Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Dietary supplementation with Schizochytrium Limacinum in a plant protein-based diet on growth performance, flesh quality, myofiber development, and antioxidant profile of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Xingang Li ,&nbsp;Xinzhou Yao ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Lu ,&nbsp;Jiayi Li ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Qihui Yang ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Huang ,&nbsp;Shiwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing <em>Schizochytrium Limacinum</em> (<em>S. Limacinum</em>) to a plant protein-based diet on growth performance, flesh quality, myofiber development, and expression of antioxidant-related genes in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> (<em>L. vannamei</em>). Shrimp (initial body weight: 0.25 ± 0.00 g) were fed three isonitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets (HF, 25 % fish meal (FM); LF, SPC and CPC replaced 60 % FM; LFD, LF diet supplemented with 0.8 % <em>S. Limacinum</em>) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and final weight of shrimp were significantly increased in the LFD group compared to the LF group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, intestinal protein synthesis-related genes (target of rapamycin, <em>tor</em>; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein, <em>4ebp</em>; eukaryotic translation initiation factor, <em>eif3k</em>; ribosome protein S6 kinae, <em>s6k1</em>; raptor) were significantly upregulated in shrimp fed the LFD diet compared to shrimp fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Muscle flesh quality (hardness, chewiness, and gumminess) of shrimp fed the LFD diet were significantly improved compared to those fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the expression of myofiber development and antioxidant-related genes (<em>smych5</em>, <em>smych15</em>, <em>sod</em>, <em>gpx</em>) were significantly higher in shrimp fed the LFD diet than those fed the LF diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of 0.8 % <em>S. Limacinum</em> in a plant protein-based diet improved the growth performance of shrimp, as well as promoted the flesh quality, myofiber development and the anti-oxidative ability of shrimp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of low-protein diet supplemented with tryptophan and leucine on growth performance, digestibility, blood metabolites of Holstein calves","authors":"J.Y. Lu,&nbsp;S.Y. Zou,&nbsp;H.J. Xu,&nbsp;C.H. Wu,&nbsp;Y.F. Cao,&nbsp;M.Y. Wang,&nbsp;Q.F. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116421","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-protein diet supplemented with tryptophan and leucine on growth performance and blood parameters of preweaning calves. Seventy-five Holstein male calves with similar body weight (42 ± 2.35 kg) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments. The five treatments were showed as follows: positive control (HP) group (22 % CP), negative control (LP) group (19 % CP), L group (19 % CP + 1.15 % Leu), T group (19 % CP + 0.26 % Trp) and LT group (19 % CP + 1.15 % Leu + 0.26 % Trp). The results showed that:1) The average daily gain (ADG) of calves in LP group was significantly lower than that in HP, L and LT group. And, there was no difference on ADG among HP, L and LT group. The F/G value in L group was significantly lower than othergroups, and there was no difference among other groups. 2) During the trial period from day 10 to day 34, fecal scores and diarrhea rates LP group was significantly higher than other groups.3) Serum uric acid (UA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content were increased in calves fed low protein diets. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diets significantly reduced UA and BUN content and serum restored to normal concentration(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) contents of calves fed low protein diets were reduced. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diets significantly increased TP and ALB contents and restored to normal concentration(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). 4) In blood hormone parameters, serum growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1 concentration were significantly reduced in calves fed a low-protein diet resulting in slow growth(&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Supplementation of leucine and tryptophan in the low-protein diet restored normal concentration of these two hormones and promoted growth. 5) In serum antioxidation capacity and immunity function, serum super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalas (CAT), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) content were decreased in calves fed low protein diets, which easily led to decreased immunity and inflammation. Supplementation of tryptophan and leucine in low protein diet significantly increased serum SOD, CAT, IFN-γ, IL-2 and IgM contents (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) and alleviated the risk of inflammation. 6) The concentration of histidine (His) in LP were significantly lower than those in HP (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Compared with LP, the contents of His, leucine (Leu), threonine (Thr), total essential amino acids and tryptophan (Trp) in L and LT increased significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). SerumTtrp content in T and LT were significantly increased compared with group LP (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). In summary, compared with HP (22 % CP), LP (19 % CP) reduced the daily weight gain of calves and had a negative effect on the immunity and antioxidant capacity of calves. The supplement of leucine (1.15 %) and tryptophan (0.26 %) in low protein diet could ","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of application rate of a nitrite-hexamine containing additive on the fermentation and nutritional composition of direct-cut or wilted ruzi grass silage","authors":"J.M. Bragatto ,&nbsp;M.G.M. Carvalho ,&nbsp;S.C. Buttow ,&nbsp;P.J. Roco ,&nbsp;N.G. Silva ,&nbsp;U.Z. Melo ,&nbsp;F.C.L. Oliveira ,&nbsp;H.U. Auerbach ,&nbsp;J.L.P. Daniel","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to verify whether the application rate of a chemical additive based on sodium nitrite (300 g/L) and hexamine (200 g/L) interacts with the dry matter (DM) content, manipulated by wilting, to change the fermentation and nutritional composition of ruzi grass silage. Treatments were a factorial combination of two forage DM levels (direct-cut and wilted up to 426 g/kg DM) and four doses of additive (0, 1, 2 and 3 L/t), with four replicates per treatment. After 60 d of regrowth, a field of ruzi grass (0.2 ha) was cut with a pull-type rotating disc mower at 10 cm above the ground. The forage from half of the harvested area was immediately collected manually (206 ± 2.4 g/kg of DM) and chopped by a stationary forage chopper (10-mm theoretical length of cut). Another half of the harvested area was wilted for 4 h till reaching 426 ± 9.2 g/kg of DM before harvesting and chopping. Each forage source was divided into 16 piles (2 kg/pile) to receive the additives (4 piles per treatment), resulting in a total of 32 piles (i.e., replicates). Afterwards, 1 kg of treated forages were ensiled in nylon-polyethylene bags (33 × 45 cm, 160 µm thick) and vacuum-sealed. After 60 d of storage, the silos were opened and silages were sampled to determine: DM loss, microbial counts, fermentation end-products, chemical composition and <em>in vitro</em> DM digestibility. There was an interaction between additive dose and DM content for several silage characteristics, including DM loss during fermentation (P &lt; 0.001). Within each DM level, the fermentation-end products associated with <em>Clostridium</em> metabolism (e.g. n-butyric acid, propionic acid, i-butyric acid, i-valeric acid, n-valeric acid, ammonia and 2,3-butanediol) reduced linearly as the additive dose increased. The DM loss of direct-cut (134, 117, 106, 85 g/kg) and wilted (77, 68, 50, 46 g/kg) silages were linearly reduced with the increasing additive application rate, whereas DM loss was lower for the wilted forage. The content of soluble carbohydrates, crude protein, rumen undegraded protein, and <em>in vitro</em> DM digestibility increased linearly as additive dose increased in each DM condition (direct-cut and wilted), indicating that the treated silages were better preserved. In conclusion, both wilting and application of additive based on sodium nitrite and hexamine were able to restrict the development of clostridia and nutrient losses during the fermentation of ruzi grass silage, whereas the dose of additive required to curtail butyric fermentation interacted with DM content. Assuming linearity of response, each 1 L/t of additive was able to replace approximately 60 g/kg of crop DM as a strategy to reduce DM loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary chromium enhances carbohydrate utilization and metabolic gene expression while alleviating cold stress in Labeo rohita fingerlings","authors":"Shivkumar ,&nbsp;Ashutosh D. Deo ,&nbsp;Manish Jayant ,&nbsp;Narottam P. Sahu ,&nbsp;Naseemashahul Shamna ,&nbsp;Kiran D. Rasal ,&nbsp;Dhanalakshmi M ,&nbsp;Amirtha Kayalvizhi A ,&nbsp;Prashanth BR","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The winter months pose challenges for the growth and survival of <em>L. rohita</em> by reducing the metabolism and feed intake. <em>L. rohita</em> naturally thrives on herbivorous diet and effectively utilizes carbohydrates to meet the energy demand, but their efficiency diminishes at low temperatures during winter seasons in culture ponds. To address this issue, chromium picolinate, an organic compound known to enhance carbohydrate utilization and thermogenesis, was incorporated into the diet and fed to <em>L. rohita</em> fingerlings reared under low water temperature (18.24 ± 0.18°C) for a 60-day feeding trial. 180 fingerlings (Average weight 10.30 ± 0.15 g) were randomly stocked into six treatment groups. The first three groups were given semi-purified diets containing 400 g carbohydrate/kg diet with varying doses (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mg/kg diet) of chromium picolinate. The next three groups received a 430 g carbohydrate/kg diet with similar doses of chromium picolinate. The result indicated that the dietary carbohydrate (430 g/kg diet) showed significantly better growth performance like weight gain (WG), weight gain percentage (WGP), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and lipid efficiency ratio (LER), with the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). Additionally, the combination of dietary carbohydrate (430 g/kg) and chromium (1.2 mg/kg) improved the growth performance and reduced FCR (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the digestive enzymes (amylase, protease, and lipase) increased significantly with the dietary carbohydrate (430 g carbohydrate/kg diet) and cumulative performance in synergetic with chromium. The dietary carbohydrate and chromium have individual effect on metabolic enzyme activities, which increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, superoxide dismutase activity in liver and gill tissues was reduced significantly under these dietary treatments. The gene expression study revealed that the dietary carbohydrate 430 g/kg diet and 1.2 mg/kg chromium picolinate significantly upregulated the expression of genes associated with energy metabolism and stress response. In conclusion, the study suggests that supplementing rohu fish diets with 1.2 mg chromium picolinate/kg diet can significantly enhance carbohydrate utilization (430 g carbohydrate/kg diet) and overall growth performance at low temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional strategies and feeding schedules: Their role in optimizing growth and metabolism in indigenous ornamental zebra loach (Botia striata)","authors":"Guntapalli Sravani ,&nbsp;Paramita Banerjee Sawant ,&nbsp;Sukham Munilkumar ,&nbsp;Gouranga Biswas ,&nbsp;N. Shamna ,&nbsp;Subam Debroy ,&nbsp;Vikas Kumar Ujjania ,&nbsp;Uppalanchi Prasanna Laxmi ,&nbsp;Ramjanul Haque ,&nbsp;Debajit Sarma","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 90-day experimental study was undertaken to assess the impact of selected feeding regimes on the growth and physio-metabolic indices of zebra loach, <em>Botia striata</em> (Rao,1920). The trial involved six groups (triplicates), with diets and feeding frequencies as follows: T1 (Semi-moist formulated feed, 2 times daily), T2 (Semi-moist formulated feed, 4 times daily), T3 (frozen tubifex, 2 times daily), T4 (frozen tubifex, 4 times daily), T5 (mixed diet, 2 times daily), and T6 (mixed diet, 4 times daily). A total of 360 fish (1.64 ± 0.25 g) were stocked at 20 fish per tank. Fish fed the semi-moist formulated feed 4 times daily (T2) showed the highest percentage weight gain and lowest feed conversion ratio. Protease and lipase activities were significantly higher in T2, while antioxidant enzyme levels (catalase and SOD) were lower, indicating potential reduction in stress. Serum cortisol and glucose levels were found to be low in the treatment group fed with semi-moist diet (T2) fed at a feeding frequency of 4 times daily, thereby indicating the stress-reducing effect of the diet fed to the fish in T2 group, which presumably enhanced the immune status. Thus, the semi-moist formulated feed fed at 4 times per day enhanced the growth indices and feed utilization efficiency of <em>B. striata</em> under captive condition. This study would also help in the utilization of economically and sustainably important feed ingredients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in performance, apparent ileal digestibility and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens fed diets containing sunflower hulls with full-fat canola seed","authors":"Ramin Kasaeizadeh ,&nbsp;Somayyeh Salari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Abdollahi ,&nbsp;Farshad Baghban","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of addition of sunflower hulls (SFH) as an insoluble fiber on performance and some physiological parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing full-fat canola seed (CS) was evaluated from 11 to 42 d of age in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. A total of 240 one-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly devoted to 4 treatments, with 6 replicates each and 10 birds per replicate. Treatments were canola oil source (CS, and canola meal plus oil) and sunflower hulls levels (0 and 30 g/kg). During the 11–24 d of age (Grower period), canola oil source and SFH levels had no (P &gt; 0.05) significant interactions on performance. The 30 g/kg SFH inclusion and canola oil resulted in higher body weight gain (BWG) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to those fed without SFH and CS diets (P &lt; 0.05). During the 25–42 d of age (Finisher period), in the CS diets, the SFH inclusion reduced (P &lt; 0.05) FCR compared to the diet without SFH. Over the whole trial period, broilers receiving SFH had better (P &lt; 0.05) performance compared to those fed without SFH. Feeding diets with canola oil reduced feed intake (FI) and improved FCR when compared to CS. The inclusion of SFH resulted in a heavier relative gizzard weight than diets without SFH in the canola oil diets, whereas had no effect on this organ in CS diets, resulting in a CS × SFH level interaction (P &lt; 0.05). The inclusion of SFH increased (P &lt; 0.05) ileal organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) digestibility in the canola oil diets. In both diets, the inclusion of SFH increased (P &lt; 0.05) the numbers of the <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. in comparison with diets without SFH, but this effect was more pronounced in canola oil than CS diets. In the CS diets, feeding SFH resulted in lower (P &lt; 0.05) numbers of <em>Escherichia coli</em> in comparison with diets without SFH, while in canola oil diets, it was not influenced. Birds fed SFH showed a greater (P &lt; 0.05) duodenal villus height (VH) and jejunal VH and epithelial thickness (ET) than those fed without SFH. Overall, the current results suggest that whole CS, if supplemented with SFH, can be used in broiler diets without negative effect on the growth performance with beneficial effects on intestinal morphology. Inclusion of canola oil in broiler diets with SFH can benefit nutrient digestibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral-stomach sampling as an alternative to rumen canula for the inoculation of in vitro batch fermentation systems","authors":"Vincent Niderkorn ,&nbsp;Sandra Point ,&nbsp;Angelique Torrent ,&nbsp;Pierre Nozière ,&nbsp;Mathieu Silberberg ,&nbsp;Anne Boudon","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The standard method to collect rumen fluid (RF) serving as inoculum for <em>in vitro</em> rumen fermentation assays and using ruminally cannulated animals is less and less accepted in some countries, and oral-stomach sampling (OSS) could be an alternative that needs to be validated. The objective of this study was to compare the <em>in vitro</em> rumen fermentation parameters of a large set of substrates with contrasted fermentation profiles using inocula obtained by OSS and from different sampling sites in the rumen of cannulated dairy cows. Rumen fermentation assays were conducted using twelve different substrates (six forages and six total mixed rations) and three types of inoculum consisting in fresh RF sampled in the reticulum (RF_ret), sampled both in the reticulum and the ventral sac (RF_mix) and using OSS (RF_tub) during three feeding periods creating variability in RF composition (control and acidogenic diets). There was a strong effect of substrate on all the parameters (P &lt; 0.001) and a limited effect of the type of RF on the overall fermentability of substrates, particularly between RF_mix (standard method) and RF_tub that had similar values for dry matter (DM) and fiber degradabilities, gas production (including proportion of methane (CH₄) in the gas produced), total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia (NH₃). Above all, we did not detect any interaction between the substrate and the type of RF, highlighting the possibility to measure confidently relative differences among substrates or treatments. Overall, our results showed that fresh OSS can be a relevant alternative to the fresh RF sampling using cannulated animals. To keep OSS as a research tool on the long term, efforts should be continued to improve the standardization and the refinement of the OSS method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal levels of methionine and the impact of water leaching in juvenile Penaeus vannamei diets","authors":"Felipe N. Façanha ,&nbsp;Karthik Masagounder ,&nbsp;Alberto J.P. Nunes","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal levels of dietary methionine (Met) for juvenile Pacific whiteleg shrimp, <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>, while evaluating the effects of amino acid (AA) leaching. Six practical diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic, with total Met levels ranging from 0.51 % to 1.37 % in 0.14–0.21 % increments, and total sulfur AA (Met + Cysteine) levels from 0.88 % to 1.75 % on a dry matter basis (DM). The total nitrogen content was balanced across all diets by replacing Met with a non-essential AA mixture. Each diet was randomly assigned to seven replicate groups of 15 juvenile shrimp with an initial body weight (BW) of 0.80 ± 0.05 g. Shrimp were fed six times daily until apparent satiation. The effects of varying dietary Met levels on survival, growth performance, feed utilization, and muscle tissue composition were evaluated, with Met leaching rates measured at 30 minutes in full-strength seawater. Results showed consistently high survival rates across all treatments, while final shrimp BW significantly increased with higher Met levels, particularly between diets containing 0.82 % and 0.99 % Met. Met leaching rates positively correlated with synthetic Met supplementation, significantly increasing as total dietary Met concentration rose. Muscle tissue composition analysis highlighted Met's crucial role in protein synthesis and physiological function, revealing significant differences in crude protein and essential AA deposition among dietary treatments. Higher dietary Met promoted optimal protein and AA muscle content up to 0.82 %, after which a saturation effect was observed. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of accounting for nutrient leaching when determining optimal AA levels for juvenile <em>P. vannamei</em>. Quadratic regression analysis indicated that an optimal dietary Met level of approximately 1.04 % in the dry diet (2.73 % of dietary protein) was most effective under these experimental conditions. Considering Met leaching rates to more accurately estimate the amount of Met available to shrimp after feed exposure to water, it was established that an optimal level of 0.74 % Met in the dry diet (2.20 % of dietary protein) after 30 minutes of immersion in water optimally supports growth and feed efficiency. This finding refines the actual optimal dietary Met level for juvenile <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>, establishing a new benchmark for future nutritional research in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding laying hens with insect meal affects the production traits and some quality parameters of table eggs","authors":"Károly Dublecz ,&nbsp;Henrik Baranyay ,&nbsp;Nikoletta Such ,&nbsp;Fabian Weinlaender ,&nbsp;Julian Kern ,&nbsp;Kesete Goitom Tewelde ,&nbsp;László Pál ,&nbsp;Brigitta Kiss ,&nbsp;László Wágner ,&nbsp;Tivadar Csiszér","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A feeding trial was carried out with Tetra SL laying hens to evaluate the effects of an insect larvae meal on the production traits and egg quality parameters. <em>Alphitobius diaperinus</em> larvae meal (ADM) was incorporated at 10 % (ADM10) and 15 % (ADM15) into layer diets on the expense of soybean meal and the production traits and egg quality parameters, have been evaluated. Among the production traits only egg weight was affected by dietary treatments. Both ADM diets decreased egg weight in comparison with the control diet. Besides egg weight, none of the other egg quality parameters were affected. ADM failed to modify the fat content of egg yolk but resulted significant changes in the fatty acid composition of the yolk fat. Feeding ADM increased the lauric, stearic and linoleic acid and decreased the oleic and α-linolenic acid concentrations of the yolk. The results of the electronic nose proved that ADM resulted in specific volatile compound structure, that can be used for the identification of the insect meal eggs. Among the identified compounds ADM reduced the intensity of dimethyl sulphide, ethyl acetate and acetaldehyde in comparison with the control eggs. The tasting and organoleptic evaluation of boiled eggs by the volunteers resulted higher quality scores and acceptance of the ADM eggs. From the results it can be concluded that insect meals can be used efficiently even at high incorporation rates in layer diets. The reason for the egg weight reduction, however, needs further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing sustainable production efficiency in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through feed restriction strategies under conditions of industrial production","authors":"Rosendo L. Azcuy ,&nbsp;Matías E. Casaretto ,&nbsp;Adrián J. Hernández ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Márquez ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Moyano ,&nbsp;Gabriel A. Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of different lengths of feed restriction pulses on compensatory growth, nutrient utilization, body compositions and organ indices of rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) during a five-week assay. Four feeding regimes were implemented: continuous feeding near-satiation, cycles of two days per week of fasting, one week feed restriction at maintenance level and re-feeding, and one week feed deprivation and re-feeding. These regimes were applied to triplicate groups of 2000 fish with an initial average weight and length of 66.4 ± 0.4 g and 17.2 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. Fish were allocated among 12 production-scale cages (80 m³) submerged in water at 15.2 ± 1.5 ºC. One week restriction or deprivation affected body condition factor, visceral index, lipid reserves and lipid energy/protein energy ratio without altering body protein levels. However, these values were restored to the levels of continuously fed fish after three weeks of refeeding, indicating partial compensatory responses in both restricted fish groups. Fish subjected to fasting cycles of two days per week exhibited not differences from continuously fed fish in growth parameters and whole-body composition, indicating a full compensatory response. Additionally, cycles of two days per week of fasting demonstrated lower weekly feed consumption (74.8 ± 1.5 vs. 87.9 ± 2.1 g fish⁻¹), improved overall feed conversion ratio (1.00 ± 0.03 vs. 1.08 ± 0.03) and higher protein retention efficiency (30.5 ± 0.6 vs. 27.6 ± 0.6 %) than continuous feeding near-satiation. This resulted in reduced nitrogen discharge per tonne of fish produced in cages to the aquatic environment (45,5 ± 1.2 vs. 51.1 ± 0.8 kg t⁻¹). These results suggest that compensatory growth response not only enhances feed conversion efficiency but also leads to higher nitrogen retention efficiency and a reduced nitrogen discharge into the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}