Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...最新文献

{"title":"Abstracts of papers presented at the 39th meeting of the section medical microbiology and immunology of the Deutsche gesellschaft für hygiene und mikrobiologie, Bonn, October 3–6, 1983","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80019-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80019-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 4","pages":"Pages 408-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80019-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136899527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"II. Sachverzeichnis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80035-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80035-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 4","pages":"Pages 563-571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80035-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136899810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxwell finland lecture","authors":"Paul G. Quie","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80018-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80018-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The theme detente has been used to highlight bacterial weapons and host defenses. Interactions on host surfaces “at the border” zone are usually subclinical events. If bacteria have initial success and invade, iron sequestration, serum bacteriocidins, opsonins and the phagocytic system keeps this a localized event.</p><p>More virulent microbes have evolved mechanims for evading the phagocytic system by developing thick cell walls with specialized structures or capsules. Fortunately, the host's specific adaptive immune granulocytes and macrophages response provides opsonic antibodies for efficient phagocytosis.</p><p>The phagocytes' oxidative burst, granule disruption, and phagosome formation results in host superiority although prolonged co-existence may exist when certain bacteria successfully evade intracellular events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 4","pages":"Pages 401-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80018-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113973839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative studies on nutritional and physiological characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus originating from Germany, Togo and Peru","authors":"Ernst-August Heinemeyer","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80020-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80020-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During monitoring of bathing areas on the German North Sea coast, 24 strains of <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> were obtained from 32 water samples. The similarity of these strains to 80 <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> strains isolated in Togo (patients and environment) and Peru (environment), respectively, was studied using 53 tests (fermentation of carbohydrates, decarboxylation of amino acids and utilisation of different C-sources). The results show a high degree of similarity among all strains with regard to fermentation properties (except fermentation of arabinose and decarboxylation of ornithine). Pronounced differences were found by tests for utilisation of different C-sources. A statistical computerized evaluation of the results revealed a closer relatedness of the German strains to isolates from Togo than to those from environmental sources of Peru. Additional tests for determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of 11 antibiotics resulted in a high degree of similarity, too.</p><p>Examination of 3014 faeces specimens from patients with acute enteric disease for <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> were negative.</p></div><div><p>Aus Nordseewasser von Strandbädern, das zur Untersuchung der hygienischen Wasserqualität eingesendet wurde, konnten im Sommer 1981 und 1982 24 Stämme von <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> isoliert werden. Da <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> in Deutschland als Enteritiserreger kaum nachgewiesen wird, wurde die Ähnlichkeit dieser Isolate zu 80 <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> Stämmen aus Togo (Patienten und Umwelt) und Peru (Umwelt), wo diese Bakterien regelmäßig als Enteritiserreger angetroffen werden, in 53 Tests geprüft. Ein weitgehend einheitliches Verhalten zeigten die Bakterien bei den Vergärungstests (Ausnahme: Abbau von Arabinose und Decarboxylierung von Ornithin). Stärkere Abweichungen wurden dagegen bei der Verwertung einfacherer Kohlenstoffquellen gefunden. Statistische Berechnungen ergaben eine höhere Ähnlichkeit der Stämme aus Deutschland zu den Isolaten aus Togo als zu den peruanischen Stämmen. Eine zusätzlich durchgeführte Bestimmung der Minimalen Hemmkonzentration gegenüber 11 Antibiotica ergab ebenfalls große Übereinstimmungen.</p><p>Die zur gleichen Zeit durchgeführte Untersuchung auf <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> in 3014 Stuhlproben von Patienten mit akuter Gastroenteritis verlief negativ.</p><p>Die große Ähnlichkeit der Stämme aus dem deutschen Küstengebiet mit denen von Patienten anderer Gebiete der Welt sollte Veranlassung sein, marine Vibrionen in Untersuchungsprogramme des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens mit der Beschränkung auf den Küstenraum einzubeziehen, da eine latente Infektionsgefahr nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 4","pages":"Pages 443-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80020-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17437855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations on malaria in european perching birds (passeriformes)","authors":"Axel Haberkorn","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80004-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80004-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>893 passeriformes birds belonging to 44 species and 14 families were investigated for blood parasites during a study running over 5 years. More than 1700 blood samples were taken. An average of 14% of the birds proved to be infected, most frequently with <em>Leucozytozoon</em> and <em>Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus). Plasmodium</em> sp. as well as other blood parasites were rarely found. Positive findings were correlated to the number of birds investigated per species, to the frequency and mode of inspections, the species of birds, the age of birds, and to the season. The latter is especially important for Haemoproteidaes. The distribution of exoerythrocytic schizonts in various organs is dealt with. The malaria infections only very rarely were fatal to the birds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 288-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80004-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78308202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the activity of obioactin with acetylspiramycin on mice infected with toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Naoyoshi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Fem M. Espinas ,&nbsp;Haruhisa Sakurai ,&nbsp;Atsushi Saito ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Gunshiro Kato ,&nbsp;Koichi Manba ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Koshi Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Humio Osaki","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80015-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80015-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In acutely infected mice, acetylspiramycin (ASPM) administered in combination with Obioactin, or sulfamethoxypyrazine (SMPZ), prevented <em>Toxoplasma</em> organisms from encysting in the brain and heart tissues. When adminstered alone, ASPM prevented these organisms from encysting in the heart but not in the brain.</p><p>All the regimens used failed to reduce the bulk of parasites in the brain and heart tissues of chronically infected mice. Treatment with an ASPM-Obioactin combination, however, brought about the most remarkable reduction, or 52.4 %, of the cyst count in the brain of all the methods of treatment applied. Light and electron microscopy of the mice with chronic <em>Toxoplasma</em> infection revealed no changes in the brain or heart tissue of the ASPM-Obioactin treated mice and degenerative changes in the cyst wall and bradyzoites and a remarkable increase of microglias with cysts in the brain in some of these mice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 367-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80015-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74666233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on babesia first found in murine in Japan: Epidemiology, morphology and experimental infection","authors":"Tsunezo Shiota ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kurimoto,&nbsp;Naoyuki Haguma,&nbsp;Yukio Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80013-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80013-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the period from November 1980 to September 1982, 314 small wild mammals were captured in 5 localities in Japan. Twenty-six out of 86 <em>Apodemus speciosus</em> and one out of 6 <em>A. argenteus</em> both species captured in Shiga Prefecture (35°02′N, 135°50′E, 330 m elev.) were positive for babesia. The parasitemia in those animals was generally low. The infection rate did not show any significant difference between sexes of the host or between seasons, whereas it tended to go up with the increase of the body weight of the host. Several developing stages were seen by light microscopic examination such as small to large sizes of ring forms, ameboid forms, dividing forms which finally formed 4 merozoites.</p><p>The susceptibility of several kinds of experimental and wild animals to this babesia was studied. It was the highest in the nude mouse followed by the golden hamster, mongolian gerbil, mouse and rat. Furthermore, <em>Microtus montebelli, A. speciosus, Clethrionomys rufocanus</em>, Japanese monkey (splenectomized) and crab-eating monkey (splenectomized) became positive for babesial infection after experimental inoculation. The intensities of infection in those animals were generally very low although the infection continued for as long as two months. The Japanese monkey, crab-eating monkey, dog, cat and <em>Eotbenomys smithi</em> (all without splenectomy), and Guinea pig and rabbit (both with and without splenectomy) were negative for babesia after being infected in the same manner.</p><p>This is the first report of murine babesia in Japan. Although this babesia is not different from <em>Babesia microti</em> as far as the present examination shows, we intend to give a specific name to this parasite when the experiment on vector is completed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 347-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80013-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89211083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasmacidal activity of obioactin derived from hydrolyzed toxoplasma immune bovine serum in heterologous cell cultures","authors":"Naoyoshi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Akihisa Izumo ,&nbsp;Haruhisa Sakurai ,&nbsp;Atsushi Saito ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Miura ,&nbsp;Humio Osaki","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80014-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Serum samples were collected from <em>Toxoplasma</em>-infected cattle after challenge and 24 h after <em>Toxoplasma</em> lysate injection. They were hydrolyzed with proteinase, HCl and NaOH. Then substances 3,000 to 5,000 in molecular weight were obtained from fractionation by chromatography. Native serum was collected from cattle immune only to <em>Toxoplasma</em> was affected in homologous bovine monocytes. Of the hydrolyzed fractions, one termed Obioactin inhibited the growth of <em>Toxoplasma</em> in heterologous cells, such as mouse macrophages and kidney cells, canine monocytes, and human heart and brain cells. Its toxoplasmacidal activity was presumed to be derived from its non-specific cell potentiating effects. In mice immunized to <em>Toxoplasma</em> peritoneal macrophages released about 10 times as much superoxide (O₂⁻) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as glycogen-elicited macrophages in normal mice. The release of O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ from glycogen-elicited and resident macrophages in normal mice showed a tendency to increase up to 72 h of incubation with 0.5% Obioactin. No changes in the O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ release were found in kidney cells during the period of incubation with Obioactin. In those immunized mice activated macrophages and kidney cells inhibited the intracellular multiplication of <em>Toxoplasma</em> parasites remarkably. It was suggested that the increase in O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ generating activity in the macrophages might be associated with the enhancement of antitoxoplasmatic activity. The mechanism of inhibition of Obioactin, however, might be different from that of mouse macrophages on the multiplication of <em>Toxoplasma</em> in mouse kidney cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 356-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80014-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76400460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naegleria: Observations on its Distribution in East Asia and South America, and Electron Microscopic Studies on Cultured Trophozoites","authors":"Shinkichi Akao ,&nbsp;Makoto Nishiyama ,&nbsp;Yayoi Ichiki","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80001-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80001-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study is a survey of the distribution of <em>Naegleria</em> strains in water collected from ponds and rivers. Twenty three strains were isolated and identified as <em>Naegleria fowleri</em>. These strains were examined in culture for temperature tolerance. The five strains among of them were able to survive 32–36 °C. The two virulent strains were isolated from above the five strains.</p><p>The lamellar structures in <em>Naegleria</em> showed positive reaction for acid phosphatase activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 273-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80001-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88251072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed secondary immune response in mice immunized with toxoplasma antigens and its effect for protection against toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Kenyichi Yano ,&nbsp;Toshio Nakabayashi","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80016-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80016-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary immune response by mice immunized with <em>Toxoplasma</em> peritoneal exudate (PE) was produced slowly at a low level.</p><p>To induce high <em>Toxoplasma</em> antibodies, mice should be boostered after the primary immune response reached the peak in 4 weeks or later.</p><p>Immunization of mice with PE alone in 4 weeks could suppress the growth of <em>Toxoplasma</em> but could not accomplish protection. Two of 9 mice immunized with PE in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA), and 16 of 27 mice immunized with PE containing <em>Toxoplasma</em> (ToxoPE) in CFA were protected against a challenge of 1 × 10³<em>Toxoplasma</em>, RH strain. The mice surviving to the challenge showed complete protection against a rechallenge of higher dose, 1 × 10⁶ RH strain.</p><p>Their ascites were very high in LA titer and would be a great source for obtaining high titer antibodies to <em>Toxoplasma</em> without contamination of host serum components. Biological characters of <em>Toxoplasma</em>, RH strain, in chronic infection of mice are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"256 3","pages":"Pages 381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80016-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85561584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}