Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison between single and multiple daily distributions of the diet on growth performance, behaviour, and rumen health of fattening Limousin bulls","authors":"Luisa Magrin,&nbsp;Lorenzo Serva,&nbsp;Paola Prevedello,&nbsp;Giorgia Fabbri,&nbsp;Oliver Martinić,&nbsp;Giulio Cozzi,&nbsp;Flaviana Gottardo","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study compared the effects of single <em>vs</em>. multiple daily distributions of the fattening diet on Limousin bulls' growth performance, behaviour, and rumen health. The experimental period spanned 27 months, during which 37 batches of Limousin bulls progressively entered the study to complete their fattening. Each batch was split into two balanced groups of animals that were then transferred to two identical fattening barns. Bulls in one barn were conventionally fed a total mixed ration (TMR) with a single daily distribution (CFS). An automatic feeding system (AFS), operating in the second barn, self-prepared a similar TMR delivered more times a day according to bulls’ voluntary intake. A total of 701 bulls were fattened with CFS, and 739 bulls with AFS, for an average number of 129 <em>vs</em>. 130 days (P = 0.81), respectively. The average number of TMR daily discharges by AFS was 4.2 ± 1.6. Behavioural observations confirmed that bulls adapted their feeding and resting activities in response to the time of TMR administration. The fresh-made ration provided at each delivery by AFS increased bulls' dry matter intake compared to CFS bulls (8.50 <em>vs</em>. 7.95 kg/d; P = 0.001). Bulls of both feeding systems had a similar daily gain (1.55 <em>vs</em>. 1.58 kg; P = 0.23) and carcass weight. However, from an animal health and welfare perspective, the fewer medical treatments and the lower incidence of rumen mucosa disorders observed with AFS compared to CFS should encourage the introduction of automated solutions to increase the frequency of daily feed distributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicology of aspartame to largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) on the basis of antioxidant capacity, liver histology and the intestinal microbiota","authors":"Qiuwen Su ,&nbsp;Jiafa Yang ,&nbsp;Zixin Yang ,&nbsp;Qin Kong ,&nbsp;Guohong Xiao ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Huijuan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aspartame is widely applied in the food industry as a sugar substitute, but concerns about its safety persist. There are a large number of studies on the toxicity of aspartame on mammals. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of aspartame on the growth performance, biological indicators, liver histology, hepatic antioxidant capacity and to evaluate the potential of juvenile largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) as a model species for food toxicology. The results revealed that the feed intake of the ASBT group was significantly lower than that of the CT group. Compared with those in the CT group, the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the ASBT group were significantly greater ( <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and ccatalase (CAT) activities were significantly decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), suggesting abnormal liver functions and decreased hepatic antioxidant capacity respectively. Liver histology showed significantly increased hepatocytes volume and increased of intrahepatic fat cell area in the ASBT group than that in the CT group ( <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), indicating that the liver tissue was severely damaged. Compared with those in the CT group, the abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria in the intestine of the ASBT group were significantly greater. It can be concluded that continuously feeding diets with 1 % aspartame has significant negative effects on largemouth bass, including liver damage, and increases the proportion of intestinal pathogens. The results are very similar to those described in mammalian disease models. Therefore, it is suggested that fish species like largemouth bass may be valuable for food toxicity studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of fiber type on enteric methane production from growing-finishing pigs and subsequent biochemical methane potential of excreted feces","authors":"Elvira Sattarova ,&nbsp;Michael J. Hansen ,&nbsp;Henry J.H. Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Peter Lund ,&nbsp;Knud E. Bach Knudsen ,&nbsp;Jan V. Nørgaard ,&nbsp;Henrik B. Møller","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three diets differing in type and amount of total fiber (TF) were formulated in order to investigate the effects of fiber type and amount on enteric methane (CH₄) production from growing-finishing pigs and subsequent biochemical CH₄ potential of the excreted feces. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on wheat, barley, and soybean meal, a diet with high content of insoluble TF based on wheat bran (WB), and a diet with high content of soluble TF based on sugar beet pulp (SBP). Eighteen female growing-finishing pigs were allocated to one of three experimental diets according to a replicated incomplete 3 * 2 Latin square design. After adaptation to the diet and metabolic cages, urine and feces samples were collected for 4 days, including 48 hours of gas exchange measurements in respiration chambers. Excreted feces were collected when pigs weighed 64.8 ± 3.8 kg and 89.7 ± 4.4 kg to determine the biochemical CH₄ potential (BMP) of the feces in batch experiments. The enteric CH₄ production expressed per TF intake was affected by the type of TF, with the lowest CH₄ production obtained when pigs were fed a WB diet (P &lt; 0.02). However, the decreased methanogenesis in the hindgut of the pigs was counteracted by the increased BMP₉₀ of the feces. On the other hand, although feeding pigs with an SBP diet resulted in the highest enteric CH₄ production, the CH₄ derived from feces also remained high. In conclusion, the fiber type alters the methanogenesis in the hindgut of pigs and the subsequent BMP₉₀ of the feces, and, therefore, needs to be considered during diet formulation in the context of minimizing enteric CH₄ production and maximizing the BMP₉₀ of the feces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of total calcium-to-total phosphorus ratio on the calcium and phosphorus digestibility and growth performance of growing pigs","authors":"S.C. Cao ,&nbsp;J.F. Zhao ,&nbsp;P.C. Xue ,&nbsp;H.X. Zhai ,&nbsp;L. Chen ,&nbsp;H.F. Zhang ,&nbsp;J.B. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the impact of total Ca:total P on the Ca and P digestibility and growth performance of pigs. Two experiments were performed. In experiment 1, a total of 2688 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire barrows with initial body weight (BW) of 50.1 ± 0.8 kg were blocked by BW and randomly allocated into eight treatment groups using a randomised complete block design with 12 replicate groups containing 28 pigs per group. The eight experimental treatments consisted of two phytase levels (0 and 800 FTU/kg) and four total Ca:total P levels (0.80, 1.05, 1.30 and 1.55) in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. In experiment 2, forty Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire barrows (initial BW = 35.6 ± 0.3 kg) were housed individually in 20 stainless steel metabolism cages. The barrows were blocked by BW and randomly allocated into four treatment groups using a randomised complete block design with 10 replicate pigs per group. The experimental treatments consisted of two phytase levels (0 and 800 FTU/kg) and two total Ca:total P levels (0.80 and 1.55) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. All faeces and urine were collected to determine the digestion and retention of Ca and P. The performance results of growing pigs in response to increasing total Ca:total P showed that adding phytase to diets increased (P &lt; 0.05) final BW (FBW), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake during days 0–42. Increasing total Ca:total P quadratically decreased FBW and ADG (P &lt; 0.05) and tended to interact with supplemental phytase for FBW and ADG (P &lt; 0.10). Total Ca:total P quadratically decreased gain:feed (P = 0.044) not affected by interaction effects. In experiment 2, the results of Ca and P digestibility analysis showed that adding phytase to the diet increased Ca and P digestibility and retention (P &lt; 0.05). Total Ca:total P decreased P digestibility (P &lt; 0.001). The tendency of interaction effects between phytase and total Ca:total P was observed on P digestibility (P = 0.082) and apparent total tract digestible P content (P = 0.091). Interactions between phytase and total Ca:total P were observed (P = 0.033) on Ca retention, with total Ca:total P increasing Ca retention in diets without phytase and decreasing Ca retention when phytase was added. Digestibility of Ca tended to be influenced (P = 0.075) by interactions between phytase and total Ca:total P, with the total Ca:total P increasing digestibility of Ca in diets without phytase and decreasing digestibility of Ca when phytase was added. In summary, total Ca:total P may negatively affect the digestibility of P and the efficacy of phytase. Increasing the total Ca:total P may decrease the growth performance of growing pigs. Adding phytase to the diet can ameliorate the negative impact of Ca.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal versus external fat in extrusion of dry expanded dog kibbles containing soy – Impact on process stability and product quality","authors":"Hee S. Kim,&nbsp;Logan Kilburn,&nbsp;Charles G. Aldrich,&nbsp;Hulya Dogan,&nbsp;Yonghui Li,&nbsp;Sajid Alavi","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pet food does not exceed 200 g/kg fat due to lubrication and related processing and product quality issues; however, increased fat is needed for premium pet foods. Use of whole soybeans (WSB) containing internal fat may alleviate this problem. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of fat levels and type (internal from WSB vs external by pumping soybean oil into the preconditioner) on process stability and product physicochemical characteristics during extrusion of dry dog food. Using a 2 <strong>×</strong> 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels of fat (high fat, 80 g/kg as-is basis; HF vs. low fat, 72 g/kg as-is basis; LF) and 3 fat insertion sites (no fat; NO vs. internal fat; IN, from WSB vs. external fat; EX, from soybean oil; SBO), six dog diets were produced by a single screw extruder. Physical properties and physicochemical characteristics of kibbles were analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed using a GLM procedure for mixed models with fat content and fat insertion site as fixed effects. Results were considered significant at P &lt; 0.05. The EX required the highest extruder screw speed (average; 404 rpm), to achieve the target bulk density, followed by IN and NO (351 and 309 rpm, respectively). The EX led to process instability including extruder surging, and higher variability in kibble dimensions as indicated by the calculated variance. The EX had higher sectional expansion index (SEI) and lower specific length (SL; P &lt; 0.05), leading to similar bulk density to IN and NO. The fat levels did not change the kibbles dimensions or bulk density (P &gt; 0.05), but affected texture and viscosity of the kibbles (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, SBO adversely affected extruder stability and product expansion compared to WSB. By utilizing WSB in the formula in exchange for liquid fat, the pet food industry might be able to increase the energy density and palatability of kibbles, while keeping cost of processing low.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the potential of Buriti and Bocaiuva fruit oils as nutritional additives for cattle in the feedlot","authors":"Jéssika Rodrigues de Figueiredo Moura ,&nbsp;Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ,&nbsp;Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo ,&nbsp;Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes ,&nbsp;Alexandre Menezes Dias ,&nbsp;Priscilla Dutra Teixeira ,&nbsp;Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo ,&nbsp;Ana Cristina Jacobowski ,&nbsp;Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães ,&nbsp;Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel ,&nbsp;Alexandre Guimarães Inácio ,&nbsp;Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva ,&nbsp;Lucimara Modesto Nonato ,&nbsp;Silvia Isabella Timoteo","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We hypothesized that the inclusion of oils from Brazilian Cerrado biome fruits (Buriti oil or Bocaiuva oil) as additives in diets for cattle in the feedlot can increase the animals' productive efficiency. The objective was to evaluate the productive performance, metabolic parameters, carcass, and meat characteristics of Nellore young bulls fed wax-coated nitrogen additives with or without oil in a feedlot diet. Twenty-four non-castrated Nellore young bulls were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six animals per treatment, kept in individual pens. The animals began the experimental period with an average body weight of 331.8 ± 25.0 kg. The treatments consisted of a total ratio with (1) Control – without wax-coated nitrogen and oil; (2) wax-coated nitrogen additive without oil, (3) wax-coated nitrogen additive with Buriti oil, (4) wax-coated nitrogen additive with Bocaiuva oil. Animals fed wax-coated nitrogen additive with oils had greater DMI (<em>P</em> = 0.01) than animals fed no oils. Nellore young bulls fed wax-coated nitrogen additive with oils had greater average daily gain during the first 50 days (<em>P</em> = 0.04) and tended to have greater during the first 85 days (<em>P</em> = 0.07) and the overall period (<em>P</em> = 0.10). There were no treatment effects (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.17) on hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, subcutaneous fat, ribeye area, or final carcass pH, and meat quality parameters. Longissimus muscle of animals fed a control diet without additives had low concentrations of 16:0, 16:1, 18:1n9c, sum of monounsaturated (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The inclusion of oil increased C16:0, and C16:1 and decreased C18:3n3 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.04). Including oil from Brazilian Cerrado biome fruits increases Nellore young bulls' nutrient intake and improves gain in the feedlot without negatively affecting carcass characteristics and beef quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production region does not influence digestibility of calcium or phosphorus in sunflower co-products fed to growing pigs, but microbial phytase increases digestibility of both calcium and phosphorus","authors":"Jimena A. Ibagon,&nbsp;Charmaine D. Espinosa ,&nbsp;Hans H. Stein","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the geographical location of production of sunflower co-products does not affect the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P and Ca and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P. Six sources of sunflower meal (SFM) were obtained from the U.S. (two sources), Ukraine (two sources), Hungary, and Italy. A source of sunflower expellers (SFE) from the U.S. was also used. Seven diets were formulated by mixing each source of sunflower co-product with cornstarch; therefore, the sunflower co-product was the only source of P in these diets. Seven additional diets that were identical to the previous seven diets, with the exception that 300 units per kg of microbial phytase were added to each diet, were also formulated. A total of 112 barrows (initial body weight: 18.0 ± 1.4 kg) were allotted to the 14 diets using four blocks of 28 pigs, two pigs per diet in each block, and a total of eight replicate pigs per diet. Pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates to allow for the total collection of fecal materials for four days after seven days of adaptation to the diets. Diets and dried fecal samples were analyzed for dry matter, Ca, and P, and the ATTD of Ca and P, and STTD of P were calculated. Results indicated that diets containing phytase had greater (P &lt; 0.001) ATTD of Ca and P and greater (P &lt; 0.001) STTD of P than diets without phytase. Pigs fed the diet containing the SFE had reduced (P &lt; 0.05) ATTD and STTD of P compared with pigs fed diets containing SFM, but no differences in STTD of P among the six sources of SFM were observed. Pigs fed the diet containing one of the sources of SFM from the U.S. had greater (P &lt; 0.05) ATTD of Ca compared with pigs fed diets containing the Ukraine sources of SFM, but the ATTD of Ca was not different between SFM and SFE. In conclusion, there was no difference in the ATTD and STTD of P among SFM sources, but ATTD and STTD of P in SFE were less than in SFM. Small differences in the ATTD of Ca among SFM sources were calculated, but no difference between SFM and SFE was observed for ATTD of Ca. The ATTD and STTD of P and ATTD of Ca increased if microbial phytase was added to the diets containing SFM or SFE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the physical and chemical quality of Atlantic salmon feed with inclusion of full fat black soldier fly or mealworm meal: Extrusion trials and modelling","authors":"H. Cheng ,&nbsp;A. Thorsteinsdottir ,&nbsp;T.K. Dalsgaard ,&nbsp;M. Danielsen ,&nbsp;K.M. Zatti ,&nbsp;A.H. Feyissa","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The physical pellet quality parameters and the chemical changes due to the inclusion of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and mealworm (MW) in an Atlantic salmon feed were investigated in a laboratory extrusion system and compared to a commercial feed (control). The bulk density of the pellets containing BSFL was similar to the control, whereas the pellets containing MW had a lower bulk density compared to the control with no insect meal included. In addition, the hardness and durability values of the BSFL and MW recipes were similar to the control. Regarding the formation of Maillard reaction products, no significant changes were observed for carboxyethyllysine (CEL), carboxymethyllysine (CML), or furosine (FUR), nor for the cross-linkage products lanthionine (LAN), lysinoalanine (LAL), under different extrusion processing conditions. However, the inclusion of MW resulted in numerically higher levels of FUR. A dough viscosity-based model with modifications was applied to fit the extrusion trial data and to predict the relationship between extrusion variables and feed physical pellet quality parameters. The AAD% results of the model regression for BSFL and MW recipes were 4.0 % and 3.4 % for bulk density, 6.1 % and 6.3 % for hardness, 15.1 % and 14.0 % for oil adsorption, and 17.1 % and 35.8 % for durability, respectively. The prediction results demonstrate that the modified model can well predict the pellet bulk density and hardness for the extruded feeds inclusion of BSFL or MW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inclusion of Cnidoscolus chayamansa leaf meal improves growth, feed utilization, and coloration in goldfish (Carassius auratus)","authors":"Anurak Khieokhajonkhet ,&nbsp;Chalantorn Panwiset ,&nbsp;Niran Aeksiri ,&nbsp;Gen Kaneko ,&nbsp;Wilasinee Inyawilert ,&nbsp;Pollawat Panjasee ,&nbsp;Kunlayaphat Wuthijaree ,&nbsp;Pattaraporn Tatsapong ,&nbsp;Wutiporn Phromkunthong","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 10-week experiment was conducted to determine the effect of fish meal (FM) replacement with chaya leaf meal (CLM) on the growth performance, coloration, total carotenoids content, hematology, and histology of goldfish (<em>Carassius auratus</em>). Five isonitrogenous (426.64 g/kg of crude protein) and isolipidic (90.68 g/kg of crude lipid) diets were formulated. A control diet was formulated to replace 0 %, 8 %, 15 %, 25 %, and 35 % FM with CLM (corresponding to 74, 138, 225, and 315 g/kg CLM). A feeding trial was conducted using a total of 300 goldfish (10.03 ± 0.01 g/fish). Fifteen 120-liter glass tanks were each stocked with 20 fish. Dietary inclusion of CLM resulted in linear and quadratic increase in protein productive value (P &lt; 0.05), while no significant impact was observed on other growth and feed utilization parameters. A notably elevated whole-body protein content was observed with CLM138. Lipid and ash contents exhibited no significant variations. The redness (a* value) and yellowness (b* value) of the head, abdomen, and tail regions increased linearly and quadratically in all CLM replacement groups. The highest redness was observed in head, abdominal, and tail regions of the CLM315 group. Moreover, fish fed CLM315 exhibited linear and quadratic increase of total carotenoid in fin, liver, and serum, while only a linear effect was observed in muscle carotenoid content. Similarly, CLM replacement linearly increased red blood cell, white blood cell, and hematocrit, as well as total cholesterol and HDL-c contents (P &lt; 0.05). In accordance with growth performance, histological observation revealed that goldfish receiving dietary CLM did not show any alternations in liver hepatocytes. These results clearly demonstrate that CLM can replace FM up to 315 g/kg without any adverse effects on growth and feed utilization in goldfish. Moreover, this dietary CLM level enhances goldfish coloration, increases carotenoid content, and supports sustainable ornamental fish diets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replacement of chicken meal with full-fat locust meal in Golden Retriever dog food and its influence on palatability, digestibility, fecal quality, and immunity","authors":"Ibrar Ahmed,&nbsp;Fatma İnal","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.116191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past few years, the pet industrial and academic community have made significant attempts to find innovative substitutes for chicken meal to make dog foods more durable and efficient. The present study is the first application of full fat locust meal (LM) in dog (Golden Retriever) food. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase 18 mixed-sex Golden Retriever dogs were fed three diets: control diet, with no LM and 140 g/kg chicken meal (CM140); LM70-CM70 – with 70 g/kg full-fat LM and 70 g/kg CM; LM140 – with 140 g/kg full-fat LM and no CM for 15 days. The LM addition in dog food did not influence the body weight of dogs significantly. The dry matter and organic matter of all feeds containing CM and LM were not changed significantly whereas crude protein digestibility was significantly changed. The faecal parameters, including score, cumulative pH, ammonia, and volatile fatty acids were not affected by the addition of LM in dog food, whereas faecal pH on the fifth day was significantly reduced. In the second phase, 20 mixed-sex Golden Retriever dogs were fed two diets; CM140 and LM140 to check the palatability of the diets. The food selection in terms of consumption, preference and direction preference were not changed with the addition of LM in place of CM in dog food. It can be concluded from the present study that the replacement of CM with LM in dog food can be done without major negative consequences on the health status and overall performance of dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"320 ","pages":"Article 116191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}