Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

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Dietary vitamin D3 improves growth performance and hepatic glycolipid metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) 饲料中维生素D3改善大口黑鲈生长性能和肝脏糖脂代谢
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116429
Ju Zhao , Quanquan Cao , Mingyao Yan , Yonglan Ye , Caterina Faggio , Haifeng Liu , Jun Jiang
{"title":"Dietary vitamin D3 improves growth performance and hepatic glycolipid metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Ju Zhao ,&nbsp;Quanquan Cao ,&nbsp;Mingyao Yan ,&nbsp;Yonglan Ye ,&nbsp;Caterina Faggio ,&nbsp;Haifeng Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin D3 (VD<sub>3</sub>) has been recognized to improve glycolipid metabolism, whereas the mechanism behind is still unknown. Herein, largemouth bass, <em>Micropterus salmoides</em> (LMB) were fed with six diets with different concentrations of VD<sub>3</sub> for 12-weeks. The results demonstrated that VD<sub>3</sub> improved growth, feed utilization and proximate composition. In addition, VD<sub>3</sub> enhanced liver glycogen content, glycolysis-related genes, glycogen synthase kinase 3β a (GSK3β a) and insulin receptor a (INSRa) mRNA expression, suppressed plasma glucose content and gluconeogenesis-related genes expression. VD<sub>3</sub> down-regulated forkhead box O1a (FoxO1a) mRNA expression and nucleus-FoxO1 protein level and increased cytoplasm-FoxO1 protein level. VD<sub>3</sub> decreased plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) contents and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. Histological analyses revealed that VD<sub>3</sub> decreased macrovesicular steatosis of liver. VD<sub>3</sub> improved liver lipid metabolism via spursing lipolysis, transportation, and inhibiting lipogenesis. RT-PCR and western blot tests suggested that the potential mechanism may partially be attributed to the VDR/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway mediated glycolipid metabolism. According to the broken line regression analysis of PWG, the dietary VD<sub>3</sub> requirement of LMB was estimated to be 1980.86 IU/kg. This study provides theoretical support and a novel mechanism of action VD<sub>3</sub> glycolipid metabolism via VDR/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of whole wheat supplementation on gastrointestinal tract development and growth performance of two broiler strains fed diets differing in energy and nutrient density from 0 to 40 days of age 饲粮中添加全麦对0 ~ 40日龄不同能量和营养密度肉鸡胃肠道发育和生长性能的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116427
H. Kadardar, L. Aguirre, G. Talegón, R. Lázaro, G.G. Mateos, L. Cámara
{"title":"Effects of whole wheat supplementation on gastrointestinal tract development and growth performance of two broiler strains fed diets differing in energy and nutrient density from 0 to 40 days of age","authors":"H. Kadardar,&nbsp;L. Aguirre,&nbsp;G. Talegón,&nbsp;R. Lázaro,&nbsp;G.G. Mateos,&nbsp;L. Cámara","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two experiments, using the same protocol and experimental procedures, were conducted to study the effects of whole wheat (WW) supplementation to diets varying in energy and nutrient density, on gastrointestinal tract development and growth performance from hatch to 40 days of age of either Ross 308 or Cobb 500 broilers. The experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments organized as a 2 × 3 factorial with energy and nutrient density of the diet (low; LD vs. high; HD) and WW supplementation (control vs. low vs. high) as main effects. Each treatment was replicated 6 times and the experimental unit was a pen with 16 chicks. The feeding program consisted of three phases in which the HD diets contained 0.419 MJ AME<sub>n</sub>/kg and 5 % digestible lysine more than the LD diets. In addition, the LD and HD diets were supplemented with 30 g WW/kg from 0 to 14 days and either 75 or 150 g WW/kg from 15 to 40 days of age. At 40 days of age, broilers fed the HD diets were heavier and had better feed and energy conversion ratio (P <em>&lt;</em> 0.100), in both experiments, than broilers fed the LD diets. Whole wheat supplementation increased the weight and decreased the pH of the gizzard (P &lt; 0.05), but impaired BW gain and feed efficiency (P &lt; 0.01). In summary, an increase in diet density improved broiler performance of both strains from 0 to 40 days of age with opposite effects observed with WW supplementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine enhances DHA/EPA deposition in muscle together with increasing antioxidant capacity and immunity of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) 富含DHA的磷脂酰胆碱可促进肌肉中DHA/EPA沉积,提高凡纳滨对虾的抗氧化能力和免疫力。
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116425
Jinqi Xu , Yi Luo , Songming Chen , Qiang Chen , Yunping Tang , Runzhe Zhang , Jiangyang Yin , Liuyang Xiong , Jintong Zhou , Jiteng Wang , Tao Han
{"title":"DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine enhances DHA/EPA deposition in muscle together with increasing antioxidant capacity and immunity of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"Jinqi Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Luo ,&nbsp;Songming Chen ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen ,&nbsp;Yunping Tang ,&nbsp;Runzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiangyang Yin ,&nbsp;Liuyang Xiong ,&nbsp;Jintong Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiteng Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Han","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid - enriched phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC) extracted from <em>Clupea harengus</em> roes on DHA/ eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) deposition and health of Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>). Three diets containing 0 %, 1.5 % and 3.5 % DHA-PC were prepared. Shrimp with an initial weight of 1.59 ± 0.04 g were used as the experimental subjects for a 4-week feeding trial. In terms of oxidative stress indices, DHA-PC elevated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (including superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced glutathione (GSH)) and gene expression in various tissues. Simultaneously, two doses of DHA-PC both downregulated the expression of immune genes (<em>traf6</em>, <em>penaeidin</em> and <em>toll</em>) in intestine. As for lipid metabolism, DHA-PC reduced serum and hepatopancreas lipid levels (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)). Moreover, DHA-PC augmented the content of DHA and EPA in shrimp muscle. DHA-PC diminished the mRNA expression of lipid synthesis genes (<em>fas</em> and <em>srebp</em>), while upregulating the mRNA expression of fatty acid oxidation gene (<em>cpt1</em>). A total of 1773 lipid molecular species belonging to 4 categories and 44 lipid classes were identified in muscle lipidomics. Compared with the CON group, DHA-PC upregulated 136 lipid metabolites and downregulated 94 lipid metabolites, primarily focusing on PCs, phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and TGs. Moreover, DHA-PC improved the positioning of DHA and EPA in PC, PE, and TG glycerol backbone. In conclusion, DHA-PC from fish roes amalgamated the beneficial effects of DHA and PC, facilitating the deposition of DHA and EPA in muscle while enhancing the antioxidant stress resistance and immunity of shrimp. As an excellent supplement of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), it can contribute to the healthy culture of shrimp and provide a high-quality protein source for humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of dietary lipid levels on the growth, health, gut microbiota composition and lipid metabolism of juvenile Spinibarbus caldwelli 饲料脂肪水平对caldhinbarus幼鱼生长、健康、肠道菌群组成和脂质代谢的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116424
Hualan Zou , Cheng Li , Jin Xiang , Jiarong Guo , Zhigang He , Zhonggui Xie , Hong Li , Yongchao Yuan , Xiaofei Cheng
{"title":"Effects of dietary lipid levels on the growth, health, gut microbiota composition and lipid metabolism of juvenile Spinibarbus caldwelli","authors":"Hualan Zou ,&nbsp;Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Jin Xiang ,&nbsp;Jiarong Guo ,&nbsp;Zhigang He ,&nbsp;Zhonggui Xie ,&nbsp;Hong Li ,&nbsp;Yongchao Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to determine the optimal dietary lipid requirement and assess gut microbiota composition in juvenile <em>Spinibarbus caldwelli</em>. Five iso-nitrogenous diets containing graded lipid levels (L1: 2.29 %, L2: 4.54 %, L3: 6.35 %, L4: 8.07 %, L5: 10.04 %) were formulated and fed to <em>S. caldwelli</em> (initial body weight: 2.70 ± 0.01 g) for 56 days. A total of 450 fish were randomly allocated into 15 tanks (3 replicates per group, 30 fish per tank). The results revealed that: 1) Although no significant differences (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) were observed in WG, SGR, and SR, these parameters exhibited a declining trend with increasing dietary lipid levels. 2) Muscle crude protein content in the L2 group was significantly higher than that in other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), accompanied by distinct variations in lipid and moisture contents. 3) The L2 group displayed markedly elevated concentrations of SFAs and PUFAs in muscle tissue compared to other dietary treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). 4) Hepatic and intestinal enzyme activities were significantly enhanced in the L2 and L3 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with optimal performance observed at moderate lipid levels. 5) Intestinal microbiota analysis indicated that the L2 group exhibited significantly higher Shannon, Pielou E, and Simpson indices than other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the L2 group demonstrated superior hepatic antioxidant capacity, enhanced intestinal digestive and lipid metabolic enzyme activities (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and a more diverse and abundant gut microbial community. The analysis results suggested that a 4.54 % dietary lipid level is optimal for juvenile <em>S. caldwelli</em> under the experimental conditions, providing critical insights for formulating species-specific aquafeeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synergistic effects of Emblica officinalis with optimized synbiotic formulation on the growth and neonatal health of Murrah buffalo calves 优化合成制剂对穆拉水牛犊牛生长和新生儿健康的协同效应
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116423
Antony Johnson Thanippilly , Sachin Kumar , Sravani Balaga, Ashis Kumar Samanta
{"title":"Synergistic effects of Emblica officinalis with optimized synbiotic formulation on the growth and neonatal health of Murrah buffalo calves","authors":"Antony Johnson Thanippilly ,&nbsp;Sachin Kumar ,&nbsp;Sravani Balaga,&nbsp;Ashis Kumar Samanta","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was conducted to determine the synergistic effect of <em>Emblica officinalis</em> with optimized synbiotic formulation (<em>Cichorium intybus</em> and <em>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</em> BF17) on the growth, faecal microbiota, antioxidant and immunological status of <em>Murrah</em> buffalo calves. A synbiotic (comprising <em>Cichorium intybus</em> and <em>Lg. salivarius</em> BF17) and the phytobiotic powder of <em>Emblica officinalis</em> were selected for an animal experimental duration of 60 days. Twenty <em>Murrah</em> buffalo calves (5–7 days old) were assigned in a completely randomized design into four treatment groups as follows: Group I served as control (CON) supplemented with basal diet only, and Group II (SYN) was fed a synbiotic formulation comprising <em>Lg. salivarius</em> BF17 at 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/g/d/calf and <em>Cichorium intybus L.</em> (chicory) root powder at 8 g/d/calf; Group III (PHY) was provided with phytobiotic <em>Emblica officinalis</em> powder at 8 g/d/calf; and Group IV (COMB) received a combination consisting of synbiotic (<em>Lg. salivarius</em> BF17 and <em>Cichorium intybus)</em>, and phytobiotic <em>Emblica officinalis</em> powder at similar doses. Body weight (BW) was recorded weekly. Faecal score was recorded daily, whereas faecal pH and faecal microbiota were estimated fortnightly. Faecal metabolites and antioxidant status was estimated at monthly intervals. The results revealed that the COMB group performed best in terms of growth, followed by the SYN and PHY groups, whereas the CON group had the lowest performance. In contrast to those in the CON group, all the supplemented groups showed a decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in the faecal pH, faecal score, and ammonia concentration along with concurrent increases in the faecal lactate and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels and further, the beneficial effects were more pronounced in the COMB group. Faecal <em>Lactobacillus</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium</em> population were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) greater in the COMB, SYN, and PHY groups than the CON group, with a significant (P &lt; 0.05) reduction in <em>E. coli</em> counts in the COMB and PHY groups. Super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and immunological status (humoral immune response and cell mediated immune response) were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in the COMB group than the CON group. Overall, this study revealed that <em>Emblica officinalis</em> has synergistic effects with synbiotic and improves the growth and neonatal health of <em>Murrah</em> buffalo calves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary supplementation with Schizochytrium Limacinum in a plant protein-based diet on growth performance, flesh quality, myofiber development, and antioxidant profile of Litopenaeus vannamei 植物蛋白基础饲粮中添加裂唇藻对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、肉质、肌纤维发育和抗氧化特性的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116422
Xingang Li , Xinzhou Yao , Jiaqi Lu , Jiayi Li , Beiping Tan , Qihui Yang , Shuyan Chi , Shuang Zhang , Hongyu Liu , Wen Huang , Shiwei Xie
{"title":"Dietary supplementation with Schizochytrium Limacinum in a plant protein-based diet on growth performance, flesh quality, myofiber development, and antioxidant profile of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Xingang Li ,&nbsp;Xinzhou Yao ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Lu ,&nbsp;Jiayi Li ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Qihui Yang ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Huang ,&nbsp;Shiwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing <em>Schizochytrium Limacinum</em> (<em>S. Limacinum</em>) to a plant protein-based diet on growth performance, flesh quality, myofiber development, and expression of antioxidant-related genes in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> (<em>L. vannamei</em>). Shrimp (initial body weight: 0.25 ± 0.00 g) were fed three isonitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets (HF, 25 % fish meal (FM); LF, SPC and CPC replaced 60 % FM; LFD, LF diet supplemented with 0.8 % <em>S. Limacinum</em>) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and final weight of shrimp were significantly increased in the LFD group compared to the LF group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, intestinal protein synthesis-related genes (target of rapamycin, <em>tor</em>; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein, <em>4ebp</em>; eukaryotic translation initiation factor, <em>eif3k</em>; ribosome protein S6 kinae, <em>s6k1</em>; raptor) were significantly upregulated in shrimp fed the LFD diet compared to shrimp fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Muscle flesh quality (hardness, chewiness, and gumminess) of shrimp fed the LFD diet were significantly improved compared to those fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the expression of myofiber development and antioxidant-related genes (<em>smych5</em>, <em>smych15</em>, <em>sod</em>, <em>gpx</em>) were significantly higher in shrimp fed the LFD diet than those fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of 0.8 % <em>S. Limacinum</em> in a plant protein-based diet improved the growth performance of shrimp, as well as promoted the flesh quality, myofiber development and the anti-oxidative ability of shrimp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with tryptophan and leucine on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites of Holstein calves 低蛋白饲粮中添加色氨酸和亮氨酸对荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、消化率和血液代谢产物的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116421
J.Y. Lu, S.Y. Zou, H.J. Xu, C.H. Wu, Y.F. Cao, M.Y. Wang, Q.F. Li
{"title":"Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with tryptophan and leucine on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites of Holstein calves","authors":"J.Y. Lu,&nbsp;S.Y. Zou,&nbsp;H.J. Xu,&nbsp;C.H. Wu,&nbsp;Y.F. Cao,&nbsp;M.Y. Wang,&nbsp;Q.F. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116421","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-protein diet supplemented with tryptophan and leucine on growth performance and blood parameters of preweaning calves. Seventy-five Holstein male calves with similar body weight (42 ± 2.35 kg) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments. The five treatments were showed as follows: positive control (HP) group (22 % CP), negative control (LP) group (19 % CP), L group (19 % CP + 1.15 % Leu), T group (19 % CP + 0.26 % Trp) and LT group (19 % CP + 1.15 % Leu + 0.26 % Trp). The results showed that:1) The average daily gain (ADG) of calves in LP group was significantly lower than that in HP, L and LT group. And, there was no difference on ADG among HP, L and LT group. The F/G value in L group was significantly lower than othergroups, and there was no difference among other groups. 2) During the trial period from day 10 to day 34, fecal scores and diarrhea rates LP group was significantly higher than other groups.3) Serum uric acid (UA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content were increased in calves fed low protein diets. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diets significantly reduced UA and BUN content and serum restored to normal concentration(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) contents of calves fed low protein diets were reduced. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diets significantly increased TP and ALB contents and restored to normal concentration(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). 4) In blood hormone parameters, serum growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1 concentration were significantly reduced in calves fed a low-protein diet resulting in slow growth(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Supplementation of leucine and tryptophan in the low-protein diet restored normal concentration of these two hormones and promoted growth. 5) In serum antioxidation capacity and immunity function, serum super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalas (CAT), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) content were decreased in calves fed low protein diets, which easily led to decreased immunity and inflammation. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diet significantly increased serum SOD, CAT, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IgM contents (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) and alleviated the risk of inflammation. 6) The concentration of histidine (His) in LP were significantly lower than those in HP (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Compared with LP, the contents of His, leucine (Leu), threonine (Thr), total essential amino acids and tryptophan (Trp) in L and LT increased significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). SerumTtrp content in T and LT were significantly increased compared with group LP (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). In summary, compared with HP (22 % CP), LP (19 % CP) reduced the daily weight gain of calves and had a negative effect on the immunity and antioxidant capacity of calves. The supplement of leucine (1.15 %) and tryptophan (0.26 %) in low protein diet could ","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of application rate of a nitrite-hexamine containing additive on the fermentation and nutritional composition of direct-cut or wilted ruzi grass silage 含亚硝酸盐添加剂施用量对直割和萎蔫芦子草青贮发酵及营养成分的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116420
J.M. Bragatto , M.G.M. Carvalho , S.C. Buttow , P.J. Roco , N.G. Silva , U.Z. Melo , F.C.L. Oliveira , H.U. Auerbach , J.L.P. Daniel
{"title":"Effect of application rate of a nitrite-hexamine containing additive on the fermentation and nutritional composition of direct-cut or wilted ruzi grass silage","authors":"J.M. Bragatto ,&nbsp;M.G.M. Carvalho ,&nbsp;S.C. Buttow ,&nbsp;P.J. Roco ,&nbsp;N.G. Silva ,&nbsp;U.Z. Melo ,&nbsp;F.C.L. Oliveira ,&nbsp;H.U. Auerbach ,&nbsp;J.L.P. Daniel","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to verify whether the application rate of a chemical additive based on sodium nitrite (300 g/L) and hexamine (200 g/L) interacts with the dry matter (DM) content, manipulated by wilting, to change the fermentation and nutritional composition of ruzi grass silage. Treatments were a factorial combination of two forage DM levels (direct-cut and wilted up to 426 g/kg DM) and four doses of additive (0, 1, 2 and 3 L/t), with four replicates per treatment. After 60 d of regrowth, a field of ruzi grass (0.2 ha) was cut with a pull-type rotating disc mower at 10 cm above the ground. The forage from half of the harvested area was immediately collected manually (206 ± 2.4 g/kg of DM) and chopped by a stationary forage chopper (10-mm theoretical length of cut). Another half of the harvested area was wilted for 4 h till reaching 426 ± 9.2 g/kg of DM before harvesting and chopping. Each forage source was divided into 16 piles (2 kg/pile) to receive the additives (4 piles per treatment), resulting in a total of 32 piles (i.e., replicates). Afterwards, 1 kg of treated forages were ensiled in nylon-polyethylene bags (33 × 45 cm, 160 µm thick) and vacuum-sealed. After 60 d of storage, the silos were opened and silages were sampled to determine: DM loss, microbial counts, fermentation end-products, chemical composition and <em>in vitro</em> DM digestibility. There was an interaction between additive dose and DM content for several silage characteristics, including DM loss during fermentation (P &lt; 0.001). Within each DM level, the fermentation-end products associated with <em>Clostridium</em> metabolism (e.g. n-butyric acid, propionic acid, i-butyric acid, i-valeric acid, n-valeric acid, ammonia and 2,3-butanediol) reduced linearly as the additive dose increased. The DM loss of direct-cut (134, 117, 106, 85 g/kg) and wilted (77, 68, 50, 46 g/kg) silages were linearly reduced with the increasing additive application rate, whereas DM loss was lower for the wilted forage. The content of soluble carbohydrates, crude protein, rumen undegraded protein, and <em>in vitro</em> DM digestibility increased linearly as additive dose increased in each DM condition (direct-cut and wilted), indicating that the treated silages were better preserved. In conclusion, both wilting and application of additive based on sodium nitrite and hexamine were able to restrict the development of clostridia and nutrient losses during the fermentation of ruzi grass silage, whereas the dose of additive required to curtail butyric fermentation interacted with DM content. Assuming linearity of response, each 1 L/t of additive was able to replace approximately 60 g/kg of crop DM as a strategy to reduce DM loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary chromium enhances carbohydrate utilization and metabolic gene expression while alleviating cold stress in Labeo rohita fingerlings 饲粮中添加铬可提高罗氏小鲵幼鱼的碳水化合物利用和代谢基因表达,同时缓解冷应激
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116419
Shivkumar , Ashutosh D. Deo , Manish Jayant , Narottam P. Sahu , Naseemashahul Shamna , Kiran D. Rasal , Dhanalakshmi M , Amirtha Kayalvizhi A , Prashanth BR
{"title":"Dietary chromium enhances carbohydrate utilization and metabolic gene expression while alleviating cold stress in Labeo rohita fingerlings","authors":"Shivkumar ,&nbsp;Ashutosh D. Deo ,&nbsp;Manish Jayant ,&nbsp;Narottam P. Sahu ,&nbsp;Naseemashahul Shamna ,&nbsp;Kiran D. Rasal ,&nbsp;Dhanalakshmi M ,&nbsp;Amirtha Kayalvizhi A ,&nbsp;Prashanth BR","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The winter months pose challenges for the growth and survival of <em>L. rohita</em> by reducing the metabolism and feed intake. <em>L. rohita</em> naturally thrives on herbivorous diet and effectively utilizes carbohydrates to meet the energy demand, but their efficiency diminishes at low temperatures during winter seasons in culture ponds. To address this issue, chromium picolinate, an organic compound known to enhance carbohydrate utilization and thermogenesis, was incorporated into the diet and fed to <em>L. rohita</em> fingerlings reared under low water temperature (18.24 ± 0.18°C) for a 60-day feeding trial. 180 fingerlings (Average weight 10.30 ± 0.15 g) were randomly stocked into six treatment groups. The first three groups were given semi-purified diets containing 400 g carbohydrate/kg diet with varying doses (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mg/kg diet) of chromium picolinate. The next three groups received a 430 g carbohydrate/kg diet with similar doses of chromium picolinate. The result indicated that the dietary carbohydrate (430 g/kg diet) showed significantly better growth performance like weight gain (WG), weight gain percentage (WGP), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and lipid efficiency ratio (LER), with the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). Additionally, the combination of dietary carbohydrate (430 g/kg) and chromium (1.2 mg/kg) improved the growth performance and reduced FCR (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the digestive enzymes (amylase, protease, and lipase) increased significantly with the dietary carbohydrate (430 g carbohydrate/kg diet) and cumulative performance in synergetic with chromium. The dietary carbohydrate and chromium have individual effect on metabolic enzyme activities, which increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, superoxide dismutase activity in liver and gill tissues was reduced significantly under these dietary treatments. The gene expression study revealed that the dietary carbohydrate 430 g/kg diet and 1.2 mg/kg chromium picolinate significantly upregulated the expression of genes associated with energy metabolism and stress response. In conclusion, the study suggests that supplementing rohu fish diets with 1.2 mg chromium picolinate/kg diet can significantly enhance carbohydrate utilization (430 g carbohydrate/kg diet) and overall growth performance at low temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutritional strategies and feeding schedules: Their role in optimizing growth and metabolism in indigenous ornamental zebra loach (Botia striata) 营养策略和摄食计划对观赏斑泥鳅生长和代谢的影响
IF 2.5 2区 农林科学
Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116418
Guntapalli Sravani , Paramita Banerjee Sawant , Sukham Munilkumar , Gouranga Biswas , N. Shamna , Subam Debroy , Vikas Kumar Ujjania , Uppalanchi Prasanna Laxmi , Ramjanul Haque , Debajit Sarma
{"title":"Nutritional strategies and feeding schedules: Their role in optimizing growth and metabolism in indigenous ornamental zebra loach (Botia striata)","authors":"Guntapalli Sravani ,&nbsp;Paramita Banerjee Sawant ,&nbsp;Sukham Munilkumar ,&nbsp;Gouranga Biswas ,&nbsp;N. Shamna ,&nbsp;Subam Debroy ,&nbsp;Vikas Kumar Ujjania ,&nbsp;Uppalanchi Prasanna Laxmi ,&nbsp;Ramjanul Haque ,&nbsp;Debajit Sarma","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 90-day experimental study was undertaken to assess the impact of selected feeding regimes on the growth and physio-metabolic indices of zebra loach, <em>Botia striata</em> (Rao,1920). The trial involved six groups (triplicates), with diets and feeding frequencies as follows: T1 (Semi-moist formulated feed, 2 times daily), T2 (Semi-moist formulated feed, 4 times daily), T3 (frozen tubifex, 2 times daily), T4 (frozen tubifex, 4 times daily), T5 (mixed diet, 2 times daily), and T6 (mixed diet, 4 times daily). A total of 360 fish (1.64 ± 0.25 g) were stocked at 20 fish per tank. Fish fed the semi-moist formulated feed 4 times daily (T2) showed the highest percentage weight gain and lowest feed conversion ratio. Protease and lipase activities were significantly higher in T2, while antioxidant enzyme levels (catalase and SOD) were lower, indicating potential reduction in stress. Serum cortisol and glucose levels were found to be low in the treatment group fed with semi-moist diet (T2) fed at a feeding frequency of 4 times daily, thereby indicating the stress-reducing effect of the diet fed to the fish in T2 group, which presumably enhanced the immune status. Thus, the semi-moist formulated feed fed at 4 times per day enhanced the growth indices and feed utilization efficiency of <em>B. striata</em> under captive condition. This study would also help in the utilization of economically and sustainably important feed ingredients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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