Green Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Metal-free synthesis of diverse 2-deoxy-β-N-glycosides through regio- and stereospecific aminoselenenylation of glycals","authors":"Yimeng Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiao Tan ,&nbsp;Wenjie Yang ,&nbsp;Shao-Fei Ni ,&nbsp;Yuanwei Dai","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02716k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02716k","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>2-Deoxy-β-<em>N</em>-glycosides and their analogues are key components of natural products and pharmaceuticals. However, their stereoselective synthesis remains a significant challenge due to lack of neighboring group assistance. Herein, we present an efficient and metal-free method for synthesizing structurally diverse 2-phenylseleno-β-<em>N</em>-glycosides <em>via</em> phenyliodine bistrifluoroacetate (PIFA)-promoted regio- and stereospecific aminoselenenylation of glycals utilizing readily accessible donors and N-heterocycles. This approach features mild reaction conditions, high atom economy, easy scalability and broad substrate scope (76 examples), enabling stereospecific synthesis of 2-deoxy-β-<em>N</em>-glycosides <em>via</em> a facile deselenization. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutically relevant molecules and various downstream synthetic transformations. Experimental and computational studies suggest a radical-polar crossover pathway and reveal the underlying reasons for β-stereoselectivity. Overall, the present work provides an efficient approach for rapid access to valuable 2-deoxy-β-<em>N</em>-glycosides, and will facilitate their in-depth biological evaluations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10784-10791"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic-control difunctionalization of olefins to α-hydroxycarbonyls under catalyst-free conditions","authors":"Hong-Yu Hou ,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui-Zhen Ren ,&nbsp;Kaiyi Su ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Bin Chen ,&nbsp;Chen-Ho Tung ,&nbsp;Li-Zhu Wu","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02308d","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02308d","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Difunctionalization of olefins is effective in constructing diverse, valuable molecules. However, such a reaction always relies on catalysts to control activity and selectivity. Herein, a catalyst-free difunctionalization of olefins with sulfonyl or alkyl precursors and 1,2-dicarbonyls is reported to synthesize complex α-hydroxycarbonyls under visible light irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10550-10555"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling edge active sites by vulcanizing a bimetallic hydroxide for boosting the oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Chengyu Fu ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Long Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhao Yang ,&nbsp;Li Shi ,&nbsp;Yakun Tian ,&nbsp;Yixing Luo ,&nbsp;Qingsheng Wu ,&nbsp;Yongqing Fu ,&nbsp;Ming Wen","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02745d","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02745d","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfur-laden wastewater can serve as a valuable resource for synthesizing transition-metal sulfide (TMS) electrocatalysts to address the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting, which is a significant issue affecting environmental and energy advancements. However, TMSs suffer from intrinsic constraints, particularly a prevalence of catalytically inert basal planes that impede their efficacy. To solve this issue, herein, CoNi–S/CoNi(OH)₂ nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) were constructed employing sodium ethyl xanthate (synthesized using sulfur-containing wastewater) to partially vulcanize CoNi(OH)₂ for improving the OER performance. <em>In situ</em> formed Co₉S₈–Ni₃S₂ on CoNi(OH)₂ nanosheets provide a high density of edge active sites, compensating for the inert basal planes. Due to the bridging effects of S²⁻ and O²⁻, the electronic redistribution is conducive to forming Ni³⁺, thereby facilitating a phase transformation from CoNi–S/CoNi(OH)₂ into active S-containing CoNiOOH. Density functional theory calculations verify that incorporating S into CoNi(OH)₂ leads to rich edge catalytic sites and modulates the adsorption/desorption of oxygen-containing intermediates, significantly reducing the energy barrier of the potential-determining step during the OER process. Additionally, the stability of CoNi–S/CoNi(OH)₂ was enhanced by the strengthened M–S (M = Co, Ni) bonds <em>via</em> π donation to M^<em>n</em>+ from S²⁻ and O²⁻. All these features endow CoNi–S/CoNi(OH)₂ with a low overpotential of 295 mV at 20 mA cm⁻² with a Tafel slope of 58 mV dec⁻¹. This work presents a strategy for utilizing sulfur-containing wastewater in clean energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10723-10734"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted cyclobutanols via trifunctionalization of [1.1.1]propellane","authors":"Jiacheng Li, Yue Wang, Yijun Jin, Longyi Li, Guoxiang Bao, Xingyi Zhu and Xinpeng Jiang","doi":"10.1039/D5GC02651B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC02651B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cyclobutanols represent important structural motifs found in numerous bioactive compounds; however, efficient strategies for their synthesis remain scarce. Herein, we report an aqueous-phase trifunctionalization of [1.1.1]propellane <em>via</em> a synergistic approach combining Brønsted acid-promoted hydration-triggered ring-opening and photoredox catalysis, enabling direct access to 3,3-disubstituted cyclobutanol derivatives. Mechanistic studies indicate that Brønsted acids mediate the selective hydration of [1.1.1]propellane to generate a methylenecyclobutanol intermediate that subsequently engages in a photocatalytic radical cascade with alkyl bromides and quinoxalin-2(1<em>H</em>)-ones. <em>In situ</em> oxidation then afforded the corresponding cyclobutanone derivatives in a streamlined one-pot transformation that proceeded under mild conditions. Moreover, our protocol displayed a broad substrate scope and accommodated late-stage functionalization, underscoring its overall applicability in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":" 37","pages":" 11510-11516"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the five-membered ring structures in “soft” coke deposits on Fe–Ni catalysts: formation mechanisms and implications for biomass catalytic reforming","authors":"Wenkai Lang ,&nbsp;Jin Deng ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Zaiyu Yang ,&nbsp;Ruxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Honghong Liu ,&nbsp;Keyuan Sun ,&nbsp;Shenfu Yuan","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02932e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02932e","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coke deposits on catalysts during the reforming of biomass pyrolysis volatiles are usually the primary cause of catalyst deactivation and a major challenge for catalyst design. Unlike simple graphite carbon layers, coke deposits consist of complex macromolecular compounds, making it difficult to elucidate their structural features and formation mechanisms at the molecular level. In this work, based on the pyrolysis of wheat straw in a fixed-bed reactor followed by catalytic reforming of volatiles over Fe–Ni catalysts to produce H₂-rich syngas, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was employed to analyze fragmented molecules derived from the pyrolysis of coke deposits. The chemical structure of coke deposits containing five-membered rings was demonstrated for the first time by backward induction. Fast pyrolysis experiments demonstrated the interactions between primary volatiles and the catalyst, while fixed-bed scaled-up experiments combined with multiphase product analysis demonstrated the role of the catalyst in the formation of the coke deposits. The results showed that the catalyst support guided the adsorption of volatiles and the deposition of carbonaceous species, while metal sites promoted cyclization and polymerization reactions. Coke deposits with different chemical structures contribute differently to catalyst deactivation. Compared to “hard” coke deposits dominated by graphitic carbon, “soft” coke deposits characterized by five-membered ring structures were not the main cause of catalyst deactivation and could continue to convert tar. Model compound studies pinpointed cyclopentenone, a cellulose/hemicellulose pyrolysis derivative, as a key intermediate for the assembly of five-membered ring structures in coke deposits. The reaction pathways and mechanisms of coke formation were further elucidated by combining experimental and theoretical calculations. This study provides some insights for the structural analysis and formation mechanisms of coke deposits on catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10633-10655"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroenzymatic cascade synthesis of 2,3-diaminophenazine on HRP-ZnGa2O4 nano-biohybrids","authors":"Yuxuan Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Siqi Li ,&nbsp;Meixuan Li ,&nbsp;Shuni Li ,&nbsp;Xue Xiao ,&nbsp;Yucheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Yu Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5gc03726c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc03726c","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a novel nano-biohybrid has been developed for the efficient synthesis of 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP), a biologically significant heterocyclic compound, <em>via</em> an electroenzymatic cascade catalysis system. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was integrated with high-surface-area zinc gallate (ZnGa₂O₄) nanoflowers. The ZnGa₂O₄ component serves dual functions as an effective immobilization support for HRP and as an electrocatalyst for the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e⁻ORR) to generate hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) <em>in situ</em>. This <em>in situ</em> generated H₂O₂ directly activates the immobilized HRP, initiating the enzymatic oxidation of <em>o</em>-phenylenediamine (OPD) to DAP within the integrated nano-biohybrids. Capitalizing on nanoscale proximity, this architecture facilitates efficient channeling of H₂O₂ to the HRP active center and enables precise control over H₂O₂ yield through applied potential tuning, thereby matching enzymatic catalysis requirements. Consequently, this electroenzymatic cascade catalysis system achieves a 4.48-fold higher efficiency for DAP production compared to a conventional system relying on exogenous H₂O₂ addition, reaching 89.44% conversion of OPD in just 20 minutes. This work demonstrates the potential of coupling electrocatalysis and enzyme catalysis within integrated nano-biohybrids for developing highly efficient and controllable synthetic processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10792-10800"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycine/carbon quantum dot dual modulation cooperatively stabilizing Zn anode interfaces","authors":"Shuhua Yang ,&nbsp;Zenglong Xu ,&nbsp;Yiqun Du ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Degang Zhao ,&nbsp;Bingqiang Cao","doi":"10.1039/d5gc03101j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc03101j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous zinc-ion battery systems (AZIBs) demonstrate significant potential for grid-scale energy storage applications. Nevertheless, the limited electrochemical durability of zinc electrodes, primarily due to parasitic reactions in aqueous electrolytes and uncontrolled dendrite formation, poses substantial challenges. In this work, double-effect glycine (Gly)/carbon quantum dot (CQD) hybrid additives were explored to realize an electrochemically stable Zn anode with high reversibility. Gly can regulate Zn²⁺ solvation sheath reconstruction, whereas hydrophilic nanocrystalline CQDs improve the kinetics of Zn²⁺ plating/stripping and provide the preferential nucleation domains for epitaxial zinc electrodeposition. Due to this dual effect, Zn//Zn symmetric cells demonstrate unprecedented electrochemical robustness, sustaining stable cycling for over 2000 h (83 days) under demanding operational conditions (1 mA cm⁻², 1 mAh cm⁻²) while exhibiting remarkable rate capability. Zn//Cu asymmetric cells demonstrate an exceptional average coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.02% under standard plating conditions (1 mA cm⁻², 0.5 mAh cm⁻²).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10865-10874"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading for sustainable biofuel production: process design strategies and reaction rationales","authors":"Penghui Yan ,&nbsp;Hong Peng ,&nbsp;Hesamoddin Rabiee ,&nbsp;Lei Ge ,&nbsp;Yilun Weng ,&nbsp;Beibei Ma ,&nbsp;Juntao Wang ,&nbsp;Muxina Konarova ,&nbsp;Guangyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Eric M. Kennedy ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Zhu ,&nbsp;Michael Stockenhuber","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02199e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02199e","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass pyrolysis offers a promising route toward renewable fuels and chemicals, significantly reducing reliance on fossil-based resources. However, conventional pyrolysis produces bio-oils rich in oxygen, resulting in undesirable properties such as high acidity, poor thermal stability, corrosiveness, and excessive water content, which complicate downstream upgrading. To overcome these challenges, various upstream (<em>e.g.</em>, modified fast pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, catalytic hydropyrolysis, <em>etc</em>.) and downstream (<em>e.g.</em>, hydrodeoxygenation, catalytic cracking, esterification) strategies have been developed to efficiently remove oxygen and enhance bio-oil quality. Although substantial research has addressed these methods individually, comprehensive reviews that examine their collective impacts on bio-oil properties and catalyst performance remain limited. Furthermore, while common model compounds like guaiacol and phenol are frequently studied, real biocrudes contain complex mixtures of bulky polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), significantly accelerating catalyst deactivation, a critical yet often overlooked issue. This review critically assesses recent advances in biomass pyrolysis techniques and catalytic upgrading strategies, emphasizing the roles of bifunctional catalysts and hydrogen donors in minimizing coke formation, prolonging catalyst lifetime, and enhancing bio-oil quality. Catalytic hydropyrolysis is highlighted as an effective single-step method for generating high-quality hydrocarbons directly from biomass. Additionally, we underscore the importance of employing realistic mixed-model compounds (phenolics and PAHs) and continuous-flow reactor conditions to accurately represent industrial processes and catalyst deactivation mechanisms. Finally, key research gaps and scale-up challenges, including catalyst stability, product selectivity, hydrogen requirements, scalability, and techno-economic considerations, are identified, providing clear directions for future research. By integrating knowledge across pyrolysis and upgrading strategies, this review aims to guide the development of more efficient, economically viable, and sustainable pathways toward commercial biofuel production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10444-10477"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetically recyclable vanadium-substituted phosphotungstic acid in a deep eutectic solvent for effective wheat straw fractionation","authors":"Xirun Zhao ,&nbsp;Gaojin Lyu ,&nbsp;Chang Geun Yoo ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Jiachuan Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02476e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02476e","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A magnetically recyclable polyoxometalate (POM) catalyst-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) system was developed to effectively fractionate wheat straw, promote enzymatic saccharification of the carbohydrate fraction, and valorize the lignin fraction. With the introduction of POM to the benzyl triethylammonium chloride/lactic acid DES system, 86.70% lignin and 91.22% xylan were fractionated from wheat straw at 120 °C for 2 h, while glucan was well retained in the biomass (93.81%). Effective deconstruction of the recalcitrant cell wall structure of wheat straw made a significant enhancement in the glucan digestibility of pretreated biomass to 97.20%. POM/DES-fractionated lignin showed high purity (∼98%), low polydispersity (1.55), and well-preserved β-O-4 structure (35.80/100 Ar), beneficial for its subsequent utilization processes. Importantly, the POM/DES system was readily recycled through a simple magnetic method and exhibited excellent recycling performance in five cycles. This study presented a green DES fractionation process assisted by a readily recyclable magnetic POM catalyst for accomplishing a sustainable and integrated biomass valorization strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10889-10903"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Fe3S4/Ni3S2 heterostructure realizing highly efficient electrocatalysis of ethylene glycol and alkaline electrolyte to produce high value-added chemicals and hydrogen","authors":"Hongwei Ren ,&nbsp;Junming Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianjun Hu ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Li ,&nbsp;Haocheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Ergui Luo ,&nbsp;He Xiao ,&nbsp;Man Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingxiao Tang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Jia","doi":"10.1039/d5gc02244d","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d5gc02244d","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic water splitting is considered a green and promising strategy for hydrogen production. Replacing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a thermodynamically favorable ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) enables energy-saving hydrogen production coupled with high-value formate generation. Herein, a self-supported Fe₃S₄/Ni₃S₂ (NiFeS) heterojunction electrocatalyst was successfully synthesized through a facile one-pot solvothermal strategy. The interconnected nanosheets covered by fused flakes with uneven surfaces maximize the exposure of electroactive sites during the OER and the EGOR. Therefore, the electrode only requires a low OER overpotential of 240 mV to afford a current density of 100 mA cm⁻² in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte, and can work stably for 120 h. Furthermore, only 1.37 V <em>vs</em>. RHE was required to achieve a current density of 100 mA cm⁻² in 1.0 M KOH + 1.0 M ethylene glycol electrolyte, and the highest Faraday efficiency (92.4%) and rapid productivity (0.652 mmol cm⁻² h⁻¹) could be achieved for formate production at an applied potential of 1.50 V <em>vs</em>. RHE. The Raman spectroscopy indicated that the metal oxyhydroxides (NiOOH and FeOOH) generated by surface reconstruction and metal sulfides are the real active species of the OER and the EGOR, respectively. The coupled electrolysis system involving the HER (commercial Pt/C electrode) and the EGOR (NiFeS electrode) outputs a current density of 100 mA cm⁻² at 1.55 V, which is 140 mV lower than that of the traditional water electrolysis system. This study puts forward a rational strategy for preparing heterojunction catalysts for energy-saving H₂ and value-added formate production from alkaline media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 35","pages":"Pages 10711-10722"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}