Nausathkhan Ubayathulla, M R Muthusekar, Pratibha Ramani, Suvarna Kizhakkoottu, Karthikeyan Ramalingam, S Dharini
{"title":"Alpha-tocopherol Levels in Predicting the Biological Behaviour of Ameloblastoma - A Comparative Study.","authors":"Nausathkhan Ubayathulla, M R Muthusekar, Pratibha Ramani, Suvarna Kizhakkoottu, Karthikeyan Ramalingam, S Dharini","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_164_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_164_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A clear understanding of the biological nature, the importance of diagnosis and the identification of adjunct treatment options of ameloblastoma are gaining importance in their surgical planning and treatment. The anti-tumourigenic properties of alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E) are significant and less studied among odontogenic tumours. Hence, the present study aimed to calculate and compare the mean Vitamin E levels in ameloblastoma patients and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This observational case-control study included 24 participants (12 cases and 12 controls) and was conducted following institutional ethical approval. After obtaining the informed consent, blood samples were collected from the study participants. Serum Vitamin E levels were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography and expressed in mg/mL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the independent <i>t</i>-test, the mean serum Vitamin E of the case group was found to be lower (mean ± standard deviation [SD] = 5.28 ± 0.62 mg/L) when compared to healthy controls (mean ± SD = 12.08 ± 1.92 mg/L) (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.0001). The mean Vitamin E level of plexiform variant (5.2 mg/L) was less when compared to the follicular variant (6.02 mg/L) (<i>P</i> = 0.34) and plexiform ameloblastoma was more common among younger age groups (<i>P</i> = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The reduced concentration of Vitamin E among ameloblastoma cases can have a potential role in the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of odontogenic tumours. Among ameloblastoma, plexiform variant showed low mean serum Vitamin E. The therapeutic action of Vitamin E should be studied in detail for better adjunctive treatment options in ameloblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"30-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anomalous Jaw Tumour Progression from Multiple Complex Odontomas to Cemento-ossifying Fibroma - A Case Report.","authors":"Sachin Jha, Vilas Newaskar, Bharat Maheshwari","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_167_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_167_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Odontomas are benign, asymptomatic odontogenic tumours, while ossifying fibromas are fibro-osseous lesions from the periodontal ligament. The rare transition from odontomas to an ossifying fibroma in the same jaw highlights the need for long-term follow-up.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns and diagnosis: </strong>A young adult with multiple odontomas, one of which later changed into a different type of bone-related tumour; ossifying fibroma. The first odontoma was surgically removed 10 years ago, followed by the development of a cemento-ossifying fibroma from an anterior odontoma.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcomes: </strong>The fibroma was excised via an intraoral vestibular incision, and the lesion was completely enucleated. Paraesthesia occurred postoperatively due to proximity to the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves but resolved within 3 - 4 weeks. The patient experienced a significant reduction in swelling and improved facial symmetry, with long-term follow-up required for recurrence monitoring.</p><p><strong>Take-away lessons: </strong>This case emphasises the potential evolution of odontogenic tumours and the importance of vigilant monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"106-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H T Arvind Rao, Firdous Abdul Sathar, Ashwin K Harekal, Jagadish Chandra
{"title":"Oroantral Fistula Management in Diabetic Patients - A Case Report.","authors":"H T Arvind Rao, Firdous Abdul Sathar, Ashwin K Harekal, Jagadish Chandra","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_144_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_144_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>This case series evaluates the effectiveness of the buccal advancement flap and buccal pad of fat for treating oroantral fistula (OAF) in uncontrolled diabetic patients, focusing on healing, complications and success rates.</p><p><strong>Patient concern: </strong>OAF is a condition marked by abnormal communication between the oral cavity and maxillary sinus, often leading to infections, purulent discharge, nasal regurgitation and discomfort. Diabetic patients face additional healing challenges.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>OAF is commonly caused by posterior maxillary teeth extractions with symptoms exacerbated by chronic sinus infection, especially in uncontrolled diabetics.</p><p><strong>Treatment: </strong>Two surgical techniques were employed: the buccal advancement flap and buccal pad of fat. Both aim to enhance fistula closure and minimise complications in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>Both approaches achieved successful fistula closure with satisfactory healing despite the patients' impaired healing capacity.</p><p><strong>Take-away lessons: </strong>Buccal advancement flap and buccal pad of fat provide effective and reliable solutions for OAF management in uncontrolled diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"115-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramita V Sood, Ragini Ramendra Tiwari, Hu Weihsin, Anupama B Chauhan, Nisarg R Trivedi, Bansarim B Gadhiya
{"title":"Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Involving the Maxilla and Mandible - A Case Report.","authors":"Ramita V Sood, Ragini Ramendra Tiwari, Hu Weihsin, Anupama B Chauhan, Nisarg R Trivedi, Bansarim B Gadhiya","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_136_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_136_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease involving neoplastic proliferation of myeloid precursor cells, primarily affecting bones such as ribs, pelvis, femur, and mandible with rare simultaneous involvement of the maxilla and mandible.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns and diagnosis: </strong>A 48-year-old male presented with swelling and tooth mobility since 6 months. Orthopantomogram revealed extensive destruction in the mandible and right maxillary posterior region. Histological examination confirmed LCH using immunohistochemical staining with S-100, CD1a.</p><p><strong>Treatment: </strong>As patient refused of surgery, intralesional methylprednisolone injections were selected as non-invasive treatment approach for localized LCH.</p><p><strong>Outcome: </strong>Three months post-treatment, remission was observed, though some residual lesion remained. Follow-up at six months showed no further disease progression, supporting the efficacy of corticosteroid injections.</p><p><strong>Take-away lessons: </strong>Treatment should be based on the diagnosis of LCH along with the extent of involvement of bones. Based on review of the literature and our own findings, intralesional corticosteroids were found to be effective for localized LCH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"102-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge and Perception about Dental Implants, Bone Grafting and Complications in Population of Delhi NCR - An Evaluative Study.","authors":"Tashika Chaudhary, Shakila Mahesh, Tufail Iqbal Doond","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_220_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_220_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental implants are a popular solution for tooth replacement, offering functional and aesthetic benefits. However, patients' understanding and perceptions significantly impact their decisions and expectations. In Delhi NCR, rising demand for dental implants underscores the importance of evaluating public awareness, common misconceptions and sources of information.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 residents of Delhi NCR using an online questionnaire. The survey assessed participants' knowledge of dental implants, perceptions of the procedure and bone grafting and sources of information. Demographics such as age, gender and education were collected to identify trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the respondents, 61.8% were men, and 38.2% were women. While 98% claimed familiarity with dental implants, 51.7% believed they required more care than natural teeth and 40% thought they lasted only 2-10 years. Dentists were the primary source of information for 50% of participants. Misconceptions were common, with 41% associating implants with systemic illness and 66% indicating no need for tooth replacement. Regarding bone grafting, 60% were willing to use bone from their jaw, 57.3% preferred synthetic substitutes and 29% thought implants could cause systemic complications.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although awareness of dental implants is high, misconceptions about their longevity, care needs and complications persist. These findings highlight the need for targeted education to address misinformation and improve patient understanding, enabling informed decisions about implants and related treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconstruction of Zygoma in Total Agenesis in Treacher-Collins Syndrome Using Kerfed Rib Grafts - A Retrospective Study.","authors":"S M Balaji, Preetha Balaji","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_28_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_28_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Reconstruction of zygomatic agenesis in Treacher-Collins syndrome (TCS) poses a significant challenge. Traditional bone grafting techniques often fail to address the complex three-dimensional (3D) anatomy and biomechanical demands. This study introduces an approach using kerfed rib grafts and titanium scaffolding for such reconstructions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on six TCS patients (five males, one female; mean age 20.17 ± 2.91 years) with zygomatic agenesis. Pre-operative 3D computed tomography imaging guided surgical planning. Kerfed rib grafts, harvested via a subperiosteal approach, were meticulously contoured and secured to the maxilla and zygomatic root using pre-contoured titanium plates through bicoronal and intraoral incisions. Lateral canthal ligaments were repositioned and hypoplastic maxillae augmented with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All six patients underwent successful single-stage reconstruction without intraoperative or post-operative complications, including infection or donor-site morbidity. Over a 12-month follow-up, stable reconstructions with significant improvements in facial symmetry and function were observed. Radiographic assessments confirmed adequate integration of rib grafts and maintained structural stability; no revision surgeries were required.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Kerfed rib grafts, combined with titanium scaffolding, offer superior conformability, reduced donor-site morbidity and improved aesthetic outcomes compared to traditional techniques for severe zygomatic hypoplasia in TCS. This approach addresses the limitations of calvarial and non-kerfed rib grafts by providing enhanced flexibility, stress distribution and vascularisation. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the durability of these reconstructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Augmented Reality in Temporomandibular Joint Arthrocentesis - An Evaluative Clinical Study.","authors":"Jigna S Shah, Manish K Poojary","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_45_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_45_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Augmented reality (AR) combines computer-generated images, audios and videos on a screen with real-life scenes. Arthrocentesis is the lavage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using sterile needles and sterile irrigants which requires precise puncture by a needle to the upper joint compartment. The aim of the study was to develop an AR system to identify the puncture point for TMJ arthrocentesis with direct access to the upper compartment of the joint.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two cases diagnosed with chronic recurrent dislocation of TMJ were selected for the study. A three-dimensional virtual model was reconstructed from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of a patient. The AR visualisation was created by developing an Android app which superimposed the virtual model and the TMJ in real time. The skin puncture point was marked on the skin, and the needle was guided to the upper compartment of the joint using this superimposed view to perform TMJ arthrocentesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Puncture with the AR method was successful in both the cases with direct access to the upper compartment of TMJ. Pain had reduced completely in both cases during 30- and 60-day follow-up periods; maximum mouth opening had reduced by an average of 4.33 mm after 60 days postoperatively, and clicking sound was completely absent after 14-day follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>AR could potentially enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of TMJ arthrocentesis by providing precise needle guidance and reducing the need for multiple punctures. However, the limitations must be addressed as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"78-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Orthognathic Surgery and Artificial Intelligence - Opportunities and Cautions.","authors":"S M Balaji","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_55_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_55_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hunter R Jolicoeur, Gerard A Camargo, Tamara G Stephenson, Wenjian Zhang
{"title":"Accuracy of Implant Size Prediction Based on Edentulous Ridge Dimension on Cone-beam Computed Tomography - A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Hunter R Jolicoeur, Gerard A Camargo, Tamara G Stephenson, Wenjian Zhang","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_101_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_101_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the recommended imaging modality for implant planning. It is important to evaluate the accuracy of CBCT-based implant size prediction. This study aims to correlate projected implant sizes from CBCT alveolar ridge measurements with the actual sizes of placed implants, to determine the accuracy of the prediction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>CBCTs taken for implant placement were included. The heights and widths of edentulous ridges were measured with Anatomage <i>in vivo</i> dental three-dimensional software, and actual implant size data were retrieved from treatment notes. Central incisor, canine, first premolar and first molar locations were analysed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was run to determine the average sizes for edentulous ridges and implants and Pearson correlation was conducted to determine the accuracy of CBCT-based implant size prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 544 cases analysed, the average implant diameter was 4.17 mm (standard deviation [SD] =0.38) and the length was 10.05 mm (SD =1.17). Alveolar width and height were 3.74 mm and 4.31 mm larger than the implant diameters and lengths, respectively providing approximately 1.5-2 mm of extra space on either side of the implant in relation to adjacent anatomical structures. Implants placed at mandibular canine and first molar and maxillary first premolar demonstrated significant correlations with the sizes of the edentulous ridges (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CBCT-based alveolar ridge measurements have been demonstrated as reliable parameters to predict implant sizes. However, its accuracy may be limited by the factors such as edentulous ridge morphology and proximity to vital anatomic landmarks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"14 2","pages":"187-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11828063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R Mahesh Kumar, M S Sreelakshmi, Varsha Subramanyam, Yash Vyas Vipulkumar
{"title":"Osteochondroma below the Infraorbital Rim - A Case Report.","authors":"R Mahesh Kumar, M S Sreelakshmi, Varsha Subramanyam, Yash Vyas Vipulkumar","doi":"10.4103/ams.ams_199_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ams.ams_199_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Osteochondroma, a benign bony neoplasm that can develop in any part of the body, commonly appears in the ends of the long bones. It can also occur in the craniofacial region such as mandibular condyle and coronoid region. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, surgical management and post-operative outcomes in a 34-year-old male patient. Only few cases are reported in literature till now and often are mistaken as bony exostosis.</p><p><strong>Patient concerns: </strong>The patient sought medical attention due to the cosmetic concerns.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Through clinical palpation and radiological interpretation. Provisional diagnosis of bony exostosis was made, which was later confirmed as osteochondroma on histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Treatment: </strong>Surgical removal of the bony growth was performed.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>Follow-up was uneventful with no evidence of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Take-away lessons: </strong>The report aims to raise awareness about this manifestation and to encourage further research to better understand aetiology, management and outcomes of osteochondroma in unusual locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7972,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"14 2","pages":"232-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11828045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}