Enhancing sustainable production efficiency in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through feed restriction strategies under conditions of industrial production

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116402

Rosendo L. Azcuy , Matías E. Casaretto , Adrián J. Hernández , Lorenzo Márquez , Francisco J. Moyano , Gabriel A. Morales

{"title":"Enhancing sustainable production efficiency in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through feed restriction strategies under conditions of industrial production","authors":"Rosendo L. Azcuy , Matías E. Casaretto , Adrián J. Hernández , Lorenzo Márquez , Francisco J. Moyano , Gabriel A. Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116402","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of different lengths of feed restriction pulses on compensatory growth, nutrient utilization, body compositions and organ indices of rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) during a five-week assay. Four feeding regimes were implemented: continuous feeding near-satiation, cycles of two days per week of fasting, one week feed restriction at maintenance level and re-feeding, and one week feed deprivation and re-feeding. These regimes were applied to triplicate groups of 2000 fish with an initial average weight and length of 66.4 ± 0.4 g and 17.2 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. Fish were allocated among 12 production-scale cages (80 m<sup>3</sup>) submerged in water at 15.2 ± 1.5 ºC. One week restriction or deprivation affected body condition factor, visceral index, lipid reserves and lipid energy/protein energy ratio without altering body protein levels. However, these values were restored to the levels of continuously fed fish after three weeks of refeeding, indicating partial compensatory responses in both restricted fish groups. Fish subjected to fasting cycles of two days per week exhibited not differences from continuously fed fish in growth parameters and whole-body composition, indicating a full compensatory response. Additionally, cycles of two days per week of fasting demonstrated lower weekly feed consumption (74.8 ± 1.5 vs. 87.9 ± 2.1 g fish<sup>−1</sup>), improved overall feed conversion ratio (1.00 ± 0.03 vs. 1.08 ± 0.03) and higher protein retention efficiency (30.5 ± 0.6 vs. 27.6 ± 0.6 %) than continuous feeding near-satiation. This resulted in reduced nitrogen discharge per tonne of fish produced in cages to the aquatic environment (45,5 ± 1.2 vs. 51.1 ± 0.8 kg t<sup>−1</sup>). These results suggest that compensatory growth response not only enhances feed conversion efficiency but also leads to higher nitrogen retention efficiency and a reduced nitrogen discharge into the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037784012500197X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the impact of different lengths of feed restriction pulses on compensatory growth, nutrient utilization, body compositions and organ indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during a five-week assay. Four feeding regimes were implemented: continuous feeding near-satiation, cycles of two days per week of fasting, one week feed restriction at maintenance level and re-feeding, and one week feed deprivation and re-feeding. These regimes were applied to triplicate groups of 2000 fish with an initial average weight and length of 66.4 ± 0.4 g and 17.2 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. Fish were allocated among 12 production-scale cages (80 m³) submerged in water at 15.2 ± 1.5 ºC. One week restriction or deprivation affected body condition factor, visceral index, lipid reserves and lipid energy/protein energy ratio without altering body protein levels. However, these values were restored to the levels of continuously fed fish after three weeks of refeeding, indicating partial compensatory responses in both restricted fish groups. Fish subjected to fasting cycles of two days per week exhibited not differences from continuously fed fish in growth parameters and whole-body composition, indicating a full compensatory response. Additionally, cycles of two days per week of fasting demonstrated lower weekly feed consumption (74.8 ± 1.5 vs. 87.9 ± 2.1 g fish⁻¹), improved overall feed conversion ratio (1.00 ± 0.03 vs. 1.08 ± 0.03) and higher protein retention efficiency (30.5 ± 0.6 vs. 27.6 ± 0.6 %) than continuous feeding near-satiation. This resulted in reduced nitrogen discharge per tonne of fish produced in cages to the aquatic environment (45,5 ± 1.2 vs. 51.1 ± 0.8 kg t⁻¹). These results suggest that compensatory growth response not only enhances feed conversion efficiency but also leads to higher nitrogen retention efficiency and a reduced nitrogen discharge into the environment.

查看原文本刊更多论文

工业化生产条件下，通过限制饲料策略提高虹鳟鱼的可持续生产效率

在为期5周的试验中，研究了不同长度的限饲脉冲对虹鳟鱼代偿生长、营养物质利用、体成分和器官指数的影响。试验采用4种饲喂方式：连续接近饱食、每周禁食2天、1周限饲维持水平并重新饲喂、1周剥夺饲料并重新饲喂。这些方案分别应用于初始平均体重和长度分别为66.4 ± 0.4 g和17.2 ± 0.1 cm的3个重复组2000尾鱼。鱼被分配在12个生产规模网箱（80 m3）中，网箱浸泡在15.2 ± 1.5ºC的水中。一周的限制或剥夺影响了身体状况因子、内脏指数、脂质储备和脂质能量/蛋白质能量比，但没有改变身体蛋白质水平。然而，这些值在三周后恢复到连续喂食鱼的水平，表明两组限制鱼都有部分代偿反应。每周禁食两天的鱼与连续喂养的鱼在生长参数和全身成分方面没有差异，表明有充分的代偿反应。此外,每周禁食两天证明低周期每周饲料消费(74.8 ±  1.5和87.9±2.1  g鱼−1),整体提高饲料转化率(1.00 ±  0.03和1.08±0.03 )和更高的蛋白质保留效率(30.5 ±  0.6和27.6±0.6  %)比连续喂near-satiation。这导致笼中生产的每吨鱼向水生环境的氮排放量减少（45,5 ± 1.2 vs. 51.1 ± 0.8 kg t - 1）。综上所述，补偿性生长响应不仅提高了饲料转化效率，而且提高了氮素滞留效率，减少了氮素向环境中的排放。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Animal Feed Science and Technology 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding. Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome. The journal covers the following areas: Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement) Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins) Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.