Annals of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A Handheld Probe for Focused Shear Wave Transient Elastography.","authors":"Yu-Hsuan Chao, John M Cormack, Kang Kim","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04316-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04316-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Noninvasive liver stiffness assessment using shear wave elastography is often limited by wave attenuation in deep tissue. We introduce and validate a handheld focused shear wave transient elastography (fTE) device with interchangeable concave pistons to generate focused shear waves for enhanced elastography in deep tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The device consists of a 3D-printed concave circular piston fit over the face of a phased ultrasound array driven by a mechanical vibrator. Benchtop setup validated shear wave speed (SWS) measurement against ground-truth linear array imaging. Handheld setup assessed measurement repeatability across three piston geometries in tissue-mimicking gelatin phantoms. Supersonic shear wave imaging (SSI) provided independent reference measurements to validate fTE SWS calculations. Shear wave amplitude at 45 mm depth and SWS measurement consistency were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Benchtop validation confirmed that fTE-measured SWS agreed within 10% of conventional flat piston TE measurements. Handheld setup demonstrated unbiased SWS across all piston geometries and against SSI. At a 45 mm depth, focused pistons produced approximately twofold to sevenfold greater shear wave amplitude than unfocused, depending on focusing gain and gelatin stiffness. Pairwise F-tests confirmed that SWS measurement using unfocused shear waves had significantly larger variance than using focused waves (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results demonstrate the feasibility of surface-generated focused shear waves for robust stiffness assessment. By significantly increasing shear wave amplitude at depth and improving measurement consistency with focused shear waves, this handheld fTE device addresses a primary limitation of conventional transient elastography in patients with deep livers or high body mass index.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventional Embolization Under Multifactorial Coupling: Mechanisms of Embolic-Agent Distribution and Feasibility of Closed-Loop Automatic Injection.","authors":"Dongcheng Ren, Xingyuan Li, Shijie Guo, Yang Li, Bo Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04329-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04329-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This narrative review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the mechanisms governing embolic-agent distribution and to examine the engineering rationale and translational feasibility of closed-loop or semi-automated embolic-agent injection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured search and targeted review of experimental, computational, and clinical studies were used to synthesize evidence on particle properties, injection parameters, hemodynamics, imaging feedback, and pressure monitoring related to embolization. Evidence was analyzed from a biomedical engineering perspective, with emphasis on transport mechanisms, sensing modalities, and control-relevant variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Embolic-agent distribution arises from the coupled effects of particle size, shape, and material properties; injection rate, mode, and catheter configuration; and lesion- and device-induced hemodynamic alterations. Quantitative digital subtraction angiography (qDSA and 4D-DSA) provides spatial and perfusion-related information, whereas local arterial pressure more directly reflects distal resistance evolution and reflux tendency. Taken together, these findings support an engineering interpretation of embolization as a constrained transport-flow-control process in which embolic distribution, endpoint assessment, and procedural safety are jointly influenced by particle characteristics, hemodynamics, and feedback-informed injection strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By reframing embolization as a coupled transport and control problem, this review integrates multifactorial distribution mechanisms with multimodal feedback concepts and outlines a preliminary engineering framework for future feedback-informed embolic-agent delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148682738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Function Assessment Through Wireless EEG and Gait Monitoring During Cognitive-Motor Dual Tasks.","authors":"Ludovica Gargiulo, Allegra Fullin, Pasquale Arpaia, Matteo De Luca, Ciro Ivan De Girolamo, Nicola Moccaldi, Marco Congedo, Paolo De Blasiis","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04311-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04311-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The simultaneous performance of tasks relying on the same cognitive processes might lead to gait disturbances. The study aims to explore the distinct involvement of working memory and inhibition during gait within a dual-task using 3D motion analysis and wireless electroencephalography (EEG), addressing limitations of previous research on the removal of gait-related artifacts from EEG signals and the EEG results' generalizability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>30 healthy participants performed two cognitive tasks designed to engage inhibition (Go-NoGo) and working memory (N-Back). Data acquisition was performed using a 19-channel wireless EEG device and a 3D optoelectronic system. 51 EEG features, seven spatial-temporal and nine kinematic parameters (seven spatiotemporal metrics and Gait Variable Scores for nine lower-limb joint ranges of motion) were analyzed. Riemannian geometry-based methods were employed to enhance artifact removal from EEG signals and to improve the EEG results' generalizability across subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gait analysis highlighted a predominant involvement of inhibition (p <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 0.048 for the most of spatial-temporal parameters and p <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 0.005 for GPS and GVS of Hip Flex-Extension among the kinematic parameters), whereas working memory engagement emerged mainly in response to higher cognitive demands (p = 0.037 for mostly spatial-temporal parameters and p <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 0.003 for GPS and GVS of Hip Flex-Extension among the kinetic parameters). Relative alpha desynchronization at F4 and at F3 emerged as candidate sensor-level EEG biomarkers of working memory- and inhibitory-related processes (p <math><mo>≤</mo></math> 5 <math><mrow><mo>×</mo> <msup><mn>10</mn> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>5</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> ) in the earlobe-reference configuration. A cross-domain mixed-effects analysis further showed that, among the tested EEG-gait associations, relative alpha power at F3 during the Go-NoGo task was significantly associated with stride length in the earlobe-reference configuration, suggesting that this sensor-level EEG feature may represent a candidate marker for monitoring the interaction between inhibitory control and gait adaptation during dual-task walking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports EEG-based monitoring of cognitive processes during walking and aids the design of tailored cognitive rehabilitation for motor-impaired individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Polymer Structure to Valve Function: A Multiscale Evaluation of Polycarbonate Polyurethanes for Polymeric Mitral Valves.","authors":"Farhad Sadeghi, Nnaoma Agwu, Mia Tacklind, Arash Kheradvar","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04308-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04308-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polymeric heart valves (PHVs) offer the potential to combine the durability of mechanical valves with the favorable hemodynamics of bioprosthetic valves; however, establishing clear relationships between polymer properties and valve-level function remains a key challenge. This study evaluates polycarbonate-based polyurethanes as candidate scaffold materials for polymeric mitral valves through a multiscale structure-function approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two aromatic polycarbonate-based thermoplastic polyurethanes, Carbothane AC-4095A (CB95-AC) and QuadraSil ARCS 90A (Qsil), were characterized using rheological, mechanical, and spectroscopic analyses. Trileaflet valve scaffolds were fabricated and evaluated using particle image velocimetry (PIV), pressure-flow measurements, and accelerated wear testing (AWT) up to 50 million cycles. Preliminary in vivo performance was assessed following implantation of a CB95-AC valve in an ovine model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qsil exhibited higher solution viscosity, lower storage modulus, and improved elastic recovery, indicating a more compliant response, whereas CB95-AC demonstrated greater stiffness and tear resistance. Both materials maintained stable valve function, with preserved projected orifice area and repeatable pressure waveforms after AWT. PIV analysis showed physiologic pulsatile inflow and intraventricular vortex formation for both valves, with Qsil producing slightly broader vorticity patterns and CB95-AC exhibiting more localized flow structures. Evaluation of the CB95-AC valve in vivo demonstrated preserved transmitral inflow with low pressure gradients and no evidence of obstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polycarbonate-based polyurethanes provide promising performance as polymeric mitral valve scaffolds, with material-dependent differences influencing leaflet mechanics and flow organization while maintaining structural integrity during comparative accelerated wear testing. These findings provide a multiscale framework for evaluating associations between polymer properties, mechanical behavior, and valve-level performance in next-generation polymeric and hybrid tissue-engineered heart valves.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Human Eye with Descemet Membrane Detachment.","authors":"Ammar I Alsabery, Muneer A Ismael, Zehba Raizah, Mohammad Ghalambaz, Ishak Hashim","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04317-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04317-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Detachment of Descemet membrane (DM) is a defect that occurs in the cornea of the human eye. Most previous examinations have focused on relatively simple benchmarks, excluding the complex interaction between intraocular fluid flow and delicate ocular structures such as the Descemet membrane, particularly in detachment issues. This paper simulates the detached DM as a flexible membrane to explore the convection inside the anterior chamber (AC) of human eye and to evaluate the cornea transplantation processes. The analysis is conducted numerically by considering the mixed heat transmission and the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) within a geometry representing the AC. The study of FSI facilitates the simulation of different elasticity modulus E of the detached DM ( <math><mrow><mi>E</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup><mn>10</mn> <mn>8</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> to <math><msup><mn>10</mn> <mn>11</mn></msup> </math> ), which enables the study of various corneas implemented in transplantation processes. Rayleigh number is varied from <math><msup><mn>10</mn> <mn>3</mn></msup> </math> to <math><msup><mn>10</mn> <mn>6</mn></msup> </math> to simulate thermal therapy of temperature difference from 0.25 to 250 K. The length of the iris accounts the length of the contacting part of the lens S having the isothermal hot temperature is also explored. Results reveal that the cornea type affects the stress imparted on the DDM and does not affect the thermal characteristics or the displacement within the anterior chamber. The shrinkage of the iris elevates the convective thermal characteristic by about 78%. Elevating the thermal therapy <math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi> <mi>T</mi></mrow> </math> from 2.5 to 25 K promotes the heat transfer by 47.6%.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Optimization of the Orbital Shaker Operational Parameters in Endothelial Mechanobiology.","authors":"Erik Muñoz, Nikolaos M Tsoukias, B Rita Alevriadou, Asad Mirza","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04324-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04324-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Orbital shakers are used in endothelial (EC) mechanobiology to simulate hemodynamic environments, yet guidelines for selecting physiologically relevant parameters are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, we investigated the effects of different orbital radii (A, at either 5 or 10 mm), angular velocities (RPM), and initial fluid heights (h₀) on wall shear stress (WSS) and free surface height (h) in 6-well plates on an orbital shaker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified operational bounds that generate undisturbed flow (UF) at the periphery and disturbed flow (DF) at the center, with WSS levels analogous to those in human arteries (peripheral: 10-14 dynes/cm²; central: 3-6 dynes/cm²), while minimizing media spillage and transient air exposure. For A = 5 mm, recommended settings span 190-210 RPM across h₀ = 2.6-4.1 mm; for A = 10 mm, 170 RPM is suitable for h₀ = 2.6-4.1 mm. Peripheral WSS was relatively insensitive to h₀, while central WSS increased with decreasing h₀. Free surface analysis confirmed that maximum fluid height remained below the well rim under recommended conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These insights inform orbital shaker settings that balance biological relevance with experimental practicality for EC mechanobiology studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Experimental and Computational Investigation to Establish the Mechanical Behaviour of Paediatric Aortic Coarctation Tissue.","authors":"Robert D Johnston, Niall Linnane, Shirsha Bose, Damien Kenny, Caitriona Lally","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04307-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04307-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The tissue mechanics resulting in coarctation of the aorta (CoA) remain poorly understood, limiting treatment options, particularly in paediatric patients. Endovascular stenting is the standard of care in adolescents and adults; however current devices are largely used off-label and do not account for the biomechanics or microstructure of the coarcted tissue. This study addresses this knowledge gap by combining uniaxial ring testing, histological assessment and finite element modelling of paediatric aortic coarctation samples to quantify its mechanical behaviour and layer-specific material parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aortic coarctation samples were obtained from paediatric patients and analysed using uniaxial ring testing and histology to characterise the tissue's mechanical response and the influence of microstructure. Finite element models were then developed to represent the ductal and aortic layers, and uniaxial ring tests were simulated with material parameters fitted to the experimental data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Uniaxial ring testing of paediatric aortic coarctation samples revealed marked variability in mechanical behaviour. Histological analysis identified two distinct tissue components-ductal and vessel tissue-with qualitative microstructural differences in collagen and elastin, as well as cellular density and morphology. For the first time, material parameters for the individual tissue components were quantified, with first-order Ogden models shown to best capture the experimental and computational behaviour.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Uniaxial ring testing and histological analysis were used to assess paediatric aortic coarctation samples and to establish fitted material parameters to the experimental data. Quantifying both the combined mechanical response provides preliminary biomechanical data that may be useful for future computational modelling studies investigating aortic coarctation tissue behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodynamic Effects of Aortic Stenosis on Coronary Flow Dynamics.","authors":"Roy Banay, Shiri Polak, Matan Danon, Oren Salimi, Ed David Hausmann, Ron Waksman, Yonathan Hasin, Idit Avrahami","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04318-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04318-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aortic stenosis (AS) commonly coexists with coronary artery disease (CAD), yet the direct hemodynamic link between valve function, coronary flow waveforms, and spatial wall shear stress (WSS) remains poorly defined. This study isolates and quantifies how AS-induced flow alterations generate atheroprone coronary environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro mock circulation loop modeled severe AS (effective orifice area 0.7 cm²) and post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR, Evolut R™) under 54 physiological states (heart rate 80-150 bpm; stroke volume 40-65 ml). Time-resolved coronary blood flow (CBF) measurements served as inlet boundary conditions for patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of coronary hemodynamics. Atherosclerotic risk was assessed using surface areas exposed to shear thresholds associated with plaque initiation or vulnerability: oscillatory shear index (OSI > 0.2), relative residence time (RRT > 4 Pa⁻¹), endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP > 0.5 Pa⁻¹), and time-averaged WSS (TAWSS < 0.45 Pa or > 4 Pa).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to TAVR, severe AS produced higher systolic transvalvular pressure gradients (45-70 mmHg vs. 10-25 mmHg) and lower aortic-sinus gradients, particularly at elevated heart rates (HR). Diastolic CBF was elevated at normal HR but declined with increasing HR, resulting in increased pulsatility and reduced coronary flow reserve. CFD revealed larger regions of atheroprone WSS in AS, predominantly on convex arterial curvatures, while elevated WSS localized to concave regions. TAVR reduced adverse WSS exposure by 30-50%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AS induces hemodynamic disturbances associated with atheroprone environments through altered coronary flow and adverse WSS patterns. TAVR mitigates these effects, highlighting opportunities for valve design optimization to improve the local coronary fluid-dynamic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Use of Inertial Measurement Units to Drive Inverse Kinematics Model to Estimate Motion During Military Parachute Tethered Tandem Bundle Operations.","authors":"Juan Baus, Tyler F Rooks, Haley A French Krahn, William J Tharion, James Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04309-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04309-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Military free-fall parachute operations subject Service Members to sudden mechanical loads during tether snatch and canopy opening, creating a high risk of musculoskeletal injury. Traditional video-based motion capture is impractical in these environments, limiting the ability to estimate joint-level kinematics in vivo. This study evaluated the feasibility of integrating wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) with musculoskeletal modeling to capture neck and shoulder kinematics during operational parachute jumps. Experienced parachutists conducted high-altitude low opening (HALO), high-altitude high opening (HAHO), and no-bundle jumps while equipped with seven synchronized IMUs positioned on the head, torso, and arms. Data were processed with the OpenSim OpenSense framework using a modified upper-body model. Model scaling was based on each subject's standing height, generic range of motion limits were applied, and calibration relied on an iterative alignment of the sensor orientations obtained while participants stood in a neutral anatomical posture. These methodological choices enabled analysis under operational conditions but also introduced potential sources of error, including calibration drift due to sensor shifts, lack of segment-specific scaling, and the absence of subject-specific joint range of motion data. Despite these challenges, the framework successfully generated estimates of neck and shoulder kinematics across jump types, demonstrating feasibility in a setting where conventional motion capture systems cannot be used. This work demonstrates the feasibility, promise, and current limitations of IMU-driven inverse kinematics in extreme environments. Lessons learned emphasize the need for individualized segment scaling, subject-specific range of motion measurements, and improved calibration protocols. By addressing these challenges in future research, IMU-based musculoskeletal modeling can become a powerful tool for integrating human biomechanics into parachute system design, protective equipment development, and training strategies aimed at reducing injury risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Digital Twin of the Cardiopulmonary System in a Mouse: Inferring Hemodynamics from Sparse Measurements.","authors":"Vitaly O Kheyfets, Kenzo Ichimura, Paul M Heerdt, Mengqian Zhang, Ella Lyon, Kurt R Stenmark, Edda Spiekerkoetter","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04107-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04107-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The use of rodent models in the study of cardiopulmonary disease is widespread, but comprehensive functional and hemodynamic characterization of the cardiopulmonary system in each rodent is often impractical and may require integration of multimodal measurements. The objective of this study is to evaluate a 0D cardiopulmonary model for simulating mouse-specific physiology and inferring individualized parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a 0D model of the cardiopulmonary axis, bounded by the right and left atria, incorporating 13 unknown parameters representing vascular impedance, RV pressure (RVP)-volume dynamics, and tricuspid/pulmonic valve regurgitation. The model fitted RVP and volume data from 28 mice across four surgical conditions, including two scenarios of mechanically induced RVP overload. Sensitivity and identifiability analyses revealed a reduced subset of nine parameters that were structurally and practically identifiable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optimization of the identifiable parameters adequately reproduced RVP waveforms (r = 0.94 for maximum dP/dt with LOA < 1 mmHg s^-1) and volume extrema (r = 0.97 for EDV, r = 0.98 for ESV with LOA for both measurements ~ 5 μL), while one non-physiological case was excluded from the analysis. As expected, mice with RVP overload exhibited elevated inferred Ees, Eed, and RAP. Also, model-inferred Ees was moderately correlated with single-beat estimates of RV contractility (r = 0.68, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study demonstrates that subject-specific computational modeling enables inference of ventricular function and pulmonary hemodynamics from RV pressure and volume data. This approach provides access to otherwise unmeasurable quantities and lays the groundwork for digital twins to support disease tracking and in silico testing of interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}