differences in creep response between cyclic and static loading regimes in porcine lumbar spinal units under combined flexion-compression loading. The observed biphasic behavior suggests distinct phases of tissue response, indicating potential shifts in load transfer mechanisms. Endplate fractures in cyclic tests suggest increased injury risk compared to static loading. These findings underscore the importance of considering loading conditions in computational models and designing preventive measures for occupations involving repetitive spinal loading.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational-Aided Approach for the Optimization of Microfluidic-Based Nanoparticles Manufacturing Process","authors":"Marco Bellotti,&nbsp;Enrica Chiesa,&nbsp;Bice Conti,&nbsp;Ida Genta,&nbsp;Michele Conti,&nbsp;Ferdinando Auricchio,&nbsp;Alessandro Caimi","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03590-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-024-03590-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last few years, the microfluidic production of nanoparticles (NPs) is becoming a promising alternative to conventional industrial approaches (e.g., nanoprecipitation, salting out, and emulsification-diffusion) thanks to the production efficiency, low variability, and high controllability of the production parameters. Nevertheless, the development of new formulations and the switching of the production process toward microfluidic platforms requires expensive and time-consuming number of experiments for the tuning of the formulation to obtain NPs with specific morphological and functional characteristics. In this work, we developed a computational fluid dynamic pipeline, validated through an ad hoc experimental strategy, to reproduce the mixing between the solvent and anti-solvent (i.e., acetonitrile and TRIS–HCl, respectively). Moreover, beyond the classical variables able to describe the mixing performances of the microfluidic chip, novel variables were described in order to assess the region of the NPs formation and the changing of the amplitude of the precipitation region according to different hydraulic conditions. The numerical approach proved to be able to capture a progressive reduction of the nanoprecipitation region due to an increment of the flow rate ratio; in parallel, through the experimental production, a progressive increment of the NPs size heterogeneity was observed with the same fluid dynamic conditions. Hence, the preliminary comparison between numerical and experimental evidence proved the effectiveness of the computational strategy to optimize the NPs manufacturing process.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"52 12","pages":"3240 - 3252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10439-024-03590-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}