Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Feeding a high-density pellet improves the size homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)","authors":"Ana Beatriz de S. Farias ,&nbsp;Armando G. Prestes ,&nbsp;Francisco de M. Dantas ,&nbsp;César A. Oishi ,&nbsp;Yugo M. Pastrana ,&nbsp;Fernando Y. Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Thaís B. Carvalho ,&nbsp;Ligia U. Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of bulk feed density on feeding behavior, aggressiveness, growth performance, and homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). It consisted of three experiments. The first experiment assessed the extrusion process and physical characteristics of diets with different extrusion settings, resulting in high-density pellets (HDP), medium-density pellets (MDP), and low-density pellets (LDP). The second experiment evaluated the growth performance and homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (23.3 ± 1.7 g, 11.4 ± 0.3 cm) fed these diets. A total of 225 fish were distributed across 15 tanks (500 L, 15 fish/tank) and fed four times daily for nine weeks. The third experiment observed behavioral interactions, including feeding and aggression, by monitoring fish for 360 minutes over three days. Results showed that pellet physical characteristics were significantly influenced by extrusion settings, except for water solubility and absorption. In experiment two, the feed density (HDP, MDP, or LDP) did not affect weight gain, but the coefficient of variation values indicated that fish fed HDP were more homogeneous, with a coefficient of variation of 5.76 %. In experiment three, fish fed MDP exhibited more aggressiveness and social instability. In conclusion, tambaqui fed HDP showed a more stable social hierarchy, less aggression, and smaller size variation, suggesting that HDP may lead to more homogeneous batches during the grow-out stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing hemp components as feed for cattle through in-vitro true digestibility, in-situ, and cannabinoid determinations","authors":"A. Lopez,&nbsp;E.P. Fukuda,&nbsp;G. Fruge,&nbsp;H. Boyer,&nbsp;N. Wagner,&nbsp;M.L. Drewery","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent legislation allowed hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L<em>.</em>) to be cultivated as an agricultural commodity in the United States. Preliminary investigations indicate that hemp has potential to be utilized as feed for domestic ruminants; however, an in-depth analysis of the suitability of different components of the hemp plant as feed has not been conducted. Additionally, the market for hemp waste as a byproduct of production has not yet been identified. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient content, <em>in-vitro</em> true digestibility (IVTD)<em>, in-situ</em> rumen degradability, and cannabinoid concentrations of various hemp plant components (i.e., stalk, flower, leaves, and whole plant). Our findings indicate that IVTD was highest for hemp leaves (925 g/kg dry matter) and <em>in-situ</em> organic matter (OM) degradability was similar across plant components (<em>P</em> = 0.70). Hemp leaves had the largest <em>in-situ</em> potentially soluble OM fraction as compared to other plant components (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.01) whereas flower had the largest immediately soluble OM fraction (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.01). Tetrahydrocannabidiol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) concentrations were highest for flower (5575 µg/g THC; 114,325 µg/g CBD), then whole plant (2745 µg/g THC; 63,175 µg/g CBD), leaves (1410 µg/g THC; 34,750 µg/g CBD) and stalk (THC n/d; 590 µg/g CBD). These data suggest that hemp flower and leaves are degraded to the greatest extent by rumen microbes, but hemp stalk and whole plant had the lowest cannabinoid concentrations and are less likely to transfer residues to edible tissues in livestock consuming hemp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial micro diets and weaning strategies influence immunity-related gene expression in bluefin bream (Sparidentax hasta)","authors":"I.S. Azad,&nbsp;S. El-Dakour,&nbsp;A.A. Al-Zalzalah","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Use of microdiet (MD) in hatchery operations is becoming popular in the background of factors such as high dependence on live food, variabilities in their quality in terms of nutritive values, suitability, particle size variation, and probabilities of carrying and transferring pathogens. Arabian sobaity bream (<em>Sparidentax hasta</em>) fry was weaned using four commercial microdiets (MDs), designated at MDA, MDB, MDC and MDD, to evaluate their efficacy in sustaining survival and growth which formed the basis for selecting the best microdiet (MDA) and for evaluating weaning schedules. This part of the study focuses on the immune gene expression vis-à-vis MDs and weaning schedules. Weaning with MDA was consistently better in enhancing the expression of innate immunity genes. The highest relative expression was in MDA-weaned larvae (10 %) for the antiviral Mx gene. Gradual weaning schedules with MDA was the best when weaned from 14 dph. Early weaning (from 8 and 10 dph) produced significantly lower survival and reduced relative immune gene expression than that of the delayed weaning (12 and 14 dph). Abrupt weaning with any of the MDs significantly reduced survival rates and resulted in the down regulation of most of the genes. Lysozyme (LYS) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly downregulated when weaned early or abruptly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addition of phytase to a high plant protein-low phosphorus diet increases growth and nutrient absorption and alleviates intestinal damage in bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus)","authors":"Fashun Su ,&nbsp;Yuezhen Huang ,&nbsp;Hongyong Hu ,&nbsp;Ling Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Song ,&nbsp;Kangle Lu ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding phytase to a high plant protein diet on growth performance, digestion, absorption and intestinal health in bullfrogs (<em>Lithobates catesbeianus</em>). Six experimental diets were prepared with normal phosphorus (NP), low phosphorus-high plant protein (LP0), and then 750, 1500, 2250 and 3000 phytase units (FTU)/kg phytase were added to the LP0 diet, named LP750, LP1500, LP2250 and LP3000, respectively. Bullfrogs (33.21 ± 0.12 g) were fed each of the six diets for 56 days. Bullfrogs fed the LP2250 and LP3000 diets showed higher weight gain rate than bullfrogs fed the LP0 diet. Bullfrogs fed the LP1500, LP2250 and LP3000 diets showed higher lysozyme activity and lower diamine oxidase activity in the serum than bullfrogs fed the LP0 diet. Apparent digestibility of P in bullfrogs fed the LP2250 and LP3000 diets was higher than that of bullfrogs fed the LP0, LP750, and LP1500 diets, with no significant difference from bullfrogs fed the NP diet. Protein efficiency ratio of bullfrogs fed the LP1500, LP2250, and LP3000 diets was higher, and trypsin activity of bullfrogs fed the LP2250 and LP3000 diets was higher than that of bullfrogs fed the LP0 diet. Compared to the LP0 group, the expression of <em>interleukin-1β</em> and <em>tumour necrosis factor α</em> genes was significantly decreased, and the expression of <em>interleukin-10</em>, <em>occludin</em> and <em>zonula occludens-1</em> genes was significantly increased in bullfrogs fed the LP750, LP1500, LP2250 and LP3000 diets. Compared to bullfrogs fed the LP and NP diets, bullfrogs fed the LP3000 diet had an increased abundance of beneficial bacteria <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Bacillus</em> in the intestine. In summary, the addition of 2250–3000 FTU/kg phytase to a high plant protein diet improved growth and nutrient absorption, and alleviated intestinal inflammation and damage in bullfrogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annatto concentrate reduces oxidative stress in ewes during metabolic challenge stages","authors":"Leticia Jalloul Guimarães ,&nbsp;Isabella Guartieri da Silva ,&nbsp;Gabriella Capitane Sena ,&nbsp;Gabriel Lourenço ,&nbsp;Isabella Pereira Azoia ,&nbsp;Sandra Maria Simonelli ,&nbsp;Fabiola Cristine De Almeida Rego ,&nbsp;Débora Cristina Damasceno ,&nbsp;Marilice Zundt","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of annatto concentrate (ANC) supplementation on oxidative stress markers in ewes during critical reproductive phases: prepartum, postpartum, and weaning. Thirty Dorper crossbred ewes were divided into three groups (n = 10): Control (0 % ANC), 0.5 % ANC, and 1 % ANC. Blood samples were collected at three stages: last third of gestation (100 days), postpartum, and weaning, and analyzed for TAC, MDA, reduced thiols (-SH), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and the enzymatic activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Results indicated that the 1 % ANC dose significantly reduced H₂O₂ and MDA levels during prepartum period (P &lt; 0.05), while the 0.5 % dose enhanced catalase activity during postpartum (P &lt; 0.01). At weaning, the 0.5 % ANC dose also improved oxidative status by increasing SOD and GPx activity (P &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that ANC supplementation improves oxidative balance in ewes during metabolically demanding periods, offering a natural strategy to enhance animal health and welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro production of spotted sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) fish silage supplemented with different levels of hydrolyzed corn starch or sugar cane molasses using five different species of lactic acid bacteria","authors":"Rosmarie Guedes de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Márcia Regina Russo ,&nbsp;Gustavo Graciano Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish processing generates a substantial amount of waste, leading to environmental concerns and economic losses. This study focuses on the valorization of co-products (mechanically separated meat (MSM) and protein concentrate (PC)) from spotted sorubim (<em>Pseudoplatystoma corruscans</em>) processing to produce biological silage. Substrates were supplemented with hydrolyzed corn starch (HCS) or sugarcane molasses (SCM) and inoculated with <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em>, <em>Oneococcus</em> oeni, <em>Lactobacillus sakei</em>, <em>Weissela viridensis</em> or <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> NRRL B-23431. Fermentations were conducted at 30°C for 4 days. Microbial counts (lactic acid bacteria, mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and molds), and proximate composition of the silages were analyzed. <em>P. acidilactici</em> exhibited robust growth in treatments containing 20 % and 10 % SCM across both MSM- and PC-based media, suggesting that HCS was not an effective growth inducer. On the other hand, <em>L. sakei</em> exhibited limited growth in all substrates. Moisture contents ranged from 78.50 % to 86.70 % and protein content from 26 % to 68 %. Lipid decreased during fermentation. The rapid metabolic activity at short fermentation times was very important to add value to these products, making the silages suitable for animal feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low levels of condensed tannins enhance lactation performance in dairy cows","authors":"Francisco P. Rennó ,&nbsp;Caio S. Takiya ,&nbsp;Beatriz M. Ceron ,&nbsp;Guilherme Poletti ,&nbsp;Ana Caroline S. Vitor ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. da Silva ,&nbsp;Nathália T.S. Grigoletto ,&nbsp;Guilherme G. da Silva ,&nbsp;Natália M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Danielle D. Brutti ,&nbsp;Vitória M. da Silva ,&nbsp;Greicy S. Maysonnave","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was conducted to determine the effects of relatively low doses of supplemental condensed tannins (CT) on nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility, feed particle sorting index, ruminal fermentation parameters, milk yield and composition, serum concentrations of glucose and urea-N, nitrogen use, and urinary purine derivatives excretion in dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows (171 ± 26 days in milk, 33.8 ± 1.16 kg/d milk yield), of which 4 were ruminally cannulated, were blocked according to the presence of cannulas, parity number, milk yield, and days in milk. Cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design, with cows within blocks randomly allocated to a sequence of treatments, which included the following: control (CON), or a feed additive with CT (73.5 g/kg minimum guarantee of CT) supplemented at 0.06, 0.12, and 0.18 % diet DM (CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). The feed additive was mixed into the concentrate. Experimental periods consisted of 21 d, with the last 7 days designated for sampling and data collection. Differences among treatments were evaluated using linear and quadratic contrasts. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be quadratically affected by CT doses (27.6, 27.0, 26.3, and 27.0 kg/d, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). Feed sorting index or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients were not affected by treatments. Ruminal pH and concentrations of NH₃-N and total volatile fatty acids were not influenced by treatments. Milk yield (32.7, 32.8, 32.8, and 33.6 kg/d, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively), fat-corrected milk yield (FCM), and yields of fat and protein linearly increased with CT. Milk urea nitrogen concentration tended to be quadratically affected with CT doses. Feed efficiency (FCM/DMI) exhibited a quadratic response according to CT dose (1.24, 1.27, 1.33, and 1.26 kg/kg, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). Serum concentrations of glucose and urea-N were similar across groups. CT tended to linearly increase the efficiency of consumed N converted into milk N. Urinary purine derivatives excretion was not affected by treatments. Relatively low dietary doses of CT (up to 0.18 % diet DM) linearly increased FCM yield, without affecting the apparent total-tract digestibility of DM, ruminal fermentation parameters, or markers of microbial protein synthesis. Lower doses of supplemental CT than traditionally used can improve milk fat yield of lactating cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of wilting duration and microbial inoculation on fermentation profile, chemical composition, aerobic stability and in situ nutrient degradability of ryegrass silage","authors":"F.X. Amaro ,&nbsp;K.G. Arriola ,&nbsp;L. Mu ,&nbsp;S. Farooq ,&nbsp;C. NinoDeGuzman ,&nbsp;C. Romeiro ,&nbsp;L.O. Lima ,&nbsp;H. Sultana ,&nbsp;A.O. Oyebade ,&nbsp;M. Wallau ,&nbsp;D. Vyas","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to evaluate the effects of wilting duration (WD), microbial inoculant (MI) and their interaction on fermentation parameters, chemical composition, and aerobic stability of annual ryegrass (<em>Lolium multiflorum</em> L.) silages ensiled at 30 and 90 d. Study design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement of treatments where block was the field plots, main plot was WD (Short vs. Long), and subplot was MI (Control vs. Inoculated). Silages were evaluated at either 30 or 90 d of ensiling. Harvested forage was allowed to wilt for 48 and 72 h, for Short and Long WD, to target 30, and 40 % DM, respectively. Wilted forage was chopped and treated with either MI (1.5 × 10⁵ colony forming units of <em>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</em> LB1819 and <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> O224/g of wet forage, SiloSolve® FC) or the same amount of distilled water. Forages (∼ 3.5–4.1 kg) were ensiled in vacuum bags for either 30 or 90 d. Silage samples were analyzed for microbial counts, fermentation parameters, and aerobic stability. For in situ ruminal degradability assay, dried silage samples were incubated in two ruminally-cannulated cows at several incubation timepoints (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h) for estimation of ruminal degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber (DM, CP, and NDF, respectively). Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS for main effects of DM, MI, and their interaction. Long WD increased forage and silage DM, and the concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) at 0 and 30 d, while decreasing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, lactate, and total organic acids concentrations of silages. In addition, Long WD slightly increased predicted milk yield probably because of greater WSC concentration. Microbial inoculant addition improved DM recovery and aerobic stability of ryegrass silages, while increasing LAB counts and acetate concentration. In conclusion, MI can be used as a strategy to improve fermentation characteristics of ryegrass silages, while WD can affect chemical characteristics that may increase predicted milk yield of dairy cows when using NASEM formulation software.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of dietary fermented yeast products (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, health and microbiome of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the influence of discharge water in the production of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa)","authors":"Uthpala M. Padeniya ,&nbsp;D. Allen Davis ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Wells ,&nbsp;Courtney E. Harrison ,&nbsp;Benjamin R. LaFrentz ,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Beck ,&nbsp;Luke A. Roy ,&nbsp;Mark Farmer ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Bruce","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaponics systems are based upon the conversion of fish waste into plant substrates; thus, feed input is a critical component to managing water quality and optimizing performance. The current study assessed the effects of fermented yeast products (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>) on Nile tilapia (38.63 ± 2.01 g) and romaine lettuce growth, health and microbiome by combining a biofloc system with a deep-water hydroponic setup. Three distinct diets, each consisting of three replicates, were fed to the fish: a basal diet with 32 % crude protein and 8 % lipid, a diet having 2 % DVAQUA® inclusion, and a diet containing 0.1 % NutriTek®. No discernible growth differences across treatments were observed in the fish and plant growth trials. Foliar tissue examination showed that NutriTek-treated romaine lettuce plants had noticeably greater magnesium levels than the basal diet treated plants (<em>P</em> = 0.031). Following challenge with <em>Flavobacterium oreochromis</em>, fish fed DVAQUA and NutriTek exhibited greater survival than those fed the basal diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. No differences in serum lysozyme activity were found, but immune-related markers in the spleen and kidney tissues displayed differences pre- and post-challenge. When bacterial communities were analyzed, differences were found in alpha diversity indices in both fish fecal samples (Shannon diversity index- <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, Chao – <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 and observed species <em>P</em> = 0.001) and root samples (Shannon diversity index- <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, Chao – <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 and observed species <em>P</em> = 0.005) between treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The most abundant phylum presented in fecal samples was Fusobacteria, whereas Cyanobacteria was the most abundant for root samples. In conclusion, feeding fermented yeast products as dietary supplements improved resistance to disease in Nile tilapia and influenced the bacterial composition in both the fecal and root microbiome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial replacement of concentrate in the lactating ewe’s diet with silages of agro-industrial by-products – Effect on milk composition and fatty acid profile, serum metabolites and growth of suckling lambs","authors":"Eliana Jerónimo ,&nbsp;Liliana Cachucho ,&nbsp;Helder Alves ,&nbsp;Olinda Guerreiro ,&nbsp;Kátia Paulos ,&nbsp;Cláudia Costa ,&nbsp;João Costa ,&nbsp;Sandra Gomes ,&nbsp;Nuno Alvarenga ,&nbsp;Susana P. Alves ,&nbsp;Rui J.B. Bessa ,&nbsp;José Santos-Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa P. Dentinho","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of concentrate feed with mixed ingredient silages (MIS) produced with agro-industrial by-products in the diets of lactating ewes on the body weight of ewes, growth performance of suckling lambs, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of milk, and serum metabolites of the ewe. After lambing, 54 lactating ewes and their lambs were distributed to one of the following experimental diets (18 ewes/diet): C – concentrate diet; SPBG – concentrate and silage containing 200 g/kg sweet potato, 500 g/kg brewers grains and 300 g/kg alfalfa hay; and AHBG – concentrate and silage containing 200 g/kg almond hulls, 600 g/kg brewers grains and 200 g/kg alfalfa hay. Hay was provided <em>ad libitum</em> in all diets. In both silage diets (SPBG and AHBG) the concentrate and silage constitute 33.3 and 66.6 % DM of the diet, respectively. Every day, the ewes received the same amount of the diet, which was completely consumed. Lambs were weighed at birth and weekly during the 8 weeks of trial. In the last 4 weeks of the trial, individual milk samples were collected weekly and then pooled per each ewe for chemical analysis. At the end of the trial, a blood sample was collected from the ewes to analyse serum metabolites. SPBG and AHBG silage showed pH values of 4.00 and 4.29, respectively. Total N as NH₃-N and as soluble-N varied from 3.23 to 5.23 and from 348 to 354 g/kg total N, respectively. The animals well accepted the silages. Partial replacement of concentrate with silage of agro-industrial by-products in lactating ewe diets did not affect the growth performance of suckling lambs and the composition of milk. Both silage dietary treatments changed the milk FA composition, reducing the short-chain FA (6:0–14:0), branched-chain FA, and 18:1 <em>trans</em>-10, and increasing the saturated FA 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, 23:0 and 24:0 and 18:1 <em>trans</em>-11. Regarding serum metabolites, silage diets increased the urea concentration and decreased the β-hydroxybutyrate concentration. Results showed that ensiling is a good approach to preserving sweet potato, almond hulls, and brewers grains, producing a good quality feed that can be introduced to diets of lactating ewes without compromising animal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}