Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Natural feed additives in high-concentrate diets fed to Angus × Nellore finishing steers","authors":"Nelson Guimarães Dantas Canuto ,&nbsp;Henrique Jorge Fernandes ,&nbsp;Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ,&nbsp;Marcelo Vedovatto ,&nbsp;Dalton Mendes de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Thomas Henrique Roque da Silva ,&nbsp;Amarildo Pedro da Silva ,&nbsp;Aline Gomes da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study objective was to evaluate the use of naturally sourced feed additives to replace monensin in a high-concentrate diet on performance, behavior, and carcass characteristics. Eighty F1 Angus × Nellore steers [392 ± 2.6 kg of initial body weight (BW)] were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: (1) monensin (29.5 mg/kg DM), (2) active yeast (85.0 mg/kg DM), (3) monensin and active yeast combined (at the same doses as above), and (4) a blend of essential oils (33.6 mg/kg DM). The basal diet (BD) had a roughage: concentrate ratio of 6:94. Sugarcane silage was used as roughage. The steers spent approximately 520 min resting (72 % of the daytime period), approximately 130 min eating (18 % of the daytime period), and 61 min ruminating (8.5 % of the daytime period). No difference was observed for dry matter (DM) intake during the adaptation phase (P &gt; 0.05). Steers receiving yeast had the lowest average daily gain (ADG) in the adaptation phase (P &lt; 0.05), however, this lower ADG did not have an impact on the final BW (P &gt; 0.05). On the other hand, steers receiving essential oils presented a ADG 26.5 % lower than the others during the experimental phase (P &lt; 0.05), which led to 18.3 kg lower (P &lt; 0.05) final BW of these steers (P &lt; 0.05). Differences in rib eye area and subcutaneous fat thickness can be attributed to the differences in the final BW and it is possible to infer that all the steers were at the same point of body development. We conclude that monensin can be replaced by active dry yeast in high-concentrate diets without compromising growth. Still, due a \"lag time\" for adequate rumen colonization of the yeast, steers-fed essential oils performed better during the adaptation phase. Then, essential oils (or other natural antimicrobial additives) combined with yeast are an option for adapting, which should be evaluated in future experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 116233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143218423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a monounsaturated fatty acid-enriched fat infusion on fatty acid composition in various lipid fractions of plasma and follicular fluid of 46-day versus 67-day postpartum dairy cows","authors":"Y.J. Liu ,&nbsp;M. Plante-Dubé ,&nbsp;R. Lessard ,&nbsp;P.Y. Chouinard ,&nbsp;K. Tilleman ,&nbsp;B. Vlaeminck ,&nbsp;P. De-Sutter ,&nbsp;R. Gervais ,&nbsp;V. Fievez","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The composition of fatty acids (FA) in follicular fluid (FF) can be influenced by both dietary FA and endogenous lipid mobilization. Since the latter predominantly occurs during early lactation, we compared the impact of dietary lipid supplementation on the FA composition in FF lipid classes at two distinct time points in lactation. Furthermore, we investigated how the correlations between plasma and FF FA were affected by lipid supplementation and postcalving time. Twenty Holstein multiparous cows were randomly assigned to 200 g/d of prilled saturated fat in the rumen (n = 10) or sea buckthorn oil (SBT) in the abomasum (n = 10); specially, prilled saturated fat supplements enriched in palmitic acid (82 % 16:0; PA treatment) while SBT treatment included 27 % 16:1n-7, 28 % 16:0, 7.8 % 18:1n-7, 22 % 18:1n-9 and 11 % 18:2n-6. The treatment period ranged from 20 ± 5 d precalving to 67 ± 2 d (mean ± standard deviation) postcalving. Plasma and FF samples were collected from 2 sequential sessions of ovum pick-up (OPU-1 and OPU-2) at 46 and 67 ± 2 d postcalving. Except for 18:1n-9, proportions of the main unsaturated FA, supplied by SBT (i.e. 16:1n-7, 18:1n-7, and 18:2n-6) were increased (<em>P</em>_<em>fat</em> &lt; 0.05) in most lipid fractions of plasma and FF as compared with PA group. Nevertheless, - particularly for 16:1n-7 - the response depended on the sampling time (<em>P</em>_{<em>fat x time</em>} &lt; 0.10) was of lower magnitude at OPU-1. Despite the 18:1n-9 supply to the SBT group, proportions of this FA in the phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol esters (CHE) fractions of plasma and FF were lower as compared with the PA group (<em>P</em>_<em>fat</em> &lt; 0.001). However, in the plasma PL fraction the difference between fat sources was greater at OPU-1 than at OPU-2 (<em>P</em>_{<em>fat x time</em>} &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the ratio of 18:1n-9–18:0 decreased in the plasma non-esterified FA (NEFA) and PL fractions from OPU-1 to OPU-2 (<em>P</em>_{<em>time</em>} &lt; 0. 10), while the ratio increased in FF NEFA and CHE (<em>P</em>_{<em>time</em>} &lt; 0.05), irrespective of the fat source (<em>P</em>_{<em>fat x time</em>} &gt; 0.05 except for plasma PL). Differences between lactation stages, either or not dependent on fat supplementation, were hypothesized to be related to the (need for) alleviation of lipotoxicity through endogenous desaturation. Furthermore, except for 16:1n-7, plasma and FF NEFA were uncorrelated, while esterified plasma and FF FA showed higher correlations at OPU-2 than OPU-1. As such, (dietary) interventions with MUFA-enriched supplements potentially are less effective earlier after calving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 116232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143218428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary characteristics and body weight input improve the prediction of enteric methane production from growing-finishing pigs","authors":"Elvira Sattarova ,&nbsp;Jinghui Li ,&nbsp;James G. Fadel ,&nbsp;Knud E. Bach Knudsen ,&nbsp;Michael J. Hansen ,&nbsp;Jan V. Nørgaard ,&nbsp;Henry J.H. Jørgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of the present study was to identify dietary and animal factors that affect enteric methane (CH₄) production in growing-finishing pigs. Moreover, the study aims to develop and compare the predictive accuracy of the developed models with the existing equations using the Tier 1 approach and equations considering nutrient availability. A dataset from 13 studies containing 290 individual animal observations on 107 growing-finishing pigs was used to develop the prediction model for enteric CH₄ production. The predictive ability of the newly developed models was evaluated and compared with the extant equation proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 approach and extant prediction equations that consider substrate available for fermentation. Production of enteric CH₄ was predicted by fitting mixed-effects models with random effects of animal and study. The newly developed models for enteric CH₄ production, which include dietary characteristics and animal body weight, surpass the current IPCC Tier 1 model used in national inventories, demonstrating better precision and accuracy. Therefore, the equations developed in this study can be used in the pork industry to estimate the effect of feeding strategies to mitigate enteric CH₄ production from growing-finishing pigs and to improve the national inventories of CH₄ production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 116231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143218558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of macroalgae and macroalgal extracts as a source of minerals in need of fine-tuning in multiple livestock production systems","authors":"Sabela Al-Soufi ,&nbsp;Javier García ,&nbsp;Antonio Muíños ,&nbsp;Víctor Pereira ,&nbsp;Verónica Piñeiro ,&nbsp;Marta Miranda ,&nbsp;Marco García-Vaquero ,&nbsp;Marta López-Alonso","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the levels of macrominerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, S), essential trace elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Zn) and potentially toxic trace elements (Cd, Hg, Pb, As (inorganic and organic)) in seven species of macroalgae and in their extracts. The potential maximum levels of inclusion of macroalgal biomass and extracts in feed were assessed in multiple livestock (swine, ruminant, poultry, leporine and pisciculture). Overall, macroalgae contained high levels of I, reaching its highest levels in <em>S. latissima</em> (4131 mg/kg DM) and <em>L. ochroleuca</em> (2780 mg/kg DM). Arsenic concentrations ranged from 4.10 mg/kg DM in <em>Ulva</em> spp. to 68.9 mg/kg DM in <em>S. latissima.</em> Arsenic was mainly present as arsenosugars, of relatively low toxicity. Extracts had higher macrominerals and I levels, and lower essential and toxic trace elements levels compared to the biomass. Macroalgal biomass and extracts can be added to feed at 1–5 % to fulfill the physiological needs of multiple livestock, being I contents the main factor limiting highest inclusion rates. Inclusion of <em>S. latissima</em> and <em>L. ochroleuca</em> should be limited to 0.72 and 0.66 %, respectively. Maximum level of inclusion of different macroalgal products, as dried biomass or extracts, must be finely tuned. Low levels of inclusion of macroalgae and/or extracts in feed can be considered as an efficient and natural strategy to fulfill the macrominerals and iodine needs of multiple livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary iron concentrations on growth performance, ascites incidence, blood biochemical parameters, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens in ascites inducing condition","authors":"Nasim Akbari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Shahir ,&nbsp;Barbara Tzschentke ,&nbsp;Iraj Jafari Anarkooli","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary iron (Fe) concentrations on ascites incidence in broiler chickens. Four hundred and fifty male broilers were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments each with 10 replicates of 15 birds. The treatments were dietary iron supplementation levels of 20 (control), 50, and 80 mg Fe/kg. The experimental diets were fed to the broilers after 14 d of age under ascites inducing condition. Feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were measured biweekly and ascites mortality was recorded daily during the experiment (14–39 d). Dietary iron addition increased BWG (P &lt; 0.05), however, FI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly affected. Ascites mortality increased by increasing Fe supplementation (P &lt; 0.05). Carcass (P &lt; 0.10), breast (P &lt; 0.05), and liver (P &lt; 0.05) percentages increased with Fe supplementation, however, Fe supplementation decreased thigh (P &lt; 0.10) and abdominal fat (P &lt; 0.10) percentages. Serum total iron (P &lt; 0.05), glucose (P &lt; 0.05), albumin (P &lt; 0.05), and uric acid (P &lt; 0.05) were significantly affected by dietary Fe concentrations. Although iron supplementation had not significant effect on thyroxine (T₄) and thyrotropin (TSH), it increased plasma triiodothyronine (T₃) and T₃/T₄ ratio (P &lt; 0.05). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver iron concentrations increased linearly (P &lt; 0.05) by increasing dietary Fe concentrations. Iron supplementation increased red blood cell (RBC) count (P &lt; 0.05), however, hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (Hb) were not affected by the dietary treatments. In conclusion, the results indicate that higher levels of dietary iron supplementation (50 and 80 mg Fe/kg) is associated with oxidative stress and ascites susceptibility in broiler chickens. Therefore, iron supplementation level of 20 mg Fe/kg is optimum for broiler chickens in ascites inducing condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunomodulatory activities of a thermostable galacto-mannanase and their impact on the performance of weaned piglets","authors":"Habeeb Tajudeen ,&nbsp;Jun Young Mun ,&nbsp;Sanghun Ha ,&nbsp;Abdolreza Hosseindoust ,&nbsp;Elick Kinara ,&nbsp;Anushka Lokhande ,&nbsp;Santosh Laxman Ingale ,&nbsp;Jin Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory impact of thermostable galacto-mannanase on the performance of weaned pigs. The experiment involved 320 mixed-sex pigs, weaned at 3 weeks of age, with an average body weight of 5.97 ± 1.06 kg. The pigs were randomly assigned to 4 treatments based on their body weight (BW). The randomization was conducted 10 times, with each replicate containing 8 piglets. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks (phase 1, d 1–21; phase 2, d 22–42), with the pigs assigned to one of the four dietary groups: Corn-soybean-meal (SBM) basal diet as control (CON), CON+ 0.01 % mannanase (MAN) as MAN1, CON+ 0.02 % MAN (MAN2), and CON+ 0.03 % MAN (MAN3). The results showed that the final BW was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 compared with MAN1, and MAN1 was higher (p &lt; 0.05) than CON. In phase 1, the average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G/F) were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON, while in phase 2 and the overall phase, the ADG and G/F were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the MAN-supplemented diets compared with CON. The apparent total tract digestibility coefficient (CATTD) of dry matter, gross energy, non-starch polysaccharide, and mannan were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 in phase 1 and phase 2 respectively. The intestinal viscosity was lower (p &lt; 0.05) as the level of MAN increased from MAN1 through MAN2 to MAN3. The ileal and caecal <em>Escherichia coli</em> was lower (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON. The duodenal villus height (VH) and VH/crypt depth (CD) were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON. The jejunal VH was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the MAN-supplemented diets, while the jejunal VH/CD was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON. The ileal VH was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON, while ileal VH/CD was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in all the MAN-supplemented diets. The insulin and glucose were higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN2 and MAN3 in phase 1, while in phase 2, the immunoglobulin M was higher (p &lt; 0.05<strong>)</strong> in MAN2 and MAN3 compared with CON. The insulin was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in MAN3 compared with CON, while glucose was higher (p &lt; 0.05) in all MAN-supplemented diets. In conclusion, supplementing MAN at increasing levels of 0.01–0.03 % could enhance growth performance in weaned pigs. This improvement may be attributed to MAN's ability to reduce <em>E. coli</em> and intestinal viscosity, which in turn enhanced blood insulin, glucose, VH, VH/CD, and ATTD of nutrients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary yeast hydrolysate improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal microbiota of juvenile giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)","authors":"Youqin Kong ,&nbsp;Qiuyu Gao ,&nbsp;Dong Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiao Feng ,&nbsp;Zhili Ding ,&nbsp;Samwel Mchele Limbu ,&nbsp;Jinyun Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the influence of dietary yeast hydrolysate on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal flora of juvenile giant freshwater prawn (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>). Five experimental diets were formulated by incorporating 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% of yeast hydrolysate into the basal diet hereafter referred to as YH₀, YH_0.5, YH₁, YH₂ and YH₄, respectively. The diets were administered to 50 juvenile <em>M. rosenbergii</em> with an initial weight of 0.0451 ± 0.003 g in triplicates for eight weeks. The findings revealed that the prawns fed on YH_0.5 and YH₁ diets increased significantly weight gain and specific growth rate. The prawns fed on the YH₁ and YH₂ diets had significantly higher superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the hepatopancreas, while decreased malondialdehyde content. Moreover, the prawns fed on the YH₁, YH₂ and YH₄ diets elevated significantly alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities in the serum. Furthermore, the prawns fed on the YH₁ and YH₂ diets had significantly higher total nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide content, but had lower aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities in the serum. The prawns fed on YH₀, YH₁ and YH₄ diets were analyzed to explore the changes in intestinal microbiota. The prawns fed on the YH₄ diet had significantly higher Shannon and Chao indices than those fed on YH₁ diet. Feeding the prawns on the YH₀ diet increased significantly Bacteroidetes phylum relative abundance than those fed on the YH₁ and YH₄ diets. Moreover, the prawns reared on YH₀ and YH₄ diets had significantly higher Saccharibacteria phylum relative abundance compared to those fed on the YH₁ diet. <em>Flavobacterium</em>, <em>Lactococcus</em>, <em>Enterobacter</em> and <em>Lysobacter</em> spp. were the dominant taxa in the gut microbiota across all treatments, with <em>Flavobacterium</em> sp. being the most abundant genus in the prawns fed on the YH₀ diet. The amount of dietary yeast hydrolysate required for optimum growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> ranged from 0.9% to 2.6%. Collectively, these findings suggest that, moderate dietary yeast hydrolysate supplementation exerts improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immunity in <em>M. rosenbergii</em>. Furthermore, dietary yeast hydrolysate modulates intestinal microbiota composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143127741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the occurrence of cyclopropane fatty acids in grass silage","authors":"Demian Martini-Lösch ,&nbsp;Federico Fava ,&nbsp;Giovanni Peratoner ,&nbsp;Evelyn Soini ,&nbsp;Peter Robatscher ,&nbsp;Daniela Eisenstecken ,&nbsp;Andreas Österreicher ,&nbsp;Aldo Matteazzi ,&nbsp;Elena Venir","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Haymilk and haymilk products meet the consumers expectations about traditional and sustainable dairy farming and have gained increasing interest in some parts of Europe. In haymilk production, among other restrictions, fermented feed is not allowed in the ration of cows. Recently, advancements in analytical methods applicable to dairy products have emerged, enabling the detection of silage utilization in animal diets. Notably, cyclopropane fatty acids (CPFAs), such as dihydrosterculic acid (DHSA) (cis 9,10-methylene octadecanoic acid) and lactobacillic acid (LBA) (cis-11,12-methylene octadecanoic acid), have been identified as biomarkers capable of distinguishing between Grana Padano and Parmigiano Reggiano cheeses. Silage is permitted in the production of the former but prohibited for the latter. Consequently, these biomarkers allow authentication by confirming the absence of silage in the animals' diet. CPFAs are known to be produced by some microorganisms during fermentation in silage production, thus they are expected to occur only in milk of animals fed silage. Most of the previous studies in this area referred to lowland areas, where the fermented part of the dairy cows' diet typically consists of maize silage. However, in the mountainous areas of the Alps (Europe) the diet often includes on-farm produced grass silage, which only recently came to the attention of research concerning the authentication of dairy products based on a silage-free diet. In this work, grass silage was produced under controlled conditions to test the formation of CPFAs depending on the growth cycle (cut), fermentation temperature and the use of fermentation starters. In addition, 69 silage samples of several farms were collected and studied to investigate the relationship between silage quality and the CPFAs content under on-farm conditions in the local practice. The concentration of CPFAs were found to be differently affected by the temperature, depending on the cut, whilst the starter only marginally affected CPFAs. A positive relationship between acetic acid and CPFAs was observed both in laboratory-produced silages and in on-farm collected grass and maize silages. These results provide a first insight into the presence of CPFAs in grass silage and its association with fermentation parameters adding new helpful information in using CPFAs as markers to authenticate milk from a silage-free diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143127742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (BSFLM) as an alternative protein source in sustainable aquaculture production: A scoping review of its comprehensive impact on shrimp and prawn farming","authors":"Shirly-Lim Yu Ling ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Shafiee ,&nbsp;Zoe Longworth ,&nbsp;Hassan Vatanparast ,&nbsp;Meisam Tabatabaei ,&nbsp;Hon Jung Liew","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture, a globally expanding industry, confronts significant challenges in sourcing sustainable and clean feed, especially for shrimp and prawn species within the Arthropoda family. The traditional reliance on fish meal (FM) poses ecological and economic dilemmas, driving the quest for alternative, environmentally-friendly protein sources. Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (BSFLM) has emerged as a promising candidate, offering a high protein content, essential amino acids, and strong sustainability credentials. These include its contribution to waste reduction and the circular economy, positioning BSFLM as a clean and sustainable alternative. This scoping review, adhering to the PRISMA-SR guidelines, systematically evaluates the current research on BSFLM inclusion in shrimp and prawn aquaculture diets. We conducted a thorough literature search from January 2000 to May 2023 across multiple databases, focusing on studies investigating the impacts of BSFLM as a direct FM substitute. We provide an in-depth analysis of BSFLM's comprehensive impact on crucial aquaculture aspects such as growth performance, feed efficiency, survival rates, body composition, and health. Notably, we explore BSFLM's influence on digestive enzyme activities, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant activities, immune responses, biochemical and metabolic parameters, and the health and morphology of intestinal and hepatic systems. Our review extends to the nutritional dynamics of BSFLM, the role of chitin, and the effects on water quality, underscoring both the potential benefits and challenges of BSFLM implementation. BSFLM demonstrates a spectrum of effects from enhancing growth performance to influencing health and nutrient metabolism, varying with inclusion levels. While offering a sustainable and clean alternative to FM, BSFLM's integration into aquaculture demands a nuanced approach, considering species-specific responses and ecological impacts. The review underlines the necessity for further comprehensive research, economic evaluation, and policy development to optimize the use of BSFLM in sustainable aquaculture practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143127889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a biological anti-mycotoxin feed additive on aflatoxin milk transfer, performance, and biomarkers of liver and renal function in Jersey cows","authors":"Jefferson R. Gandra ,&nbsp;Caio S. Takiya ,&nbsp;Tiago A. Del Valle ,&nbsp;Erika R. de Sena Gandra ,&nbsp;Regis L. Missio ,&nbsp;Cibeli A. Pedrini ,&nbsp;Euclides R. de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Milena Bugoni ,&nbsp;Rafael H.T.B. Goes","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mycotoxins are highly stable and can persist from grain harvest through animal feeding, potentially transferring to milk and exposing humans to these toxins. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of feeding an aluminosilicate-based product or a biological anti-mycotoxin additive on milk aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) concentration, milk production and composition, complete blood cell count, and biomarkers of renal and liver function. Five primiparous Jersey cows (105 ± 3 days in milk, milk yield 15.0 ± 4.25 kg/d) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment, where periods were composed of 12 d for treatment adaptation, 4 d for sampling, and 5 d for washout. Treatment sequences randomly assigned to cows included a control (CON) treatment without aflatoxin challenge and four treatments with an artificially contaminated diet containing aflatoxins at 100 µg/kg diet DM. These treatments were: 1) Mycotoxin (MTX), aflatoxin challenge with no anti-mycotoxin additive; 2) Adsorbent (ADS), aflatoxin challenge with an aluminosilicate-based product at 0.1 % diet DM; 3) Biological anti-mycotoxin additive 1 (AM1), aflatoxin challenge with AM at 0.056 % diet DM; and 4) Biological anti-mycotoxin additive 3 (AM3), aflatoxin challenge with AM at 0.167 % diet DM. The AM was composed of microminerals, methionine, silymarin, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria. Milk AFM1 concentrations were the lowest in CON (0.05 µg/kg), followed by AM3(0.24 µg/kg), with intermediate levels in AM1 (0.50 µg/kg) and ADS (0.60 µg/kg), and highest in MTX (0.86 µg/kg). Milk yield was the highest for AM3 (21.8 kg/d), with intermediate values observed for CON (17.5 kg/d) and AM1 (19.4 kg/d), and the lowest production observed for MTX (16.4 kg/d). Milk fat yield was the highest for AM3, with intermediate values observed for CON and AM1, and the lowest yield found for ADS and MTX. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in blood was the highest for AM3, with intermediate values observed for AM1 and ADS, and the lowest for CON and MTX. Urea to creatinine ratio was greater in CON and MTX groups compared to the other treatments. Blood alanine aminotransferase concentration was the highest for MTX, with intermediate values for CON, and the lowest values for ADS, AM1, and AM3. Blood gamma-glutamyl transferase concentration was the highest for MTX, with intermediate values observed for CON, AM1, and AM3, and the lowest value observed for ADS. The AM additive at the highest dose was more effective in reducing milk AFM1 excretion than ADS. The AM3 group demonstrated superior productivity compared to both the groups fed an artificially contaminated diet and the control group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 116181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}