Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Supplementation of lysophospholipids in calf starter: Effects on growth performance, blood metabolites, health, and ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration","authors":"H. Baraz ,&nbsp;H. Jahani-Azizabadi ,&nbsp;O. Azizi","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of a commercial mixture of Lysophospholipids (LPL) in calf starter on performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes concentration, and health status of pre-weaning dairy calves. Forty-eight newborn female Holstein calves (37.5 ± 2.9 kg of body weight) were randomly assigned to four treatments (12 replicates), which included the control (CON, without additive) and a commercial blend of LPL at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/kg of starter feed. The body weight of the calves was measured using a digital scale on days 15, 30, 45, and d 63 of the experimental period to calculate the average daily gain (ADG). The individual starter intake and fecal score were measured daily. Blood samples were collected at 30 and 63 days, while fecal samples were collected for four consecutive days after weaning to measure nutrient digestibility. The treatments did not significantly afffect the total dry matter and starter intake. However, the supplementation of LPL resulted in an increase in the ADG and improved feed efficiency (FE, from1–63 d) compared to the CON group. The addition of LPL did not have any significant impact on the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), and organic matter (OM). Eether extract (EE) digestibility tended to increase with the addition of LPL. Calves that received starter feed containing 0.5 g/kg of LPL had higher superoxide dismutase activity at 30 d of age compared to the intake.CON group. Additionally, the average fecal score significantly decreased in calves fed 0.5 and 1.5 g/kg LPL compared with the CON group. These findings suggest that the inclusion of LPL at an average dose of 1 g/kg of calf starter can improve the performance of pre-weaning Holstein dairy calves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to 'Low sanitary housing conditions increase protein fermentation in piglets but do not aggravate the effects of protein fermentation on intestinal health' [Animal Feed Sci. Technol. 301 (2023) 115669]","authors":"L. Noorman ,&nbsp;M.S. Gilbert ,&nbsp;B. van der Hee ,&nbsp;S. de Vries ,&nbsp;W.J.J. Gerrits","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) modulates growth, digestive enzymes, histopathology, and vulnerability of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus to Aeromonas hydrophila infection","authors":"Mohamed N. Monier ,&nbsp;Youssif Shehata Grana ,&nbsp;Asem A. Amer ,&nbsp;Haytham A. Abd El-Ghaffar ,&nbsp;Asmaa S. Abd El-Naby ,&nbsp;Eslam Elmorshedy ,&nbsp;Hend El-Saftawy ,&nbsp;Taghrid M.N. Abdelhakim ,&nbsp;Mahmoud S. Gewaily ,&nbsp;Wafaa G. El-Nagar","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a vital function in several biological processes, and fish cannot synthesize it to meet their requirement. So, 56-day research was conducted to examine the influence of vitamin E (vit-E) (α-tocopherol acetate) on the Nile tilapia's growth, digestive enzymes, hematology, histology, and susceptibility to <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. A total of 450 mono-sex Acclimated Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) were haphazardly dispersed into 30 aquaria, each with a capacity of 100 liters (15 fish/aquarium) to exemplify five groups with six replicates. A control diet (30 % protein) was enriched with 0.0 (E₀), 150 (E₁₅₀), 300 (E₃₀₀), 600 (E₆₀₀), and 1200 (E₁₂₀₀) mg/kg feed. Fish (13.5 ± 0.12 g) were given the trial diets until obvious satiation thrice daily for 56 days. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, digestive enzymes, hematology, and histology for the mid-intestine were examined. Subsequently, twenty fish from each treatment were challenged to contagion with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> bacteria, and fish mortality was recorded for a further 14 days. At the end of the bacterial challenge, histology for the mid-intestine, liver, and spleen tissues was examined. Growth performance, feed utilization, and digestive enzyme secretion (proteases, lipase, and α-amylase) were substantially (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.5) improved with raising vit-E levels in fish feeds up to E1200. Increasing the vit-E doses improved fish gut histomorphology by increasing the count and size of intestinal folds bordered by well-arranged enterocytes. The body composition was not influenced by dietary vitamin E, except lipid content, which increased substantially as vitamin E levels increased. Fish fed with vita-E enriched diets had higher resistance to <em>A. hydrophila</em> infection; however, the control group exhibited the greatest fish mortality rate (80 %), while the lowest rate was observed at E₁₂₀₀ (30 %). Hepatic and spleen tissues in the control group (E₀) showed severe congestion and degeneration, whereas vit-E-treated fish groups progressively recovered normal histomorphology depending on the vit-E doses. Finally, this research recommends feeding Nile tilapia on vit-E, particularly 1200 mg/kg feed, to enhance its performance, welfare status, and resistance to <em>A. hydrophila</em> contagion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and nutrient digestibility and effect of increasing the dietary inclusion of hull-less oats replacing wheat grain on growth performance of weanling pigs","authors":"Lingjun Zhu,&nbsp;Li Fang Wang,&nbsp;Sonja Bialobzyski,&nbsp;Ruurd T. Zijlstra,&nbsp;Eduardo Beltranena","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To compare energy and nutrient digestibility, 3 diets including 95 % AC Gehl hull-less oats, CDC Utmost VB wheat or nitrogen-free were fed to 8 ileal cannulated pigs (30.2 ± 2.2 kg) over 3 periods (Exp. 1). To evaluate effects on growth performance, 160 weaned pigs (7.7 ± 0.4 kg) were fed 4 nursery diets over 28 days (Exp. 2). AC Gehl hull-less oats replaced CDC Utmost VB wheat at 0/3, 1/3, 2/3, and 3/3. Hull-less oats contained less fibre, more fat, Lys, Arg, Leu, Val but less Glu and Pro than wheat. In Exp. 1, feeding hull-less oats resulted in greater (P &lt; 0.05) coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) and coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, digestible energy and predicted net energy value than wheat. Although CAID and coefficient of standardised ileal digestibility (CSID) of crude protein and most amino acids (AA) were lower (P &lt; 0.05) for pigs fed hull-less oats, CAID of Lys and most SID AA content were greater than wheat (P &lt; 0.05). In Exp. 2, feeding hull-less oats replacing wheat did not affect weekly pen average daily feed disappearance, average daily weight gain or body weight; however, overall gain-to-feed ratio decreased (P = 0.001) linearly (0.01 g/g per each 1/3 replacement). In conclusion, feeding AC Gehl hull-less oats resulted in lower CAID (except Lys) and CSID of AA, but greater SID AA content thus can fully replace CDC Utmost VB wheat grain in weanling pig diets without affecting most production parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of energy level and presentation form of concentrate in intensive dairy calves fattening system: Impact on growth performance and feeding behavior of Holstein and Montbeliarde breeds","authors":"Hossein Rajaei-Sharifabadi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Reza Seradj ,&nbsp;Jesus Mora ,&nbsp;Sandra Costa-Roure ,&nbsp;Joaquim Balcells ,&nbsp;Gabriel de la Fuente ,&nbsp;Daniel Villalba","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two fattening trials were conducted to investigate the impact of concentrate energy levels and presentation form on the growth performance and feeding behavior of two dairy breed calves under an intensive fattening system. In the first trial, 86 Holstein bull calves were used, while the second trial involved 86 Montbeliarde bull calves. Different concentrate types with varying energy levels (low, medium, high) and forms (pellet, mash) were examined over a fattening period of 150 days growing and 60 days finishing. The Montbeliarde calves exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the Holstein calves throughout the fattening period (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). During the growing phase, no significant effect of the energy level was observed in Montbeliarde calves, while the Holstein calves on the medium level of energy showed greater ADG than low energy groups (<em>P</em> = 0.046). In the finishing phase, Holstein calves showed no significant response to energy levels, while Montbeliarde calves tended to demonstrate improved ADG and FCR with medium and high energy concentrates compared to the low energy. Feeding behavior in Holstein calves were slightly affected by the energy level, except for feeding rate. In contrast, significant differences in feeding behavior were observed among the experimental groups for Montbeliarde calves, particularly on days 14 and 84 of the trial (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Compared to the mash form, pelleting improved ADG (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) in Holstein calves during the finishing phase. In Montbeliarde calves, pelleting enhanced ADG (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and FCR (<em>P</em> = 0.033) during the growing phase, but negatively affected these parameters in the finishing phase. The results indicated distinct growth performances and breed-specific responses to concentrate energy levels and presentation forms in Holstein and Montbeliarde calves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of rumen-protected fat on rumen fermentation products, meat characteristics, cattle performance, and milk quality: A meta-analysis","authors":"Hajrian Rizqi Albarki ,&nbsp;Raihani Indah Kusuma ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sulaiman Daulai ,&nbsp;Chanon Suntara ,&nbsp;Chuleemas Boonthai Iwai ,&nbsp;Anuraga Jayanegara ,&nbsp;Anusorn Cherdthong","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to investigate the influence of rumen-protected fat (RPF) on fermentation products, meat quality, cattle performance, and milk quality by conducting a meta-analysis. Database development was started with data selection using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Through the Scopus platform, a total of 30 journal articles were obtained that investigated RPF in cattle. The data was then collected in one database, and the data procedure was tabulated. The study data were divided into unprotected fat (control group) and protected fat (experiment group). The data were then analyzed using a random effects model in OpenMEE software. The use of RPF significantly enhanced (p&lt;0.05) several cattle performances, such as neutral detergent fiber digestibility, neutral detergent fiber intake, and carcass weight. The use of RPF also significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) rumen fermentation products such as isobutyrate level but significantly increased (p&lt;0.05) isovalerate level, ammonia, acetate-propionate ratio, and acetate level. In meat characteristic parameters, RPF significantly increased (p&lt;0.05) meat lightness, yellowness, and dressing percentage. However, RPF significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) the yellowness meat value. In addition, RPF has the effect of significantly reducing (p&lt;0.05) milk protein, but significantly increasing (p&lt;0.05) milk yield. Through this study, it was concluded that RPF can improve several parameters of growth performance, rumen fermentation products, meat characteristics, and milk quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal behaviour and dietary preference of dairy cows grazing binary and diverse pastures under the leaf regrowth stage defoliation criterion","authors":"Bia A. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Ignacio F. López ,&nbsp;Lydia M. Cranston ,&nbsp;Cesar H.E.C. Poli ,&nbsp;Peter D. Kemp ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Donaghy ,&nbsp;Ina Draganova ,&nbsp;Nicolas López-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In New Zealand, intensively managed pasture-based dairy systems rely on binary pastures mostly comprised of <em>Lolium perenne</em> L. and <em>Trifolium repens</em> L.. More frequent and extreme climatic events have been negatively affecting the persistency and production of these pastures, which now present increased seasonality, with marked peaks and troughs of production throughout the year. Diversification of plant species offers a solution to deal with increased seasonality. However, little is known about animal behaviour and dietary preferences of dairy cows grazing diverse pastures. The present study aimed to assess the grazing preferences of dairy cows when unrestrictedly offered binary (<em>L. perenne and T. repens</em>; Bi) and diverse pastures (<em>L. perenne, Bromus valdivianus</em> Phil.<em>, Dactylis glomerata</em> L. and <em>T. repens</em>; Mix) subjected to three different leaf regrowth stage (LS) defoliation criteria. Secondarily, the study aimed to determine the main plant-related drivers for any potential animal preference. The treatments were MixLp (defoliated at <em>L. perenne</em> LS), BiLp (defoliated every time MixLp was defoliated), MixBv (defoliated at <em>B. valdivianus</em> LS) and BiBv (defoliated every time MixBv was defoliated), MixDg (defoliated at <em>D. glomerata</em> LS) and BiDg (defoliated every time MixDg was defoliated). Dairy cattle were evaluated over five agricultural seasons. The response variables were grazing time and location, bite rate, animal behavioural activity, pre-grazing herbage mass, undisturbed sward height, lamina:stem ratio, crude protein, metabolisable energy, organic matter digestibility, non-structural carbohydrates, neutral detergent fibre and lignin. Where significant differences were found, binary pastures presented lower sward height and higher non-structural carbohydrate content in comparison to the diverse pastures under the same LS defoliation criteria. However, no significant differences were found in the percentage of time that cows spent grazing both pastures. Season was the greatest contributor to the proportion variation found in all response variables, with values ranging from 47.55 % up to 88.77 %. In winter and spring, cows modulated their grazing behaviour (proportional time spent grazing, ruminating, or idling), investing more time actively grazing pastures under <em>L. perenne</em> LS interval of defoliation (2.5–3.0 LS), the criterion which resulted in shorter grazing rotations. This study allowed us to understand the suitability of diverse pastures from an animal perspective, and highlighted that independent of the pasture type, the positive productive and nutritional effects of defoliation management based on the LS may also extend themselves to positive outcomes in animal preference, interpreted as the percentage of time dairy cows spend grazing rather than ruminating or idling across and within seasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yam (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) polysaccharide affects growth performance, immunity, and intestinal microbial community in Bulatmai barbel (LucioBarbus capito)","authors":"Liang Luo ,&nbsp;Xianwei Meng ,&nbsp;Shihui Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kun Guo ,&nbsp;Gaochao Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polysaccharides from yam (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) can be used as immunopotentiators in aquaculture; however, the protective mechanism of adding them to feed for Bulatmai barbel (<em>LucioBarbus capito</em>) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding yam polysaccharide (YP) to feed for 8 weeks on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, gene expression, and intestinal flora of the Bulatmai barbel. The experimental groups were fed a diet including 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.4 %, and 0.8 % YP, whereas the diet of the control group contained no added YP, with three replicates per group. The results showed that the addition of YP significantly increased the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the Bulatmai barbel, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The growth effect of the 0.4 % YP (279.77 ± 17.43 g) experimental group was significantly better than that of the other experimental groups, and the feed coefficient (49.35 ± 4.67 g) was significantly lower than that of the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The addition of YP significantly improved immune activity and antioxidant capacity of the liver; <em>HSP70</em> expression decreased and <em>AKP</em> and <em>SOD</em> expression levels significantly increased in the 0.40 % YP group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria increased for <em>Fusobacteriota</em> and <em>Firmicutes</em> but decreased in <em>Proteobacteria</em> in the experimental groups compared with the control group. At the genus level, <em>Cetobacterium</em> was the dominant bacterium. With an increase in YP concentration, the relative abundance of <em>Cetobacterium</em> increased, whereas that of <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Phreatobacter</em> decreased. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 0.4 % YP significantly improved growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gene expression; and regulated intestinal microbial diversity and floral structure in the Bulatmai barbel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary protein requirement in genetically selected magur (Clarias magur) broodstock: Expression of reproduction related genes","authors":"G.M. Chandan ,&nbsp;Dhalongsiah Reang ,&nbsp;Shrinivas Jahageerdar ,&nbsp;Narottam Prasad Sahu ,&nbsp;Manish Jayant ,&nbsp;Parimal Sardar ,&nbsp;P. Arya ,&nbsp;Mohd Ashraf Malik ,&nbsp;N. Shamna","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To optimize the dietary crude protein (CP) levels on the reproductive performance of genetically selected magur (<em>Clarius magur</em>), a 90-day feeding trial was conducted. One hundred and fifty brooders, ranging from 95.33 to 96.16 g, in a 1:1 male-to-female ratio, to fifteen 1000 L tanks, with each treatment replicated thrice were distributed following a completely randomized design. Five semi-purified diets with differing protein levels (25 %, P25; 30 %, P30; 35 %, P35; 40 %, P40; and 45 %, P45) were prepared for the trial. The results displayed that fish fed diets comprising 35 % and 40 % dietary crude protein (CP) exhibited higher specific growth rate (SGR), respectively. Similarly, these groups had higher weight gain percent (WG%) with reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR), respectively in comparison to other groups. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) of females significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) up to 40 % protein levels and then decreased, while males exhibited reduced values only in the P45 group. Both male and female hepatosomatic index (HSI) increased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) with increasing dietary CP levels. Dietary CP level increment resulted in decreased visceral fat index in females but had no effect on males. Absolute and relative fecundity significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increased up to 40 % dietary protein level. Estradiol levels in females increased with rising protein levels up to 40 %, but decreased at the 45 % level. Conversely, 17-α,20-β di-hydroxy progesterone (DHP) increased significantly in females from 35 % to 45 % protein level, while males exhibited the highest levels at 30 % and 35 % protein levels. In males, mRNA expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) was lowest, whereas luteinising hormone receptor (LHR) and 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β HSD) expression increased in the P30 and P35 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Females showed significantly increased mRNA expression of LHR and CYP19a1 (Cytochrome p450 aromatase) in P35 and P40 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Regarding reproductive performance metrics such as fertilization rate (%), hatching rate (%), and larval survival (%), the P35 and P40 groups exhibited significantly higher values (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Second-order polynomial regression and broken line analysis revealed the optimum dietary CP for magur broodstock based on GSI was 36.79 %, while based on reproductive performance, it ranged between 36.1 % and 36.14 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of extrusion conditions on system parameters and physical properties of insect-based fish feed","authors":"Sophie Laurent ,&nbsp;Floran Laville ,&nbsp;Vanessa Jury ,&nbsp;Francine Fayolle","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to FAO, aquaculture is a growing sector all over the word that should follow a 30 % increase in the coming years. It is therefore necessary to diversify the fish feed used in order to meet the increasing demand. Insect meal is one of the solution proposed as insect breeding is increasing as well. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the incorporation of insect meal in extruded fish feed. Impact of formulation (level of incorporation and water content) as well as operating parameters (temperature, screw velocity and feed flowrate) have been studied using an experimental design plan coupled with statistical analysis. The response factors are the most important physical characteristics needed for fish feed, namely, floatability, expansion ratio, density… Results show that moisture content and insect ration are the most impacting parameters on floatability and density, whereas flowrate and temperature impact mainly expansion. Optimisation of the operating parameter is done using the desirability, a function of Statgraphics software that enables the simultaneous optimization of all operating parameters. Results show that insect inclusion increases the total desirability, with an optimal content of 50 %, which was the targeted insect meal replacement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 116142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}