富含DHA的磷脂酰胆碱可促进肌肉中DHA/EPA沉积，提高凡纳滨对虾的抗氧化能力和免疫力。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116425

Jinqi Xu , Yi Luo , Songming Chen , Qiang Chen , Yunping Tang , Runzhe Zhang , Jiangyang Yin , Liuyang Xiong , Jintong Zhou , Jiteng Wang , Tao Han

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了从海中提取富含二十二碳六烯酸的磷脂酰胆碱（DHA- pc）对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei） DHA/二十二碳五烯酸（DHA/EPA）沉积及健康的影响。配制了3种DHA-PC含量分别为0 %、1.5 %和3.5 %的饲粮。选取初始体重为1.59 ± 0.04 g的对虾为试验对象，进行为期4周的饲养试验。在氧化应激指标方面，DHA-PC提高了各组织中抗氧化酶（包括超氧化物歧化酶（SOD））、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）)活性和基因表达。同时，两种剂量的DHA-PC均下调了肠道免疫基因（traf6、penaeidin和toll）的表达。在脂质代谢方面，DHA-PC降低了血清和肝胰腺脂质水平（甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（T-CHO）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C））。此外，DHA- pc还能提高虾肌中DHA和EPA的含量。DHA-PC降低了脂质合成基因fas和srebp的mRNA表达，上调了脂肪酸氧化基因cpt1的mRNA表达。在肌肉脂质组学中，共鉴定出4类44类1773种脂质分子。与CON组相比，DHA-PC组上调136种脂质代谢物，下调94种脂质代谢物，主要集中在pc、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PEs）和TGs。此外，DHA-PC改善了DHA和EPA在PC、PE和TG甘油主链中的定位。综上所述，鱼卵DHA-PC融合了DHA和PC的有益作用，促进了DHA和EPA在肌肉中的沉积，同时增强了对虾的抗氧化应激能力和免疫力。作为n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）的优良补充剂，它有助于虾的健康培养，并为人类提供高品质的蛋白质来源。

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DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine enhances DHA/EPA deposition in muscle together with increasing antioxidant capacity and immunity of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

This study explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid - enriched phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC) extracted from Clupea harengus roes on DHA/ eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) deposition and health of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Three diets containing 0 %, 1.5 % and 3.5 % DHA-PC were prepared. Shrimp with an initial weight of 1.59 ± 0.04 g were used as the experimental subjects for a 4-week feeding trial. In terms of oxidative stress indices, DHA-PC elevated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (including superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced glutathione (GSH)) and gene expression in various tissues. Simultaneously, two doses of DHA-PC both downregulated the expression of immune genes (traf6, penaeidin and toll) in intestine. As for lipid metabolism, DHA-PC reduced serum and hepatopancreas lipid levels (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)). Moreover, DHA-PC augmented the content of DHA and EPA in shrimp muscle. DHA-PC diminished the mRNA expression of lipid synthesis genes (fas and srebp), while upregulating the mRNA expression of fatty acid oxidation gene (cpt1). A total of 1773 lipid molecular species belonging to 4 categories and 44 lipid classes were identified in muscle lipidomics. Compared with the CON group, DHA-PC upregulated 136 lipid metabolites and downregulated 94 lipid metabolites, primarily focusing on PCs, phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and TGs. Moreover, DHA-PC improved the positioning of DHA and EPA in PC, PE, and TG glycerol backbone. In conclusion, DHA-PC from fish roes amalgamated the beneficial effects of DHA and PC, facilitating the deposition of DHA and EPA in muscle while enhancing the antioxidant stress resistance and immunity of shrimp. As an excellent supplement of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), it can contribute to the healthy culture of shrimp and provide a high-quality protein source for humans.

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来源期刊

Animal Feed Science and Technology 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding. Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome. The journal covers the following areas: Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement) Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins) Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.