Effect of multi-species probiotic as a functional feed additive on immune response, health status, and offspring quality of female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeders

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116403

Erfan Akbari Nargesi , Mir Masoud Sajjadi , Bahram Falahatkar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As a functional feed additive, probiotics have the potential to improve the health status of fish and enhance the quality of offspring. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-species probiotic supplementation on immunological parameters, enzyme activities, stress response, and alevins' malformations in female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeders. To achieve this goal, a total of 60 three-year-old female breeders with an average initial weight of 2267.4 ± 54.9 g were randomly divided into four groups (in triplicate) and fed diets (twice a day up to satiation) containing 0 (P0), 1 × 10⁹ (P1), 2 × 10⁹ (P2), and 4 × 10⁹ (P4) colony-forming unit (CFU) of commercial multi-species probiotics (contains eight bacterial and one yeast species) kg⁻¹ of diet for eight weeks. In the experiment, fish were placed in twelve different sections (three sections per feed) in a flow-through system, each with a water volume of 4 m³ . Blood samples were collected after the end of the feeding trial from the caudal vein of three fish per replicate using a heparinized syringe both before and after stripping. According to the results, the complement component 3, complement component 4, and immunoglobulin M concentrations significantly increased in the P4 treatment compared to the P0 group (P < 0.05). Plasma enzyme activities were significantly reduced following multi-strain probiotics administration in P2 and P1-treated fish (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in plasma ions concentration among the experimental groups. For the stress indicators, breeders of P4 treatment showed significantly lower cortisol (41.0 ± 5.2 ng mL⁻¹) and glucose (151.5 ± 3.3 mg dL⁻¹) concentrations compared to the P0 fish, which had represented cortisol and glucose levels of 71.8 ± 4.0 ng mL⁻¹ and 184.9 ± 5.8 mg dL⁻¹, respectively (P < 0.05). Moreover, the administration of multi-species probiotics decreased the percentage of yolk-sac resorption defects (up to 17.9 %) and total malformations (up to 0.24 %) in the offspring of P2 and P4 treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, multi-species probiotics supplementation in the diet (i.e., the level of 4 × 10⁹ CFU kg⁻¹) of female rainbow trout breeders could be suggested as a functional feed additive to improve immune response, well-being, and offspring quality.

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多种益生菌作为功能性饲料添加剂对虹鳟鱼雌性育种者免疫反应、健康状况和后代品质的影响

益生菌作为一种功能性饲料添加剂，具有改善鱼类健康状况和提高后代品质的潜力。本研究旨在探讨添加多种益生菌对虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）雌性育种者免疫参数、酶活性、应激反应和alevins畸形的影响。为了实现这一目标,总共60三岁女育种者平均初始体重2267.4 ±54.9  g被随机分为四组(一式三份)和美联储饮食(一天两次满足)包含0 (P0), 1 × 109 (P1), 2 × 109 (P2),和4 × 109 (P4)克隆形成单位(CFU)商业大型化益生菌(包含八个细菌和酵母的物种)公斤−1 8周的饮食。在实验中，鱼被放置在一个流经系统中的12个不同的部分（每个饲料三个部分），每个部分的水量为4 m³ 。饲养试验结束后，每个重复取三条鱼的尾静脉，在剥离前后分别用肝素化注射器采集血样。结果显示，与P0组相比，P4组补体成分3、补体成分4和免疫球蛋白M浓度显著升高（P <； 0.05）。多菌种益生菌对P2和p1处理鱼的血浆酶活性显著降低（P <； 0.05）。各组间等离子体离子浓度差异无统计学意义。压力指标,饲养者P4治疗显示显著降低皮质醇(41.0 ±5.2  ng 毫升−1)和葡萄糖(151.5 ±3.3  mg dL−1)浓度相比P0鱼,代表皮质醇和血糖水平的71.8 ±4.0  ng 毫升 −1和184.9±5.8  mg dL−1,分别(P & lt; 0.05)。此外，在P2和P4处理的后代中，多物种益生菌的使用降低了卵黄囊吸收缺陷的百分比（高达17.9 %）和总畸形（高达0.24 %）（P <； 0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加4 × 109 CFU kg−1的多品种益生菌可作为功能性饲料添加剂，提高雌性虹鳟鱼的免疫应答、健康状况和后代质量。

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来源期刊

Animal Feed Science and Technology 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding. Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome. The journal covers the following areas: Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement) Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins) Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.