Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...最新文献

{"title":"Immune Response in BALB/c Mice Following Immunization with Heat-killed Mycobacterium lepraemurium","authors":"Leroy Graham ,&nbsp;Ram G. Navalkar","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80049-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80049-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>BALB/c mice were immunized with 1 × 10⁷ heat-killed <em>Mycobacterium lepraemurium</em> (Mlm) via the hind foot pad. Four weeks later, the animals were infected with 1 × 10⁹ Mlm intraperitoneally. Skin test studies, using footpad swelling as a parameter, indicated the development of skin reactivity to Mlm and <em>M. leprae</em> cell extracts. Immunized animals that were infected showed positive reactions to both antigens by the second week. This persisted up to fourteen weeks, at which time, bacillary restriction was also observed in the spleens and livers. Non-immunized infected animals, on the other hand showed a decline in skin reactivity to the two antigens used, and also showed proliferation of Mlm in the two organs examined. Animals receiving heat-killed Mlm or sensitized splenocytes when challenged with 5 × 10³<em>M. leprae</em> via hind foot pad, did not show inhibition of the infecting agent, thus indicating a lack of cross-protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80049-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87528568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phospholipase C of an Oral Strain of Propionibacterium acnes Purification and Partial Characterization","authors":"Takeshi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Hiroo Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Kazunori Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Setsuo Fujimura ,&nbsp;Gerhard Pulverer","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80039-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80039-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phospholipase C of the oral <em>Propionibacterium acnes</em> strain D 7 was purified from culture supernatants and partially characterized. The molecular weight was found to be 32.000 and the optimum pH was situated between 7.0 to 8.0. This nonhemolytic enzyme hydrolyzed relative intensively acidic glycerophospholipids and produced 1,2-diglyceride from phosphatidyl choline.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80039-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81625548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Über biologische Wirkungen von Koordinationsverbindungen der Übergangsmetalle 5. Zum Einfluß von Dimethylsulfoxid auf die zytotoxischen, antiviralen und antitumoralen Eigenschaften von Cis-dichloro-diammin-platin (II): „Cis-Platin“","authors":"Marion Tonew ,&nbsp;Emil Tonew ,&nbsp;Walter Gutsche ,&nbsp;Klaus Wohlrabe ,&nbsp;Axel Stelzner ,&nbsp;Hans-Peter Schröer ,&nbsp;Bodo Heyn","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80048-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80048-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In water or dimethyl sulfoxide solutions cis-platinum is subject of time depending solvolytic reactions leading to compounds with different biological effectivity. Whereas the inactivation of vaccinia, vesicular stomatitis and adeno virus type 5 was not changed if dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyl formamide instead of destilled water were used as solvents, long time stored solutions of cis-platinum in dimethyl sulfoxide were tolerated by cells cultivated in vitro in 8–25 times higher concentrations in comparison with a freshly solved preparation. Their antiviral effectivity was maintained. On the other hand experiments with mice showed that simultaneously with the decrease of toxicity of an aged cis-platinum solution in DMSO also its antileukemic activity disappeared. In a 5 weeks old cis-platinum solution in destilled water antitumor activity was preserved in spite of enhanced toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 108-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80048-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92094694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification and Characterization of Two Serratia marcescens Proteases","authors":"Margareta Doerr ,&nbsp;Walter H. Traub","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80038-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80038-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The exocellular proteases of two <em>Serratia marcescens</em> strains (strains SF 178 and SH 186; both of serotype 06/014:H12 and bacteriocin type 18) were separated from the culture supernatants through precipitation with ammonium sulfate, followed by hydroxylapatite adsorption chromatography, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and DEAE-Sephadex A-25 ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weights amounted to 54,400 Daltons (SDS-PAGE electrophoresis). Both enzymes contained 1 g-atom of zinc and 7 g-atoms of calcium per mol. The amino acid sequences were essentially identical. Serologically, both enzymes cross-reacted strongly, suggesting similar antigenic determinants. The two enzymes were microheterogeneous; isoelectric focusing revealed two protein bands at pH 5.4 and 5.5, respectively. The optimal temperature for hydrolysis of azocasein was 30°C. Both proteases revealed 2 optimal pH values (SF 178 = pH 6–7 and pH 8–10; SH 186 = pH 7 and pH 9).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 6-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80038-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80330530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vorkommen und Nachweis von Enterotoxin-bildenden E. coli-Stämmen in Milch und Milchprodukten","authors":"V. Franke ,&nbsp;G. Hahn,&nbsp;A. Tolle","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80042-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80042-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enteric diseases caused by enterotoxigenic <em>E. coli</em> strains (ETEC) become more and more important all over the world. Frequently food is implicated as a vector. - From this the necessity arises to identify ETEC strains and/or their heatlabile (LT) and heat-stable enterotoxins (ST). The examinations carried out for the presented paper showed the following results:</p><p>Detection of LT by coagglutination is a simple and rapid test and may be helpful for screening. Most suitable, however, is the application of ELISA which enables the detection of 1 ng/ml LT with a good reproducibility.</p><p>For identification of ST the suckling mouse assay (SMA) yields reliable results.</p><p>ELISA and SMA have proved to be useful in practice for examination of food samples. By means of these methods 157 <em>E. coli</em> strains predominantly isolated from milk and milk products were examined. Hereby, five ETEC strains could be identified (3.2 %).</p><p>For the purpose of food examination a procedure was developed which ensures a reliable and efficient identification of <em>E. coli</em> enterotoxin. The essential steps are enrichment in E.E.-broth, subcultivation in CAYE-2-broth, identification of LT by ELISA resp. coagglutination and the detection of ST with aid of the SMA. So, isolation of single colonies can be omitted, which is an essential advantage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80042-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92094690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolierung und Charakterisierung von erythrogenen Toxinen VIL Untersuchung des von Streptococcus pyogenes gebildeten erythrogenen Toxins Typ C","authors":"Jörg-Hermann Ozegowski ,&nbsp;Heide Knöll,&nbsp;Dieter Gerlach,&nbsp;Werner Köhler","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80041-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80041-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Erythrogenic toxin (ET) type C was purified from culture filtrates of <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> strains NY 5, T 18, and AT 13. Methods used included ammonium sulfate precipitation, phosphate precipitation, column chromatography on CM-Sepharose and Sephadex G 100, and isoelectric focusing in Sephadex gel. The molecular weight was determined by SDS gel electrophoresis as 25,500. The preparation reacted only with homologous antiserum (anti-C), but not with antitoxins types A or B in double diffusion tests. The isoelectric point was determined to be 6.8 by analytical isoelectric focusing. Also the amino acid composition was determined. The toxin was found to be mitogenic (as well as pyrogenic and toxic for rabbits). The ET type C is digested by trypsin, pepsin, chymotrypsin and Pronase E, but is rather stable when treated with papain or streptococcal proteinase.</p></div><div><p>Aus Kulturfiltraten der <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>-Stämme NY 5, T 18 und AT 13 wurde nach Ammoniumsulfatfällung, Phosphatfällung, CM-Sepharosechromatografie mit anschließender</p><p>Fokussierung und Chromatografie an Sephadex G 100 erythrogenes Toxin Typ C dargestellt. Das Molekulargewicht des Toxins wurde durch SDS-Elektrophorese zu 25500 bestimmt. Serologisch reagierte das Toxin nur mit dem homologen Anti-C-Toxin. Mit isoelektrischer Fokussierung wurde ein isoelektrischer Punkt von 6,8 bestimmt. Die Aminosäurezusammensetzung wurde bestimmt und mit Literaturwerten verglichen. Die Substanz war mitogen, pyrogen und toxisch für Kaninchen. Das Toxin wird durch Trypsin, Pepsin, Chymotrypsin und Pronase E abgebaut, die Behandlung mit Papain und Streptokokkenproteinase führt lediglich zu einem Verlust der Pyrogenität.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 38-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80041-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92094691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phagocytosis of Non-Opsonized Escherichia coli by Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages","authors":"Halvor Rollag ,&nbsp;Torstein Hovig","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80047-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80047-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phagocytosis of non-opsonized <em>Escherichia coli</em> by mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) was studied by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. During a phagocytosis period of 90 min the surface morphology changed. Early in the phagocytosis period the MPM were polar with many ridges and villi, and little ruffling. At the end of the period the cells appeared well spread with a smooth surface and extensive ruffling. Two modes for ingestion of bacteria seemed to exist. The bacteria were ingested either by membrane folds rising from the macrophage surface, fitting tightly to the bacteria or by bacteria sinking into the cytoplasm of the MPM. Early in the period of phagocytosis most bacteria were attached to the surface. Ten per cent of the bacteria attached were never ingested. Bacteria ingested were located in phagolysosomes that were either of a tight or a loose type. After a phagocytosis period of 90 min the phagolysosomes contained bacteria at different stages of degradation. During the degradation the bacteria showed several morphological changes including a decrease in the density of the endoplasm, detachment of the bacterial membrane from the cell wall and deformities in the bacterial cell wall.</p></div><div><p>Die Phagocytose von nicht-opsonisierten <em>Escherichia coli</em> durch peritoneale Mäusemakrophagen wurde mit Hilfe von Lichtmikroskopie, Scanning-Elektronenmikorskopie und Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie untersucht. Die Oberflächenmorphologie veränderte sich innerhalb einer Phagocytoseperiode von 90 Min. Zu Anfang der Phagocytose waren die Mäusemakrophagen langgestreckt mit vielen stegartigen und zottigen Ausläufern, an der</p><p>Haftfläche wenig ausgefranst. Gegen Ende der Phagocytoseperiode erschienen die Zellen gut verteilt. Es schienen zwei Arten der Bakterienaufnahme zu existieren. Die Bakterien wurden entweder durch die Bakterien dicht umschließende Membranfalten aufgenommen oder durch Hineinsinken der Bakterien in das Cytoplasma der Makrophagen. In der frühen Periode der Phagocytose wurden die meisten Bakterien an die Makrophagenoberfläche gebunden. Zehn Prozent der auf diese Weise gebundenen Bakterien wurden überhaupt nicht in die Makrophagen aufgenommen. Die aufgenommenen Bakterien befanden sich in Phagolysosomen von dichtem oder lockerem Typ. Nach einer Phagocytoseexponierung von 90 Min. enthielten die Phagolysosomen Bakterien in verschiedenen Stadien des Zerfalls. Während des Abbaues zeigten die Bakterien verschiedene morphologische Veränderungen, darin eingeschlossen eine Abnahme der endoplasmatischen Dichte, Trennung der Bakterienmembran von der Zellwand samt Zellwanddeformitäten der Bakterien.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 93-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80047-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91999484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colony-Formation of Staphylococci in Fibronectin-Soft-Agar 1 Kolonienwachstum von Staphylokokken in Fibronectin-Soft-Agar","authors":"Christoph Lämmler ,&nbsp;Hans Blobel","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80037-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80037-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colony-formation of 50 staphylococcal cultures was examined in fibronectin-, fibrinogen-and serum-soft-agar and compared with the respective fibronectin- and fibrinogendumping-reactions. Forty-two of the 50 cultures formed compact colonies in fibronectin-soft-agar undistinguishable from those in fibrinogen- or serum-soft-agar and gave distinct clumping-reactions with fibronectin and fibrinogen. The remaining 8 cultures (7 <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and 1 <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> ATCC 14990) grew diffusely and gave no dumping-reactions with fibronectin or fibrinogen. Thus, fibronectin could elicit compact colony-formation of the staphylococci.</p></div><div><p>Es wurde die Kolonienmorphologie von 50 Staphylokokkenstämme im Fibronectin-, Fibrinogen- und Serum-Soft-Agar untersucht und mit den entsprechenden Fibronectin- oder Fibrinogen-Verklumpungsreaktionen verglichen. Von den 50 Staphylokokkenkulturen wiesen 42 kompaktes Wachstum im Fibronectin-Medium auf, welches von dem in Fibrinogenoder Serum-Soft-Agar nicht zu unterscheiden war (Abb. 1). Alle 42 Kulturen mit kompaktem Kolonienwachstum zeigten deutliche Verklumpungsreaktionen mit Fibronectin und Fibrinogen. Die verbleibenden 8 Kulturen, davon 7 <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> und 1 <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> ATCC 14990 wuchsen in den Fibronectin- und Fibrinogenmedien diffus und verklumpten weder in Fibronectin noch in Fibrinogen. Somit könnte auch Fibronectin kompaktes Kolonienwachstum von Staphylokokken hervorrufen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80037-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92101481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neisseria meningitidis Strains Isolated in CSR from Cerebrospinal Fluid: Preepidemic Shift in Serogroup and Serotype Distribution?","authors":"Pavla Kuzemenska","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80052-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80052-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antigenic properties of <em>N. meningitidis</em> strains isolated from CSF in CSR were surveyed. Capsular antigens (serogroups) were tested from 1970, noncapsular antigens (serotypes) from 1975. Results up to the end of 1982 are presented.</p><p>In 1980 shifts were encountered in the distribution of both capsular and noncapsular antigens.</p><p><em>Serogroups</em>. Group B predominated throughout the surveillance period, but from 1980 this predominance was significantly lower. Group C was the second most frequent throughout the observed period, but its frequency rose significantly from 1980 and stayed high. Group A was the third in frequency all the time, its relative prevalence increased (but not significantly) from 1980.</p><p><em>Serotypes</em>. Serotype 2 predominated during the whole period, but its predominance rose significantly from 1980. Serotype 4 was second in frequency, but from 1980 its frequency also increased significantly. Serotypes other than 2 or 4 decreased significantly in frequency and variability from 1980, also nontypable strains decreased significantly from 1980.</p><p>Changes in the distribution of the capsular and noncapsular antigens on <em>N. meningitidis</em> strains from CSF are characteristic of epidemic situation. The present finding is all the more serious because it comes in a context of rising meningococcal meningitis morbidity and a shift in the morbidity into older age groups.</p></div><div><p>Es werden die Ergebnisse einer Erhebung über die Antigeneigenschaften von in der ČSSR aus Liquor isolierten <em>N. meningitidis</em>-Stämmen vorgelegt. Die Ergebnisse umfassen den Zeitraum von 1970 (Untersuchung der Kapselantigene [Serogruppen] bzw. 1975 (Nicht-Kapselantigene [Serotypen] bis Ende 1982.</p><p>1980 wurden Verschiebungen der Verteilung von Kapsel- und Nicht-Kapselantigenen beobachtet. Bei den <em>Serogruppen</em> war die Gruppe B während des gesamten Zeitraums vorherrschend, jedoch seit 1980 in erheblich geringerem Maße. Es folgte die Gruppe C, deren Häufigkeit ab 1980 signifikant zunahm und dann hoch blieb. Die Gruppe A stand während der gesamten Zeit an dritter Stelle, ihr relatives Vorkommen nahm ab 1980 zu, jedoch nicht signifikant.</p><p>Bei den <em>Serotypen</em> war der Typ 2 während der gesamten Zeit vorherrschend und nahm ab 1980 signifikant zu. Der an zweiter Stelle stehende Serotyp 4 nahm in seiner Häufigkeit ab 1980 ebenfalls signifikant zu. Alle anderen Serotypen nahmen ab 1980 an Häufigkeit und Variabilität ab, ebenso die nicht typisierbaren Stämme.</p><p>Die Veränderungen in der Verteilung der Kapsel- und Nicht-Kapselantigene bei <em>N. meningitidis</em>-Stämmen aus dem Liquor sind für die epidemische Situation charakteristisch. Daher ist der vorliegende Befund angesichts der steigenden Morbidität der Meningokokken-Meningitis und der Verschiebung zu den höheren Altersgruppen als um so schwerwiegender anzusehen.</p><p>The National Reference Laboratory for Meningococcal Infections in Pr","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80052-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74012481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium botulinum Subtype Ba Clostridium botulinum Subtyp Ba","authors":"Domingo F. Giménez","doi":"10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80044-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80044-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strain 657 has been described as a toxin variant of <em>Clostridium botulinum</em> type B. Neutralization tests performed with types A and B botulinal antitoxins of known potency and avidity at 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, 2,000 and 20,000 mouse LD₅₀ levels of testing, have shown that 657 toxin is a mixture of B (approximately 95 % of the complex) and A antigenic fractions. The possibility of a cross-contamination between A and B serotypes has been practically ruled out through the serologic screening of the toxins from 100 well isolated colonies taken from two colony variants of this strain. Strain 657 rabbit antitoxin possesses A and B neutralizing activities. Strain B 657 produces a hitherto undescribed complex toxin and it represents the prototype of a new <em>C. botulinum</em> serotype, subtype Ba.</p></div><div><p>Der Stamm 657 ist als eine Toxinvariante von <em>Cl. botulinum</em> Typ B beschrieben worden. Neutralisationstests mit Botulinus-Antitoxin der Typen A und B bekannter Potenz und Avidität in Stärken, die dem 20-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, 2000- und 20 000fachen der LD₅₀ für die Maus entsprachen, haben gezeigt, daß es sich beim Toxin 657 um ein Gemisch der Antigenfraktionen B (ca. 95% des Komplexes) und A handelt. Die Möglichkeit einer A-B-Kreuzkontamination wurde durch serologisches Screening der Toxine von 100 gut isolierten Kolonien der beiden Kolonievarianten dieses Stammes praktisch ausgeschlossen. Kaninchen-Antitoxin gegen Stamm 657 weist A- und B-Neutralisationsaktivität auf. Der Stamm B 657 erzeugt ein bis jetzt unbekanntes komplexes Toxin und stellt den Prototyp eines neuen <em>Cl. botulinum</em>-Serotyps, den Subtyp Ba, dar.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79282,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie = International journal of microbiology and hygiene. A, Medical microbiology, infectious...","volume":"257 1","pages":"Pages 68-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0174-3031(84)80044-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92094693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}