Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of cactus cladodes as a replacement for berseem clover: Effect on nutrient intake, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile in the diets of dairy goats","authors":"Ibrahim M. Khattab ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz M. El-Hais ,&nbsp;Nehal M. El-Hendawy ,&nbsp;E.A. El- Bltagy ,&nbsp;Amira A. Allam ,&nbsp;Ayman A. Hassan ,&nbsp;Safaa E.S. Atia","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inclusion of alternative fodder in livestock diets can improve the production and quality of products, particularly milk. This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of replacing berseem clover (BC) (<em>Trifolium alexandrinum</em> L.) with cactus cladodes (CC) (<em>Opuntia ficus-indica</em>) at inclusion levels of 0, 150, and 300 g/ kg on a dry matter (DM) basis in the diets of dairy goats on nutrient intake, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and milk yield, composition, and fatty acid profile. Twenty-one pregnant Damascus goats (56.6 ± 0.55 kg of body weight (BW)), were randomly allocated into three experimental groups 30 days before their expected kidding date and continued for 90 days after parturition during the lactation period. Results indicated that as the proportion of CC in the diet increased, there was a linear increase (P &lt; 0.01) in non-fiber carbohydrates intake, whereas the intakes of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.05). Ruminal levels of total volatile fatty acids increased linearly (P = 0.004), along with acetate (P = 0.022) and butyrate (P = 0.002), whereas ruminal pH (P = 0.048) and ammonia-N concentration (P = 0.001) decreased linearly with a higher proportion of CC. Additionally, there was a linear increase in triglyceride (P = 0.050) and cholesterol (P = 0.025), while blood urea levels decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) and quadratically (P = 0.015) with a higher proportion of CC. The yields of milk (P = 0.016), fat-corrected milk (P = 0.005), fat (P = 0.012), protein (P = 0.030), lactose (P = 0.011), total solids (P = 0.042), and milk fat concentration (P = 0.014) all increased linearly with higher proportions of CC. Furthermore, final BW (P = 0.026) and average daily gain (P = 0.037) of kids increased linearly with a higher proportion of CC. The concentrations of fatty acids in milk, including C6:0 (P = 0.037), C14:0 (P = 0.003), C14:1n-5 (P = 0.001), C16:1n-7 (P = 0.010), C18:1n-9c (P = 0.046), C18:3n-3 (P = 0.001), and C20:5n-3 (P = 0.013), increased linearly with higher CC levels. In contrast, concentration of C18:0 (P = 0.010), C20:4n-6 (P = 0.044), total content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (P = 0.012), SFA/MUFA ratio (P = 0.021), and n-6/n-3 ratio (P = 0.009) decreased linearly, while the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (P = 0.038), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (P = 0.013), and n-3 (P = 0.001) increased linearly in milk as the levels of CC increased. It can be concluded that the use of CC forage as an alternative to BC forage, enhanced rumen fermentation, and improved the productive performance of lactating dairy goats. Moreover, it enhanced the quality of the milk produced, especially its content of PUFAs and omega-3 fatty acids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pick-up height during merging and microbial inoculation on the fermentation profile of alfalfa silage at different storage lengths","authors":"E. Cole Diepersloot,&nbsp;Karissa A. Juckem,&nbsp;Matheus R. Pupo,&nbsp;Luiz F. Ferraretto","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experiment evaluated the effects of pick-up height during merging and microbial inoculation on fermentation profile of alfalfa silage at different storage lengths. This experiment was a randomized complete block design with a 2 (pick-up height during merging) × 3 (microbial inoculation) × 4 (storage length) factorial arrangement of treatments. Forage from four different blocks (locations) was merged into windrows at a pick-up height of 0 cm (<strong>LO</strong>) or 6 cm (<strong>HI</strong>). Then, forage was inoculated with one of two microbial inoculants or control: (1) 150,000 CFU/g of fresh forage of <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> DSM26571, <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> NCIMB30117, and <em>Enterococcus lactis</em> DSM22502 (<strong>LPEL</strong>; SiloSolve® MC, Novonesis, Lingby, Denmark), (2) 150,000 CFU/g of fresh forage of <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> DSM22501 and <em>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</em> DSM11037 (<strong>LB</strong>; SiloSolve® FC, Novonesis, Lingby, Denmark), or (3) distilled water (<strong>CON</strong>). Forage was randomly assigned to 7, 14, 28, or 90 d of storage. Data were analyzed using fixed effects of pick-up height during merging, microbial inoculation, and storage length, while block was a random effect. Three-way interactions were observed for pH, lactic acid, and acetic acid. Alfalfa silage pH was lower for LPEL but was greater for HI silage. Lactic acid concentration was greater in LO silage and LPEL treatments, while acetic acid concentration was lower in LPEL and also greater for LO treatments. An interaction between microbial inoculation and storage length was observed for DM losses, which were lower for LPEL by 90 d of storage. Using a homofermentative microbial inoculant improved alfalfa silage fermentation and reduced storage losses, while pick-up height had little effect on fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the inclusion of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein instead of fishmeal protein in diets for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Growth performance, digestive enzymes, health status, and tissues investigations","authors":"Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab ,&nbsp;Riad H. Khalil ,&nbsp;Talal A.M. Abo Selema ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelsalam ,&nbsp;Taghrid M.N. Abdelhakim ,&nbsp;Eman A. Sabry ,&nbsp;Haytham A. Abd El-Ghaffar ,&nbsp;Adel H. Saad","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>Clostridium autoethanogenum</em>-derived protein (CAP) is a microbial protein generated during ethanol fermentation of agricultural byproducts. The present investigation evaluated the use of CAP as a sustainable alternative to reduce fishmeal (FM) dependency in aqua-feeds. A 70-day feeding trial was done to examine the impacts of partially replacing FM protein by CAP at 0 % (control, CAP0), 10 % (CAP10), 20 % (CAP20), 30 % (CAP30), and 50 % (CAP50) inclusion levels in diets for European seabass (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) juvenile (initial weight 10.5 ± 1.5 g). Results obtained demonstrated that dietary CAP incorporation up to 50 % FM replacement did not significantly (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) impact the growth performance, feed efficiency, or survival rates. Similarly, the expression levels of growth-related genes (<em>IGF-1</em> and <em>GH</em>) remained unchanged across treatments. The intestinal digestive enzymes activities, including lipase, alpha-amylase, and proteases, as well as the haematological parameters remained unaffected by the dietary CAP inclusion levels. Histological assessment revealed normal tissue architecture in the intestine, liver, and spleen of fish fed on CAP-containing diets. That indicats no adverse effects of CAP on organs’ structure. A simple economic analysis showed reduced feed costs with increasing CAP inclusion, where production costs per ton of fish gain decreases by 19.3 % at 50 % FM replacement compared to the control diet. These findings establish that CAP is a viable and cost-effective protein source capable of replacing up to 50 % FM protein in practical diets for <em>D. labrax</em> juveniles without compromising their growth, health status, or organs’ structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary methionine and choline mediate mobilisation of plasma lipids to improve feed efficiency for the diets of giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)","authors":"Grace Butler,&nbsp;Caroline Lourdes Candebat,&nbsp;Simon Kumar Das,&nbsp;Leo Nankervis","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Giant grouper (<em>Epinephelus lanceolatus</em>) has become an increasingly popular candidate for aquaculture due to its high growth rates, disease resistance, and high production value. Despite these positive attributes its potential as an aquaculture species is limited by extensive knowledge gaps in its specific nutrient requirements needed for appropriate feed formulation. Methionine, an essential nutrient in feed ingredients, plays an important role in fish nutrition. Its complex metabolism suggests that its requirement may be influenced by other nutrients, such as the vitamin-like compound choline. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between dietary methionine and choline in regulating plasma lipid mobilisation, and how this affects feed efficiency in juvenile giant grouper. Two series of diets were tested: one with a constant methionine and varying choline levels, and another with a fixed choline (2.71 mg/g) and increasing levels of methionine. Both methionine and choline affected FCR, which appears to have been mediated by the utilisation of energy substrates, with shifts in circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides (TAG). These results appear to be related to energy derived from improved mobilisation of lipids to growing tissue, resulting in improved feed efficiency with increasing dietary methionine and choline. From this investigation, it is recommended that juvenile <em>E. lanceolatus</em> diets are supplemented with both dietary methionine and choline no less than 12.7 mg/g and 4.3 mg/g, respectively. Given that these results demonstrate that choline and methionine levels alter lipid mobilisation, they raise the potential to capture the growth and efficiency effects of higher lipid levels than previously found optimal for this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of dietary phytase and protease on the zootechnical, antioxidant, and immune indices of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings fed on low-phosphorus diets","authors":"Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab ,&nbsp;Benjamin U. Akpoilih ,&nbsp;Desire O. Ikpoku ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Adeshina","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary phytase and/or protease in low-P diets (8.6 g/kg) on the growth, gut morphometry and welfare status of African catfish, <em>Clarias gariepinus</em>. Six experimental diets (40 % crude protein; 17 kJ/g gross energy) were formulated in a 3 × 2 factorial design containing three phytase (Ph) levels (0, 500, and 1000 FTU/g) and two protease (Pr) levels (0 and 0.5 g/kg feed) expressed by Ph0Pr0 (T1), Ph500Pr0 (T2), Ph1000Pr0 (T3), Ph0Pr0.5(T4), Ph500Pr0.5 (T5), and Ph1000Pr0.5(T6). Fish (mean initial weight 7.0 ± 0.3 g; n = 20 fish per tank) were fed on the experimental diets three times daily for 56 days. Significant interactive effects of treatments were found for growth performance, where the fish fed on the Ph1000Pr0.5 (T6) diet produced highest growth indices compared to other treatments. These results evoked that the inclusion of protease to phytase-containing diets increased intestinal proteases and lipase activities, resulting in a significant increase in the fish growth in the Ph1000Pr0.5 (T6) compared with other groups. Additionally, feeding the fish on the Ph1000Pr0.5 (T6) diet had greater intestinal villi width, greater absorption area, and greater muscularis thickness compared to the control fish fed on the Ph0Pr0 (T1) diet. Significant interaction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) was observed for intestinal villi height, propria width, and goblet cell number and the Ph1000Pr0.5 fed fish exhibited the best intestinal morphometry values compared to the Ph0Pr0 (T1) fish group. Dietary phytase and protease; particularly at T6 group, had significant effects on blood parameters. Lower levels of serum superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, lysozyme, and respiratory burst activity were observed in the Ph0Pr0 (T1) fish, while those parameters were significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) improved by dietary phytase and protease; especially in the Ph1000Pr0.5 (T6) treatment, with no interaction between phytase and protease (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). It is worth noting that the P content and P retention in the fish body were significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) influenced by dietary phytase and by phytase-protease interaction, but not by dietary protease. Regardless of the dietary protease, fish body P content and P retention increased with increasing dietary phytase levels, and their highest values were found in T3 and T6 (Ph1000Pr0 and Ph1000Pr0.5, respectively). This study showed that the inclusion of phytase and protease to diets of African catfish, <em>C. gariepinus</em> (particularly Ph1000Pr0.5) improved their performance, increased the secretion of digestive enzymes, and stimulated the antioxidant and immune responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing fecal output estimation in lactating cows: Effects of marker selection, diet, and methodological factors","authors":"Filipe Zanferari ,&nbsp;Thiago Henrique A. Vendramini ,&nbsp;Carlos E.C. Consentini ,&nbsp;Mariana F. Rentas ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Gardinal ,&nbsp;Gustavo D. Calomeni ,&nbsp;Luciana N. Rennó ,&nbsp;Caio S. Takiya ,&nbsp;Alanne T. Nunes ,&nbsp;Francisco P. Rennó","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy, precision, and robustness of fecal output estimates using different external markers (Cr₂O₃ and TiO₂) and internal markers [indigestible dry matter (iDM), neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), and acid detergent fiber (iADF)]. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (144 ± 39 DIM, 34.3 ± 5.10 kg/d milk yield, and 592 ± 57 kg BW) with ruminal cannulas were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 23-d periods. The diets followed a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: whole raw soybean inclusion (WRS; 0 and 140 g/kg diet DM) and chitosan supplementation (CHI; 0 and 4 g/kg DM). Total fecal collection was performed during 24, 48, or 72 h. External markers were administered daily (15 g/d) in the rumen. Internal marker content was determined after 288-h of incubation in polyester bags with 12 and 25 µm porosity, F57 bags with 25 µm porosity, and non-woven fabric bags with heterogeneous porosity. Cr₂O₃ provided accurate and precise estimates; however, its recovery increased with increasing dietary ether extract. TiO₂ exhibited incomplete recovery, regardless of the length of sampling period, resulting in low accuracy and precision. Internal marker recovery depended on the chitosan inclusion and bag type. Without chitosan, iNDF in polyester bags (12 or 25 µm) achieved complete recovery, producing the most accurate, precise, and robust estimates. The lack of accuracy and precision of TiO₂ and some internal markers (iDM and iADF) affect apparent total-tract digestibility estimates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, intestinal histology and glucose metabolism in abalone Haliotis discus hannai affected by different starches in practical diets","authors":"Wenhao Fan ,&nbsp;Heng Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wu ,&nbsp;Hongyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinxin Li ,&nbsp;Wanyou Zhou ,&nbsp;Kangsen Mai ,&nbsp;Wenbing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study was conducted to explore the effects of different sources of dietary starch on the growth performance, gut health and glucose metabolism of abalone <em>Haliotis discus hannai</em>. Four experimental diets formulated with wheat starch, sweet potato starch, pea starch and corn starch, respectively, were fed to abalones (initial weight 4.56 ± 0.05 g) for 90 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) of abalone in the pea starch group was the significantly highest (192.51 %) one, while the WGR in the wheat starch group was the lowest (174.36 %) one among all the four groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The intestinal α-amylase activity was higher in the corn starch and pea starch groups. The intestinal lipase activity was highest in the corn starch group, followed by the wheat starch group, and lowest in the sweet potato starch group. In terms of intestinal morphology, the intestinal villus width, height and perimeter ratio had the highest values in the pea starch group. In terms of glucose metabolism, both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis were at lower levels in the pea starch group, while glycogen synthesis was at a higher level. In conclusion, among the wheat starch, sweet potato starch, pea starch and corn starch, considering the growth, digestion and glucose metabolism, pea starch is recommended as a better dietary starch source for abalone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the growth, antioxidant, immunity response, and intestinal microbiota in Bulatmai barbel (Luciobarbus capito)","authors":"Liang Luo ,&nbsp;Xianwei Meng ,&nbsp;Shihui Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kun Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chinese herbal polysaccharides has the functions of enhancing immunity, anti-oxidation, regulating intestinal flora, which was widely used in animals, but rarely used in fish. This study investigated the influence of dietary <em>Lycium barbarum</em> polysaccharide (LBP) on growth performance, digestive performance, immune performance, gene expression, and intestinal flora in Bulatmai barbel. The control cohort received a basal diet, whereas the treatment cohorts consumed identical basal diets comprising 0.10 %, 0.20 %, and 0.40 % LBP for 8 weeks. The findings indicated that compared with the control cohort, 0.10 % LBP notably enhanced the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), while diminishing the feed coefficient (FCR). Overall, 0.10 % LBP markedly improved digestive performance and elevated trypsin, lipase, and amylase functional levels. Additionally, 0.10 % LBP markedly increased the antioxidant activity in Bulatmai barbel. LBP upregulates the mRNA expression of Heat shock proteins (<em>HSP70</em>), Alkaline phosphatase (<em>AKP</em>)<em>,</em> and Superoxide dismutase (<em>SOD</em>). Of note, 0.10 % LBP can increase the diversity and richness of intestinal flora. Furthermore, LBP enhanced the proportional presence of fusobacteria while reducing proteobacteria levels. At the genus level, it elevated the proportional presence of <em>Cetobacterium</em>. Therefore, this study has shown that 0.10 % LBP positively regulated growth performance, digestive performance, immune performance, gene expression, and intestinal flora in Bulatmai barbel. LBP is a feed additive with excellent potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of allicin on growth performance, slaughter performance, antioxidant, immune parameters and economic benefits of black goats","authors":"Chao Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Wu ,&nbsp;Linchao Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Yong Han ,&nbsp;Chaozhi Su ,&nbsp;Yong Long","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to reveal the effects of allicin on growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical parameters, and economic benefits of Guizhou black goats. 32 Guizhou black male goats with a mean initial body weight of 18.28 ± 0.41 kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 experimental replicates in each group (n = 8). The control group was fed a basal diet without allicin, while the other three treatment groups were supplemented with low (0.5 g/head/day), medium (0.75 g/head/day), and high (1 g/head/day) amounts of allicin in the basal diet. The findings indicated that the medium allicin group improved (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI), final body weight (FBW), hot carcass weight (HCW), dressing percentage (DP), girth rib tissue thickness (GR value), and the weight of liver, spleen, and kidney in Guizhou black goats compared to the control group. Moreover, the average daily gain (ADG) in all allicin-supplemented groups was higher (<em>P</em> = 0.006) than that in the control group, whereas the feed conversion ratio was lower (<em>P</em> = 0.020). In the medium allicin group, serum levels of glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) were lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) than those in the control group. Conversely, levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) than those in the control group. Notably, in all allicin-supplemented groups, immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were improved (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to the control group, whereas tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) levels were reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Finally, compared to the control group, allicin supplementation reduced (<em>P</em> = 0.041) feed weight gain cost (FWGC). Additionally, the medium allicin group demonstrated a superior effect in enhancing weight gain benefit (WGB) (<em>P</em> = 0.030). In conclusion, allicin supplementation improved feed intake, growth performance, slaughter performance, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, economic benefits, and hypoglycemic effects of Guizhou black goats. Among the groups, the medium allicin group exhibited the most significant improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cottonseed protein hydrolysate for replacing fish meal in diets of juvenile tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes)","authors":"Yuliang Wei ,&nbsp;Yuhan Fan ,&nbsp;Yanlu Li ,&nbsp;Chenchen Bian ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Mengqing Liang ,&nbsp;Houguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was to evaluate cottonseed protein hydrolysate (CPH) as a replacement for fish meal in diets for juvenile tiger puffer (<em>Takifugu rubripes</em>). A commercial CPH that can be applied on a large scale was chosen for the present study. Five diets containing about 470 g/kg crude protein were formulated with incremental levels of CPH at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 g/kg (CPH0, CPH3, CPH6, CPH12 and CPH24) of dry matter to replace fish meal. Tiger puffer (initial body weight: 11.69 ± 0.01 g) were randomly assigned in 15, 200-L tanks and fed twice daily to apparent satiation during the 8-week period. Fish fed diets (CPH3, CPH6, CPH12 and CPH24) containing CPH exhibited numerically higher of growth parameters (final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate) compared to the control group (CPH0), while no significant differences were observed. Feed conversion ratio and protein conversion ratio showed a linear or quadratic relationship with dietary CPH level, and CPH replaced fish meal up to 78.95 g/kg and 127.13 g/kg respectively without compromising on these two parameters of feed utilization. In the intestine, the expression of <em>pept1</em> for peptide transport, and the expression of <em>asct2</em>, <em>b</em>^<em>0</em><em>at1</em>, <em>b</em>^<em>0,+</em><em>at</em>, <em>y</em>^<em>+</em><em>lat1</em>, <em>snat2</em> and <em>eaat3</em> for amino acid transport were down-regulated in fish fed high levels of CPH. For mTOR pathway, the expression of <em>mtor</em>, <em>4e-bp1</em> and <em>4e-bp2</em> was up-regulated in the liver and down-regulated in the muscle in fish fed the CPH24 diet compared the control group. Substitution of CPH for fish meal in diets reduced dietary taurine concentrations and resulted in lower levels of liver and muscle taurine. The expression of <em>cdo</em> and <em>csd</em> for taurine synthesis, and <em>taut</em> for taurine transport was up-regulated with the increase of dietary CPH. Lipid content of whole body, serum total cholesterol content and lipase activity of intestine decreased with increasing levels of dietary CPH, while liver lipid content was observed to be elevated. In addition, textural parameters of muscle were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. In conclusion, 78.95–127.13 g/kg of CPH was suitable for replacing fish meal in the formulation of feed for tiger puffer. However, low taurine concentration of CPH may be a potential factor limiting inclusion when formulating diets for tiger puffer. When an excess of CPH was added to experimental diets, it reduced feed utilization, caused asynchrony in amino acid absorption of intestine and had a negative effect on protein synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}