Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Glycerol monolaurate reduces lipid deposition and promotes the health of liver and intestine in grass carp fed with high-fat diet","authors":"Chi Wang,&nbsp;Pengju Li,&nbsp;Haibo Yu,&nbsp;Yunhe Li,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaotian Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Tian Li,&nbsp;Hong Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the improving impact of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on lipid accumulation, liver and intestinal inflammation, and intestinal microbiota imbalance of grass carp caused by high-fat diet (HFD). Grass carp were provided with regular diet (RD) and HFD containing 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 g/kg of GML for 11 weeks. The results show that 1, 2 and 4 g/kg of GML alleviated the HFD-induced increase in triglyceride content of liver (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and reduced the adipocyte size (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and the lipid droplet number in the liver. Moreover, GML markedly reduced the mRNA expression of lipid synthesis-related genes (<em>acc1</em>) and 4 g/kg of GML markedly up-regulated the mRNA expression of lipolysis-related genes (<em>atgl, hsl,</em> and <em>cpt1</em>) in the liver (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and 4 g/kg of GML markedly up-regulated the mRNA expression of <em>atgl</em> and <em>hsl</em> in the intraperitoneal fat (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), thereby alleviating the lipid accumulation induced by HFD. In addition, GML inhibited the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors (<em>il-6</em>), and 2 and 4 g/kg of GML promoted the mRNA expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors (<em>tgf-β1</em>) in the liver (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), thus alleviating liver inflammation caused by HFD. The 2 and 4 g/kg of GML significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors (<em>tlr4</em> and <em>nf-κb p65</em>), and 1, 2 and 4 g/kg of GML significantly promoted the mRNA expression levels of tight junction proteins (<em>claudin-3</em> and <em>occludin</em>) in the intestine (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), thus alleviating the inflammation and injury of the intestine caused by HFD. Particularly, GML also normalized HFD-induced intestinal microbiota imbalance in grass carp, which was characterized by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria (e.g., <em>Cetobacterium</em>) and inhibiting the harmful bacteria growth (e.g., <em>Erysipelatoclostridium</em>) in the intestine. To sum up, GML supplementation can alleviate HFD-induced lipid accumulation, inflammation and intestinal microbiota imbalance, and improve the health of liver and intestine in grass carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards efficient grass-clover biorefining: Influence of harvesting methods and delayed processing","authors":"Helle Nygaard Lærke ,&nbsp;Søren Krogh Jensen ,&nbsp;Thalles Allan Andrade ,&nbsp;Morten Ambye-Jensen ,&nbsp;Emma Tøfting Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Lene Stødkilde","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the effects of different harvesting techniques and processing time delays on the yield and quality of the protein extracted through biorefining from a grass-clover mixture grown in Denmark. Two harvesting methods were employed—mowing and chopping—with subsequent processing occurring immediately or after 6 or 12 hours. The extraction process produced protein concentrates with crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) contents equivalent to soybean meal (SBM). The standardised ileal digestibility (SID) of CP in protein concentrate produced immediately after harvest was 71.0 % and 69.2 % from the mowed and chopped biomass, respectively (P &gt; 0.05). Delayed processing diminished SID of CP (P = 0.005) and of all AA (P &lt; 0.05). There was an overall effect of harvest method on SID of CP (P = 0.006) and all AA (P &lt; 0.05), with lower values from the chopped biomass. The calculated yield of protein extracted from mowed biomass without delay was 56.8 kg digestible CP/hectare and 43.4 kg/hectare after 12 hours. In contrast, the calculated yield from chopped biomass was only reaching 29.4 kg/hectare following a 12-hour delay. This research underscores the importance of harvesting method selection and timely processing in maximising protein extraction efficiency and digestibility. The results advocate for enhanced logistics and handling practices in biorefining operations to improve efficiency and resource utilisation in protein production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviving hope: Phage therapy application for antimicrobial resistance in farm animal production over the past decade","authors":"Mebratu Melaku ,&nbsp;Junhong Wang ,&nbsp;Yining Xie ,&nbsp;Awais Ali ,&nbsp;Bao Yi ,&nbsp;Teng Ma ,&nbsp;Ruqing Zhong ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Hongfu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing concern over antibiotic resistance on a global scale has led to a surge in phage therapy as a potential solution for difficult bacterial infections in animal production. Antibiotic resistance is a pressing public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide. Developing new antibiotics to combat this silent pandemic is complex, time-consuming process, and vulnerable to the rapid evolution of bacterial resistance. Viruses known as phages (bacteriophages) are living drugs that effectively target and destroy harmful bacteria and hold promise as valuable, green, and natural alternatives to antibiotics in food animal production. Phage therapy, which involves phages to eliminate bacterial infections, represents one of the most promising approaches to address the current threat of antibiotic resistance owing to its unique mechanisms of action. This review aims to summarize recent advances within the past years from 2014 to 2024 in the use of dietary phages as alternatives to antibiotics in food animal production. The application of phages, also known as phage therapy, occurred during the pre-antibiotic era. With antibiotics losing their effectiveness in treating zoonotic diseases and affecting the efficiency of food animal production, it is time to reconsider and renew our approach to phage therapy in the current post-antibiotic era. This review explores the development, advantages and challenges of phage therapy, its applications in food animal production and gaps for future research. It provides new insight into antibiotic resistance and the development of phage therapy cocktails that target specific antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This is important for ensuring sustainable antibiotic-free food animal production and protecting natural ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae raised on kitchen waste on laying performance and egg quality in laying hens","authors":"Qiang Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiao Wang ,&nbsp;Zirui Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuli Sun ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Ning ,&nbsp;Yanghua Qu ,&nbsp;Zengpeng Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) raised on kitchen waste to the diet on the laying performance and egg quality of hens. A total of 270 laying hens were randomly assigned to three groups with six replicates each (cages). The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the experimental groups were fed diets containing 3 % and 6 % BSFL (LBF and HBF), maintaining consistent nutritional indices across groups. Following a two-week pre-feeding period, an eight-week formal experiment was conducted to assess the productive performance, egg quality, as well as amino acids and fatty acids in the egg yolk. Results indicated a trend towards reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) with the BSFL diet (<em>P</em> = 0.081) and a significant increase in egg weight with the addition of 3 % BSFL (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared to the CON group, the LBF and HBF groups showed a significant improvement in the Albumen height (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and a significant decrease in yolk color (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The inclusion of BSFL elevated the content of threonine, serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, and umami amino acids (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), as well as the content of non-essential amino acids in the yolk (<em>P</em> = 0.056), while it reduced the proportion of essential amino acids (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In deail, the LBF and HBF treatments significantly increased the levels of lauric acid (C12:0) and myristic acid (C14:0) in the yolk (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and significantly decreased the levels of linolenic acid (C18:3n3) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with a trend towards reducing linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) (<em>P</em> = 0.059), polyunsaturated fatty acids (<em>P</em> = 0.069), and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (<em>P</em> = 0.079). In conclusion, the BSFL diet can improve the egg-laying performance and egg quality of laying hens, increase the content of non-essential amino acids and certain fatty acids in the yolk, and positively influence of yolk flavor and functional characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary non-forage fiber sources and starch levels: Effects on growth, meat fatty acid composition, and rumen bacterial community of fattening lambs","authors":"Shuai Jiao ,&nbsp;Nannan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhilan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuchun Sun ,&nbsp;Xianyu Meng ,&nbsp;Pengshan Zhao ,&nbsp;Baocang Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Fadi Li ,&nbsp;Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our objective was to investigate the interactions between non-forage fiber sources (NFFS) and starch levels (SL) on growth performance, meat fatty acid composition, and ruminal bacterial community of fattening lambs. Two hundred forty healthy three-month-old <em>Hu</em> sheep male lambs (30.28 ± 0.324 kg of body weight) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design. The experimental factors were NFFS (beet pulp, soybean hull) and SL (HS, high starch = 28.4 %; RS, reduced starch = 16 %). The experimental treatments were as follows: (1) 15 % (as fed basis) Beet pulp in HS level (BP+HS), (2) 15 % Beet pulp in RS level (BP+RS), (3) 15 % Soybean hull in HS level (SH+HS) (4) 15 % Soybean hull in RS level (SH+RS). The trial period lasted 63 days. The final weight, average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), and the proportion of rumen isobutyrate in BP were lower (P &lt; 0.05) than those in SH, while the proportion of butyrate and valerate in BP was higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The proportion of propionate and valerate in HS was higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) than that in RS, while the proportion of acetate, isobutyrate and acetate/propionate was lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the proportions of certain saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in muscle, and ruminal bacterial composition and diversity, were independently influenced by both NFFS and SL. In summary, the absence of interactions between dietary NFFS and SL on the majority of measured variables indicates that the effects of NFFS and starch are independent or interactive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, oxidative stress, and intermediary metabolism of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles fed diets including solid-state fermented distiller's dried grains with solubles","authors":"Diogo Filipe ,&nbsp;Rui Magalhães ,&nbsp;Helena Fernandes ,&nbsp;José Manuel Salgado ,&nbsp;Isabel Belo ,&nbsp;Aires Oliva-Teles ,&nbsp;Helena Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research demonstrated that solid-state fermentation (SSF) of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) by <em>Aspergillus ibericus</em> improved protein, reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber levels, and added phenolic compounds, xylanase, and cellulase. Fermentation of DDGS also increased protein, lipids, energy, and starch digestibility. This study evaluated the effects of unfermented and fermented DDGS on growth, oxidative stress, and intermediary metabolism of European seabass (<em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>) juveniles. Five different diets were prepared: a control diet without DDGS and four with 10 % or 20 % unfermented or fermented DDGS (diets 10DDGS, 20DDGS, 10SSF-DDGS, and 20SSF-DDGS). Each diet was fed to triplicate seabass (30 ± 5 g) for 12 weeks. The 10SSF-DDGS diet increased the protein efficiency ratio, final body weight, and nitrogen retention (% N intake) compared to the 10DDGS diet, with no differences from the control diet. Both 20 % DDGS diets reduced growth performance, but the 20SSF-DDGS diet showed higher feed and protein utilization than the 20DDGS diet. Whole-body composition was unaffected except for 20SSF-DDGS, which had lower dry matter, lipids, protein, and gross energy content. The 10SSF-DDGS diet reduced hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, while the 20SSF-DDGS diet decreased amino acid catabolism enzyme activity and increased glucokinase and pyruvate kinase activity. In intestinal oxidative status, 10DDGS reduced superoxide dismutase and increased glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation, whereas the 10SSF-DDGS diet mirrored the control diet. In conclusion, SSF of DDGS enhances feed utilization and maintains intestinal oxidative status, particularly at lower inclusion levels, highlighting its potential as an improved alternative to unfermented DDGS in aquafeeds. However, further research involving long-term trials, thermal stress challenges in the context of climate change, and disease resistance assessments is necessary to confirm its broader applicability in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary vitamin C supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, and growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in juvenile walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus)","authors":"Ki Wook Lee ,&nbsp;So-Sun Kim ,&nbsp;Hae Kyun Yoo ,&nbsp;Gyeong Sik Han ,&nbsp;Hwa Yong Oh ,&nbsp;Kwang Tae Son ,&nbsp;Hee Sung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin C (V_C) is an essential micronutrient that plays a critical role in growth performance and antioxidant status of fish. However, no study has examined V_C levels in the juvenile walleye pollock (<em>Gadus chalcogrammus</em>) diet. Thus, six isoproteic and isolipidic diets containing 3.32, 22.08, 63.67, 101.72, 145.88, and 202.81 mg kg⁻¹ V_C were prepared and 8-week feeding trial was conducted. The fish fed the 145.88 mg kg⁻¹ V_C diet exhibited the greatest growth (final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) and feed utilization (feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio. Fish fed the diet supplemented with 145.88 mg kg⁻¹ Vc had significantly higher crude whole-body protein content than those fed the 3.32 and 22.08 mg kg⁻¹ Vc diets. The whole-body crude lipid content of fish fed the 145.88 mg kg⁻¹ Vc diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed diets containing 3.32–101.72 mg kg⁻¹. However, the dietary Vc content did not affect the whole-body moisture, ash contents and plasma hematological parameters of juvenile walleye pollock. Plasma superoxide dismutase activity was significantly lowered in fish fed the 202.81 mg kg⁻¹ V_C diet. Fish fed the 145.88 and 202.81 mg kg⁻¹ V_C diets displayed higher plasma growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels. In conclusion, the growth performance and superoxide dismutase activity of juvenile walleye pollock can be enhanced via dietary V_C inclusion at levels of 145.88–202.81 mg kg⁻¹. Based on broken-line regression analysis of weight gain, the optimal dietary Vc requirement was estimated to be 168.28 mg kg⁻¹. These findings provide species-specific guidance for Vc inclusion in aquafeeds to support efficient and sustainable aquaculture of walleye pollock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of feeding prickly pear by-product silage as a partial replacement of concentrate on dairy ewes: Milk characteristics, nutrient utilisation and in vitro ruminal fermentation","authors":"Mahmood Ul Hassan ,&nbsp;Alessandro Vastolo ,&nbsp;Riccardo Gannuscio ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maniaci ,&nbsp;Isabella Mancuso ,&nbsp;Serena Calabrò ,&nbsp;Antonio Gallo ,&nbsp;Massimo Todaro ,&nbsp;Monica Isabella Cutrignelli","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prickly pear fruit processing industries generate a substantial amount of fibrous by-products as waste rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and tannins, and that contain considerable minerals and water-soluble carbohydrates. This study investigated the potential of prickly pear by-product silage as feed in the diet of Valle del Belice ewes and its effects on body weight, milk yield and composition, nutrient utilisation and degradability and <em>in vitro</em> ruminal fermentation characteristics. A total of 12 ewes (60 d in lactation) were selected and randomly divided into three experimental groups, homogeneous for parity, live weight and milk yield. Each group was fed for 14 d (9 d for diet adaptation + 5 d for sampling), with one of the three experimental diets based on a Latin square design. The diets with the same crude protein and NDF were: 1) control (CTR) diet with hay and concentrate; 2) prickly pear peels (PPP) diet with PPP silage, hay and concentrate; and 3) pulp, peels and seeds (PPS) diet with PPS silage, hay and concentrate. Nutrient intake varied between diets, with total DM intake being greater in the CTR and PPS (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) diets than in the PPP diet. Daily milk yield tended to be lower in ewes fed the PPP and PPS diets than in those fed the CTR diet, whereas no differences were found for fat- and protein-corrected milk between diets. Protein and casein (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) levels were higher in the milk of ewes fed the PPP diet. Compared with the milk urea concentration of CTR-fed ewes, that of PPP-fed ewes was 15 % lower. The <em>in vivo</em> nutrient degradability, <em>in vitro</em> fermentation rate and volatile FAs were greater (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) in the PPP diet than in the PPS diet. These results suggest that PPP silage can be partially incorporated into dairy ewe diets to reduce feeding costs and improve milk nitrogen efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of inoculants on alfalfa silage: a multi-omics analysis reveals microbial community and metabolic shifts despite undesirable fermentation quality","authors":"W.C. Ke ,&nbsp;R. Su ,&nbsp;M. Franco ,&nbsp;M. Rinne ,&nbsp;D.M. Xu ,&nbsp;G.J. Zhang ,&nbsp;X.S. Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lactic acid bacteria are extensively utilized in silage production to enhance fermentation quality, yet their effects remain variable. This study investigated the potential role and underlying mechanisms of inoculants in silage fermentation through microbiome and metabolome analyses, despite suboptimal fermentation outcomes. Alfalfa was wilted to 300 g/kg (LDM) and 430 g/kg (HDM) fresh weight and ensiled either without inoculation (CON) or with <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> (LP) or <em>Pediococcus pentosaceus</em> (PP). After 60 days of fermentation at 20°C, samples were assessed using integrated microbiome sequencing and metabolome profiling alongside conventional fermentation parameters. All treatments exhibited elevated pH values (&gt; 5.00), particularly under LDM condition, indicating inadequate fermentation. Although LP and PP inoculation resulted in lower pH values, they had no impact on proteolysis or nutritional preservation. Microbiome analysis revealed distinct bacterial community structures, with CON and PP-treated silages dominated by <em>Weissella</em> and <em>Pediococcus</em>, whereas LP-inoculated silage was characterized by high levels of <em>Lactiplantibacillus</em> abundance and substantial proportions of <em>Hafnia-Obesumbacterium</em> and <em>Enterobacter</em>, irrespective of DM content. LP inoculation enhanced amino acid and energy metabolism within bacterial communities while suppressing carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolome analysis confirmed significant metabolic shifts between DM contents; at LDM, LP-inoculated silage exhibited reduced lactulose and lyxose concentrations, while at LDM, LP and PP treatments increased tyrosine levels but decreased N-Methyl-DL-alanine and N(alpha), N(alpha)-dimethyl-L-histidine concentrations. These findings demonstrate that bacterial inoculants profoundly influence microbial composition and metabolic pathways in silage, even in the absence of substantial improvements in conventional fermentation metrics. The integration of microbiome and metabolome analyses provides novel insights into the complex mechanisms of inoculant-mediated silage fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of betalains and organic selenium on the physiological responses, blood metabolites, redox status, and semen quality of heat-stressed rabbits","authors":"Tharwat A. Imbabi ,&nbsp;Eman H. Halawa ,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Younis ,&nbsp;Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith ,&nbsp;Dina A. Selim ,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Abdel Aal ,&nbsp;Lamiaa M.M. EL-Maghraby ,&nbsp;Abdalla El-Hadary ,&nbsp;Shimaa A. Amer ,&nbsp;Simon J. Davies ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Basiouny ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Sitohy ,&nbsp;Ali Osman","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress (HS) is a significant environmental factor that leads to substantial financial losses in the rabbit industry. In the present study, betalains and organic selenium (Ose) were used as natural protection against HS to improve rabbits' reproductive and health status. Forty-five three-month-old V-line male rabbits were distributed into three groups, each consisting of 15 rabbits with the same average weight. The first group, acting as the control group, received a basal diet without any treatment, while the second and third groups administered betalains (1.4 g betalains/kg diet) and Ose (0.7 g OSe/kg diet), respectively. In terms of semen quality, the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione content (GSH), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were significantly improved by using betalains and Ose. Betalains and Ose increased the sperm motility, motility index, sperm normality, and livability. Furthermore, both treatments significantly increased the levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and dopamine compared to the control group. In the betalains and Ose -treated groups, there was upregulation in the growth-related genes and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the liver and caecum. Conversely, the betalains and Ose -treated groups exhibited downregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and fas cell surface death receptor (FAS) in the liver and caecum compared to the control. The study's findings revealed that betalains and Ose were useful for improving the reproductive and health status of rabbits subjected to HS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}