Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Fermented soybean meal and soy protein concentrate had greater digestible energy but similar amino acid digestibility compared with soybean meal fed to weanling pigs","authors":"Yoon Soo Song,&nbsp;Beob Gyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to determine energy concentrations and amino acid (AA) digestibility in soybean meal (SBM), 3 sources of fermented SBM (FSBM), and soy protein concentrate (SPC) fed to weanling pigs. In experiment 1, twelve barrows (initial body weight = 8.7 kg ± 0.5) were used to measure digestible energy and metabolizable energy (ME) in the soybean products in a replicated 6 × 4 incomplete Latin square design. A basal diet consisted of 969 g/kg corn as the sole energy source. Five experimental diets were formulated by replacing corn in the basal diet with SBM at 310 g/kg, FSBM-A at 270 g/kg, FSBM-B at 260 g/kg, FSBM-C at 290 g/kg, and SPC at 240 g/kg. In experiment 2, ten barrows (initial body weight = 10.5 kg ± 0.9) equipped with a T-cannula at the distal ileum were employed to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design. Five experimental diets contained SBM, 3 sources of FSBM, or SPC as the sole source of AA. The index method was employed for determining AA digestibility. The ME in FSBM-A and FSBM-B was greater (P &lt; 0.05) compared with SBM but not different from the ME in FSBM-C or SPC. The SID of most AA in the 3 sources of FSBM was comparable to SBM or SPC. Overall, 2 of the FSBM sources had greater energy values compared with SBM but did not have different SID of AA compared with SBM or SPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of β-glucan derived from Euglena gracilis during late gestation and lactation in sows increases colostrum immunoglobulin G levels and enhances piglet performance","authors":"Jakavat Ruampatana ,&nbsp;Takele Feyera ,&nbsp;Junpen Suwimonteerabutr ,&nbsp;Unchean Yamsrikaew ,&nbsp;Morakot Nuntapaitoon","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prebiotics are widely used in the swine industry to enhance sow and piglet performance. <em>Euglena gracilis</em>, a β-glucan-rich prebiotic derived from algae, has shown potential to enhance immunity and promote growth of animals. This study evaluated the effects of maternal <em>E. gracilis</em> supplementation during late gestation and lactation on sows reproductive and piglet performances, serum and colostrum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations, and colostrum and milk compositions. A total of 61 crossbred sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were categorized into parity classes and randomly assigned to either a standard diet (control; <em>n</em> = 30) or the standard diet supplemented with 1 g per day of <em>E.gracilis</em> (<em>E.gracilis</em>; <em>n</em> = 31) from day 85 of gestation to day 21 of lactation. Sow and piglet performances were monitored from birth until day 21 of lactation. Blood and colostrum samples from sows at farrowing and piglet blood samples on day 21 of lactation were analyzed for IgG, IgA, and IgM. Colostrum and milk samples (days 3 and 10 of lactation) were evaluated for chemical compositions. Supplementation of <em>E. gracilis</em> did not affect sow reproductive performance. However, piglets suckled by <em>E. gracilis</em>-supplemented sows had greater body weight on day 21 of lactation than those from the control group (<em>P</em> = 0.047). Colostrum samples collected from <em>E. gracilis</em> supplemented sows had greater concentrations of IgG (<em>P</em> = 0.036), protein (<em>P</em> = 0.012), casein (<em>P</em> = 0.008), and Brix index (<em>P</em> = 0.043) compared to the control group. However, the chemical composition of milk on days 3 and 10 of lactation did not differ between the groups. Piglets suckled by sows supplemented with <em>E. gracilis</em> had lower serum IgM level than those suckled by the control sows (<em>P</em> = 0.007). In conclusion, <em>E. gracilis</em> supplementation in sow diet during late gestation and lactation enhanced colostrum quality, thereby enhancing piglet growth during the suckling period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between sainfoin proanthocyanidins and in vitro fermentation depending on time of harvest and level of inclusion in the diet","authors":"Clàudia Baila ,&nbsp;Sandra Lobón ,&nbsp;Mireia Blanco ,&nbsp;Isabel Casasús ,&nbsp;Margalida Joy","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of active proanthocyanidins (PAC) from sainfoin, either fresh or dehydrated included in the finishing concentrate of lambs, on <em>in vitro</em> ruminal fermentation parameters, by including polyethylene glycol to block PAC. Total gas and methane productions, ammonia (NH₃-N), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were analyzed in fresh and in dehydrated sainfoin included in concentrates for finishing lambs at different rates (0 %, 20 % and 40 %), and ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) only in the latter. Under the conditions of the present <em>in vitro</em> study, active PAC from fresh and dehydrated sainfoin reduced the production of gas and methane (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), with no effect on total VFA (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The presence of active PAC reduced NH₃-N content in fresh sainfoin (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), whereas the lower PAC contents in concentrates including dehydrated sainfoin only elicited a tendency (<em>P</em> = 0.06). The presence of sainfoin PAC in the concentrate decreased the BH extent and promoted the <em>trans</em>-11 BH pathway (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The inclusion of sainfoin in the diet of lambs produced a nonlinear effect concerning gas production, with a decrease only when dehydrated sainfoin was included in the concentrate at 20 %. In contrast, a reduction in methane production was only obtained with a 40 % sainfoin addition. The inclusion of dehydrated sainfoin in the concentrate decreased the ruminal percentage of branched-chain fatty acids (FA; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and increased most of the <em>trans</em>-monounsaturated FA, C18:3 n-3, and BH intermediates (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dry ensiling and toasting on nutrient concentrations, antinutritional compounds, and the formation of Maillard polymers in field pea grains","authors":"Martin Bachmann ,&nbsp;Christian Kuhnitzsch ,&nbsp;Monika Wensch-Dorendorf ,&nbsp;Thomas Hofmann ,&nbsp;Thomas Henle ,&nbsp;Jörg M. Greef ,&nbsp;Siriwan D. Martens ,&nbsp;Annette Zeyner ,&nbsp;Olaf Steinhöfel","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of dry ensiling of field pea grains and toasting of the ensiled pea grains on crude nutrient concentrations and the energy value, starch morphology, protein fractions and solubility, formation of Maillard polymers, and trypsin inhibitor activity were studied. A total of 27.3 t pea grains, harvested at 786 g dry matter (DM)/kg, was ensiled in a silage bag for 9 months using lactic acid bacteria inoculants. The ensiled grains were toasted using a mobile toaster with a grain temperature graduated between 60 and 110 °C. The dry silage had a pH of 6.1 and mainly lactic acid (3.7 g/kg DM) and acetic acid (1.8 g/kg DM) were produced. The dry silage was stable for at least 7 days under aerobic storage conditions. Dry ensiling led to a reduction of acid detergent fibre, whereas the sugar concentration increased 1.7-fold (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Subsequent toasting increased the fibre fractions and decreased sugar and non-fibre carbohydrates concentration, starting at 80 °C grain temperature (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The crude protein (CP) concentration remained unaffected. Estimated concentrations of metabolizable energy (ME) for dairy cows and horses, ME for swine (MES), or nitrogen-corrected apparent ME (AMEN) were not affected by dry ensiling. Toasting mainly affected AMEN, which decreased by 1 MJ/kg DM between 60 and 110 °C grain temperature. Dry ensiling and toasting did not or just marginally alter starch granule morphology. Ensiling and toasting distinctly changed CP fractions. Following dry ensiling, soluble protein was reduced from 73 % to 33 % of CP (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Toasting led to a further decrease in soluble protein to 11 % of CP (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Toasting increased irreversibly insoluble parts of CP, starting at 80 °C grain temperature (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Lysine was 11.6 g/kg DM in native and 9.6 g/kg DM in ensiled pea grains (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Fuctoselysine, carboxymethyllysine, and pyrraline increased 26- (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), 28- (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), and 8-fold (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) after dry ensiling, respectively. Toasting decreased lysine starting at 80 °C (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Lysine adducts specifically changed, with pyrraline massively increased at any stage of temperature increase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Arginine was 7.6 g/kg DM in native peas. The arginine adduct methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone was tripled after dry ensiling (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and increased throughout toasting temperature stages (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The native pea grains contained 3.8 g inhibited trypsin/kg DM, which only toasting reduced starting at 80 °C (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). To avoid fixing the pea protein, a maximum temperature of 80 °C in the grain should not be exceeded, which, however, limits meaningful application of heat treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity and silage quality of forage from intercropped silage maize and perennial legumes","authors":"Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Tjeerd-Jan Stomph ,&nbsp;Yingjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingying Jing ,&nbsp;Paul C. Struik","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intercropping provides options for on-farm production of high-quality silage. Here, alfalfa, white clover and red clover were grown with maize in 50 %/50 %, strip intercrops fertilized at 100 or 250 kg N ha⁻¹ during 2021–2023. Fresh materials from the final harvests of intercrops and sole crops were ensiled as well as their mixtures at two ratios (80 %/20 %; 60 %/40 % maize/perennial legume), with an average dry matter content of 350 g kg FM⁻¹. Dry matter, crude protein, starch, acid detergent fibre, and neutral detergent fibre concentrations were assessed using wet chemical analyses. Silage from mixtures attained higher concentrations for crude protein and starch and lower concentrations for acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre (g kg DM⁻¹) than mixing silages of sole maize and sole legume. However, the dry matter yield of silage (Mg ha⁻¹) produced from maize-perennial legume intercropping was lower, albeit of higher silage quality than sole maize silage. The land equivalent ratio was 1.20 ± 0.04 for maize-white clover in 2023. Silage productivity and quality were better at high than at low N input. We found quality advantages of ensiling maize-perennial legume mixtures. However, either a 20 % or 40 % perennial legume mixing proportion in the mixed silage with maize is hard to attain through maize-perennial legume intercropping as legumes produced little at their final cuts, due to shading. Nevertheless, maize-red clover mixed silage increased quality, likely through quality changes in maize biomass. Intercropping did not allow to reduce N input while maintaining silage dry matter yield and quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bacillus Licheniformis supplementation on growth performance, health status, and oxidative stress in male dairy calves during the weaning transition period","authors":"Yulin Ma ,&nbsp;Yubin Ma ,&nbsp;Shuangming Yang,&nbsp;Yuchen Cheng,&nbsp;Wenyi Ren,&nbsp;Xiaonv Liu,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Yan Kang,&nbsp;Haibo Li,&nbsp;Lili Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> (BL) supplementation on growth performance, health status, blood metabolic parameters, inflammatory responses, and intestinal permeability in Holstein dairy calves during the weaning transition. Sixteen male Holstein calves, averaging an initial body weight (BW) of 60 ± 5.0 kg at 35 days of age, were divided into two groups: a control group (milk replacer without BL) and a BL-supplemented group (milk replacer with 0.5 g of BL per head per day). The calves were weaned on day 75 (d 75) and monitored until day 90 (d 90). Results indicated that BL supplementation significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), although it did not affect starter intake, hay intake, BW, or feed efficiency (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Notable increases in withers height on days 75 and 89 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and body circumference on day 65 were observed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Conversely, a decrease in body length was noted on days 50 and 65 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Immunological activity improved in the BL-supplemented calves, demonstrated by elevated levels of IL-10 and IgG (initially) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and a decrease in TNF-α concentration by day 14 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, BL supplementation enhanced catalase (CAT) levels on days 3 and 14, and malondialdehyde (MDA) on days 1 and 7(<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with a notable reduction in fecal MDA concentrations on day 7 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, BL supplementation not only enhanced growth performance and immune function but also bolstered antioxidant capacity and mitigated intestinal oxidative stress in dairy calves during the weaning transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot water crude extracts of green seaweed, Chaetomorpha linum, used as feed additives improve the growth, feed efficiency, and health of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae","authors":"Huynh Truong Giang,&nbsp;Levis Nambwaya Sirikwa,&nbsp;Tran Nguyen Duy Khoa,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh,&nbsp;Quoc Viet Le,&nbsp;Dang Thi Hoang Oanh,&nbsp;Tran Ngoc Hai","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation was conducted to assess the impacts of hot water crude extracts of the green seaweed <em>Chaetomorpha linum</em> (HWCL) as a feed additive on the growth, feed efficiency, salinity stress tolerance, and bacterial resistance of the whiteleg shrimp <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> postlarvae (PL)<em>.</em> To initiate the experiment, shrimp PL with an average initial weight of 0.038 g, were assigned to different dietary groups. These groups received commercially available feed supplemented with varying concentrations of HWCL: 0 % (control), 0.3 %, 0.6 %, 0.9 %, and 1.2 %. A random set-up with three replicates in fifteen 500-L tanks was adopted with a stocking rate of 1000 PL/m³ at water salinity of 15 ppt. After the 30-day growth trial, shrimp fed a diet supplemented with 0.6 % HWCL exhibited the most significant improvement in weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control and other groups. In addition, experimental shrimp were exposed to abrupt low (15 ppt to 0.5 ppt) and high (15 ppt to 50 ppt) salinity shocks for 150 min. Shrimp received diets supplemented with HWCL displayed significantly lower cumulative mortality rates compared to the control group. The remaining shrimp were then reared for another 12 days (individual weight ≥1.5 g) after which their health status was evaluated using an immersion challenge test. This test exposed the shrimp to pathogenic bacteria, <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em>, at a concentration of 3.3 × 10⁴ CFU/mL, for 14 days. The findings revealed that hemato-immunological component, including total hemocyte count, hyaline and granular cells, phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, and respiratory burst activities, were all significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) in shrimp fed HWCL diets compared to the control group, both before the challenge (Day 0) and 7 days after exposure to the harmful bacteria. This enhanced immune response correlated with significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05) cumulative mortality rates in the HWCL-fed groups compared to the control at Day 14. Notably, the 0.6 % HWCL diet achieved the optimal balance between growth performance, FCR and improved stress tolerance against abrupt salinity changes and <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> infection. Additionally, the highest tested concentration (1.2 % HWCL) yielded the greatest level of stress and pathogen resistance, but it also caused a significant reduction in growth rate and an increase in FCR. These results indicate that effective use of HWCL at 0.6 % dietary inclusion promotes growth, feed utilization efficiency, and the health of whiteleg shrimp postlarvae during the nursery phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on rumen fermentation parameters, microbial diversity and metabolites of fermented feed in vitro","authors":"Xue Wu ,&nbsp;Siyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Tian ,&nbsp;Liyuan Yun ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Yujia Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was conducted to investigate the effects of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (SC) and <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> (LP) on rumen fermentation, rumen microflora and rumen microbial metabolism by using SC and LP to ferment crop processing by-products. Treatments were as follows: Control (fermented feed); SC group (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> addition group); LP group (<em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> addition group); SCLP group (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> and <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> addition group). The treatment groups were subjected to <em>in vitro</em> rumen fermentation for 48 h using fermentation bags. The results demonstrated that supplementing with SC, LP, and SCLP decreases NDF and ADF concentrations, with SC and SCLP also exhibiting a notable increase in crude protein (CP) content. The abundance of nutrient degrading bacteria such as <em>Spirochaetes</em> and <em>Fibroatheroma</em> in the rumen microbiota of the SCLP group increased, facilitating more effective breakdown and uptake of essential nutrients. Compared with the CON, in the LP group and SCLP group, the metabolites of the Glycine/serine/threonine metabolism pathways, Protein digestion and absorption pathways, and Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway were up-regulated. Moreover, the metabolites of vitamin digestion and absorption pathways and mineral absorption pathways were significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, the synergistic effect of using <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> and <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> fermented feed can improve the nutritional level of fermented feed, regulate the rumen environment, and enhance the digestion and utilization of feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding a high-density pellet improves the size homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)","authors":"Ana Beatriz de S. Farias ,&nbsp;Armando G. Prestes ,&nbsp;Francisco de M. Dantas ,&nbsp;César A. Oishi ,&nbsp;Yugo M. Pastrana ,&nbsp;Fernando Y. Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Thaís B. Carvalho ,&nbsp;Ligia U. Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of bulk feed density on feeding behavior, aggressiveness, growth performance, and homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). It consisted of three experiments. The first experiment assessed the extrusion process and physical characteristics of diets with different extrusion settings, resulting in high-density pellets (HDP), medium-density pellets (MDP), and low-density pellets (LDP). The second experiment evaluated the growth performance and homogeneity of juvenile tambaqui (23.3 ± 1.7 g, 11.4 ± 0.3 cm) fed these diets. A total of 225 fish were distributed across 15 tanks (500 L, 15 fish/tank) and fed four times daily for nine weeks. The third experiment observed behavioral interactions, including feeding and aggression, by monitoring fish for 360 minutes over three days. Results showed that pellet physical characteristics were significantly influenced by extrusion settings, except for water solubility and absorption. In experiment two, the feed density (HDP, MDP, or LDP) did not affect weight gain, but the coefficient of variation values indicated that fish fed HDP were more homogeneous, with a coefficient of variation of 5.76 %. In experiment three, fish fed MDP exhibited more aggressiveness and social instability. In conclusion, tambaqui fed HDP showed a more stable social hierarchy, less aggression, and smaller size variation, suggesting that HDP may lead to more homogeneous batches during the grow-out stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotechnological approaches to enhance nutrient bio-accessibility from algal biomasses: A comparative study of enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation","authors":"Jorge García-Márquez ,&nbsp;Alejandro Morcillo-Guillén ,&nbsp;Daniel Álvarez-Torres ,&nbsp;Alba Galafat ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Moriñigo ,&nbsp;Roberto T. Abdala-Díaz ,&nbsp;Julia Béjar ,&nbsp;Antonio Jesús Vizcaíno ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Alarcón-López","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing nutrient bio-accessibility from algal biomasses is essential for maximizing their potential in fish nutrition and health applications. This study evaluates the protein bio-accessibility of a blend of algae composed of several species (<em>Arthrospira</em> sp., <em>Chlorella</em> sp., <em>Microchloropsis</em> sp., <em>Tisochrysis</em> sp., and <em>Ulva</em> sp.) as potential functional ingredient for <em>Chelon labrosus</em>. Different biotechnological treatments, including enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial fermentation, and a combination of both, were applied to improve the availability of key algal compounds. All treatments led to a significant increase in the release of reducing sugars, amino acids, polyphenols, and soluble proteins compared to the untreated algal blend. Cytotoxicity was also evaluated to ensure the safety of each processed algae blend. In the final stage, an <em>in vitro</em> digestive simulation assay using <em>C. labrosus</em> intestinal enzymes was conducted to assess the bio-accessibility of proteins, carbohydrates, and polyphenols from both untreated and treated algae. Results indicated that the sequential biotechnological treatment –consisting of an enzymatic hydrolysis followed by a microbial fermentation– was the most effective in enhancing the availability of valuable nutrients such as reducing sugars, amino acids, and polyphenols. This sequential approach significantly improved nutrient bio-accessibility, making it a promising strategy for aquafeed formulations. The study provides a basis for the development of nutritionally optimized, algae-based ingredients for aquaculture feeds, especially for species like mullets, which have specific digestive enzyme profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}