Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics最新文献

Probing Quantum Materials with Uniaxial Stress

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-040521-041041

Clifford W. Hicks, Fabian Jerzembeck, Hilary M.L. Noad, Mark E. Barber, Andrew P. Mackenzie

引用次数: 0

Experimental Insights into Quantum Spin Ice Physics in Dipole–Octupole Pyrochlore Magnets

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-041124-015101

Evan M. Smith, Elsa Lhotel, Sylvain Petit, Bruce D. Gaulin

{"title":"Experimental Insights into Quantum Spin Ice Physics in Dipole–Octupole Pyrochlore Magnets","authors":"Evan M. Smith, Elsa Lhotel, Sylvain Petit, Bruce D. Gaulin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-041124-015101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-041124-015101","url":null,"abstract":"We review a key subset of the experimental studies that have recently focused on cubic pyrochlore magnets whose pseudospin-1 $/$ 2 degrees of freedom have mixed dipolar and octupolar character. We discuss how this comes about and how the character of the pseudospin-1 $/$ 2 can be experimentally determined. The minimal spin Hamiltonian for such magnetic insulators is known to give rise to a rich phase diagram with both disordered U(1) quantum spin ice (QSI) states and all-in–all-out (AIAO) noncollinear ordered states, each with dipolar and octupolar character. We focus primarily on experimental studies on two such single crystal systems, the $TimesFont{J}$ = 5 $/$ 2 Ce2Zr2O7 and the $TimesFont{J}$ = 9 $/$ 2 Nd2Zr2O7. We make the case that Ce2Zr2O7 is an excellent QSI ground-state candidate material, close to the border between QSIs with dipolar and octupolar symmetry. Nd2Zr2O7 exhibits an AIAO ordered phase, featuring an order parameter consisting of dipolar and octupolar magnetic moments. It is found to reside close to a QSI phase boundary and features dynamic fragmentation in its excitation spectrum.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Fluctuations and Disorder to Scaling and Control: The Emergence of Resistance in Microbial Communities 从波动与混乱到规模与控制：微生物群落中抗药性的出现

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042924-110923

Jacob Moran, Kevin B. Wood

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning for Climate Physics and Simulations 气候物理学和模拟的机器学习

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-114758

Ching-Yao Lai, Pedram Hassanzadeh, Aditi Sheshadri, Maike Sonnewald, Raffaele Ferrari, Venkatramani Balaji

{"title":"Machine Learning for Climate Physics and Simulations","authors":"Ching-Yao Lai, Pedram Hassanzadeh, Aditi Sheshadri, Maike Sonnewald, Raffaele Ferrari, Venkatramani Balaji","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-114758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-114758","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the emerging advances and opportunities at the intersection of machine learning (ML) and climate physics, highlighting the use of ML techniques, including supervised, unsupervised, and equation discovery, to accelerate climate knowledge discoveries and simulations. We delineate two distinct yet complementary aspects: (a) ML for climate physics and (b) ML for climate simulations. Although physics-free ML-based models, such as ML-based weather forecasting, have demonstrated success when data are abundant and stationary, the physics knowledge and interpretability of ML models become crucial in the small-data/nonstationary regime to ensure generalizability. Given the absence of observations, the long-term future climate falls into the small-data regime. Therefore, ML for climate physics holds a critical role in addressing the challenges of ML for climate simulations. We emphasize the need for collaboration among climate physics, ML theory, and numerical analysis to achieve reliable ML-based models for climate applications.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activity Unmasks Chirality in Liquid-Crystalline Matter 活动揭开液晶物质手性的神秘面纱

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-032922-101439

Ananyo Maitra

引用次数: 0

High-Order Van Hove Singularities and Their Connection to Flat Bands 高阶范霍夫奇点及其与平带的联系

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042924-015000

Laura Classen, Joseph J. Betouras

引用次数: 0

Emergent Simplicities in the Living Histories of Individual Cells 单个细胞生命历程中的新兴简单性

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-032822-035238

Charles S. Wright, Kunaal Joshi, Rudro R. Biswas, Srividya Iyer-Biswas

{"title":"Emergent Simplicities in the Living Histories of Individual Cells","authors":"Charles S. Wright, Kunaal Joshi, Rudro R. Biswas, Srividya Iyer-Biswas","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-032822-035238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-032822-035238","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms maintain the status quo, holding key physiological variables constant to within an acceptable tolerance, and yet adapt with precision and plasticity to dynamic changes in externalities. What organizational principles ensure such exquisite yet robust control of systems-level “state variables” in complex systems with an extraordinary number of moving parts and fluctuating variables? Here, we focus on these issues in the specific context of intra- and intergenerational life histories of individual bacterial cells, whose biographies are precisely charted via high-precision dynamic experiments using the SChemostat technology. We highlight intra- and intergenerational scaling laws and other “emergent simplicities” revealed by these high-precision data. In turn, these facilitate a principled route to dimensional reduction of the problem and serve as essential building blocks for phenomenological and mechanistic theory. Parameter-free data-theory matches for multiple organisms validate theory frameworks and explicate the systems physics of stochastic homeostasis and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transverse Quantum Superfluids 横向量子超流体

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042924-103908

Anatoly Kuklov, Lode Pollet, Nikolay Prokof’ev, Boris Svistunov

{"title":"Transverse Quantum Superfluids","authors":"Anatoly Kuklov, Lode Pollet, Nikolay Prokof’ev, Boris Svistunov","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042924-103908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042924-103908","url":null,"abstract":"Even when ideal solids are insulating, their states with crystallographic defects may have superfluid properties. It became clear recently that edge dislocations in 4He featuring a combination of microscopic quantum roughness and superfluidity of their cores may represent a new paradigmatic class of quasi-one-dimensional superfluids. The new state of matter, termed transverse quantum fluid (TQF), is found in a variety of physical setups. The key ingredient defining the class of TQF systems is infinite compressibility, which is responsible for all other unusual properties such as the quadratic spectrum of normal modes (or even the absence of sharp quasiparticles), irrelevance of the Landau criterion, off-diagonal long-range order at T = 0, and the exponential dependence of the phase slip probability on the inverse flow velocity. From a conceptual point of view, the TQF state is a striking demonstration of the conditional character of many dogmas associated with superfluidity, including the necessity of elementary excitations, in general, and the ones obeying Landau criterion in particular.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142610312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Primer on Stochastic Partial Differential Equations with Spatially Correlated Noise 带空间相关噪声的随机偏微分方程入门

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042624-033003

Katherine A. Newhall

{"title":"A Primer on Stochastic Partial Differential Equations with Spatially Correlated Noise","authors":"Katherine A. Newhall","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042624-033003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042624-033003","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing number of microscale devices from computer memory to microelectromechanical systems, such as lab-on-a-chip biosensors and the increased ability to experimentally measure at the micro- and nanoscale, modeling systems with stochastic processes is a growing need across science. In particular, stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) naturally arise from continuum models—for example, a pillar magnet's magnetization or an elastic membrane's mechanical deflection. In this review, I seek to acquaint the reader with SPDEs from the point of view of numerically simulating their finite-difference approximations, without the rigorous mathematical details of assigning probability measures to the random field solutions. I will stress that these simulations with spatially uncorrelated noise may not converge as the grid size goes to zero in the way that one expects from deterministic convergence of numerical schemes in two or more spatial dimensions. I then present some models with spatially correlated noise that maintain sampling of the physically relevant equilibrium distribution. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the dynamics; the code is publicly available on GitHub.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaping Capillary Solids From Statics to Dynamics 从静力学到动力学塑造毛细管固体

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-084829

S.I. Tamim, J.B. Bostwick

{"title":"Shaping Capillary Solids From Statics to Dynamics","authors":"S.I. Tamim, J.B. Bostwick","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-084829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-043024-084829","url":null,"abstract":"The shape of a soft solid is largely determined by the balance between elastic and surface energies with capillarity becoming important at length scales smaller than the elastocapillary length, which approaches the millimeter scale for the softest hydrogels, leading to many new and surprising phenomena. This review is focused on describing recent experimental and theoretical progress on the deformations of soft solids due to capillarity in two-phase systems for both statics and dynamics. Relative to rigid solids, surface tension can lead to the rounding of sharp corners, wrinkling and creasing, and general morphological shape-change of the static equilibrium configuration, beyond a critical elastocapillary number. With regard to dynamics, both surface tension and viscoelasticity affect wave number selection in a number of dynamic pattern formation phenomena in soft solids, such as elastocapillary-gravity waves, Rayleigh–Taylor instability, Plateau–Rayleigh instability, Faraday waves, and drop oscillations, all of which have direct analogs with classical hydrodynamic instabilities helping to interpret the relevant physics.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142580402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0