Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Can feedlot cattle increase productivity and decrease methane emissions by lowering the straw particle size?","authors":"Amira Arbaoui ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Gonzalo ,&nbsp;Alejandro Belanche ,&nbsp;Antonio de Vega","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to assess the effect of using ground and pelleted straw, instead of straw in the long form, on feed utilization by and methane production from feedlot cattle. Eighteen Montbéliarde cross bred male beef calves (358 ± 3,8 kg and 251 ± 0,5 days) were assigned to two treatments (9 animals per treatment) in a Randomized Complete Block Design: large straw (LS), and ground (6 mm sieve) and pelleted (8 mm granule diameter) straw (PS), both offered <em>ad libitum</em>. All animals were fitted in the dorsal sac of the rumen with a 15 mm internal diameter permanent cannula, and consumed the same concentrate <em>ad libitum</em>. Average daily gain, and intake of straw and concentrate, were recorded through a sixteen-week period. Digestibility was estimated using chromic oxide as marker, and rumen liquid and gas samples were obtained at different times of the day in two occasions during the experimental period to characterize rumen fermentation. Abundance of total bacteria, methanogens, protozoa and anaerobic fungi was also analysed. All animals were slaughtered at a target LW of 500 kg, and dressing percentage and carcass classification were obtained from the slaughterhouse. All data were analysed using the PROC MIXED of SAS. The results showed that the particle size of straw had not a significant effect (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) on final live weight (LW), average daily gain, carcass dressing percentage, intake of straw, concentrate, dry matter or digestible organic matter, digestibility values, production of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), and abundance of microorganisms in the rumen. However, animals fed pelleted straw had lower rumen pH (5.97 vs 6.43, P = 0,0423), and tended to have lower rumen protozoal concentration (P = 0.0826), suggesting a higher risk of experiencing rumen acidosis than those fed long straw. In conclusion, reducing the particle size of straw does not seem a suitable strategy to reduce methane production or prevent rumen acidosis in feedlot cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary vitamin A supplementation on growth, immune response, and lipid metabolism in mid-stage Epinephelus coioides","authors":"Alatwinusa Yohana Mpwaga ,&nbsp;Ray Watson Gyan ,&nbsp;Ming Yan Ding ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi ,&nbsp;Qihui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a 70-day experiment, we conducted a study to investigate the impact of vitamin A supplementation on growth performance, immunology, and fat metabolites in mid-stage groupers (<em>Epinephelus coioides</em>). The experimental diets were enriched with six different levels of vitamin A: 0 (control group), 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, and 20,000 IUVAkg-1. Each group in the experiment consisted of three replicates, totaling 540 fish randomly distributed among 30 tanks, with an initial average weight of 81.50 ± 0.05 g. The findings of the study revealed that the group supplemented with 1000 IU/kg of vitamin A exhibited the highest weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), as well as the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). No mortality was observed in any of the treatment groups. Additionally, the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) increased with higher levels of vitamin A supplementation, with the control group displaying the lowest value. The 1000 IU/kg treatment showed the highest serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, indicating that adequate vitamin A intake can protect the antioxidant system from oxidative stress. Furthermore, fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA activity was up-regulated in fish fed with increasing dietary vitamin A. The broken-line regression model can accurately represent the correlation between WGR and the optimal vitamin A dosage in <em>E. coioides</em> during the mid-stage. This model indicates that the ideal vitamin A dose for optimal results is 1493 IU/kg. This dosage has enhanced growth performance, boosted immune response, and improved lipid metabolism in <em>E. coioides</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytase top-coated onto extruded all-vegetable diets reduces the need for dicalcium phosphate and decreases phosphorus loss in fast-growing juvenile Nile tilapia","authors":"Tânia Cristina Pontes ,&nbsp;Johnny Martins de Brito ,&nbsp;Thais Pereira da Cruz ,&nbsp;Bruno Wernick ,&nbsp;Valéria Rossetto Barriviera Furuya ,&nbsp;Wilson Massamitu Furuya","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of reducing dietary dicalcium phosphate (DP) levels by supplementing liquid-form phytase (PHY) at 1000 PHY units (FTU)/kg diet on growth performance, vertebral mineralization, plasma parameters, and phosphorus (P) loss of juvenile Nile tilapia, <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>. Fish (<em>n</em> = 240; 12.1 ± 0.4 g) were distributed into 20–70 L each aquarium in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates of 12 fish each. Dietary treatments comprised a nutritionally adequate positive control diet containing 300.5 g/kg crude protein, 18.9 MJ/kg digestible energy and 8.6 g/kg available P (PC); a P-deficient negative control diet without DP or PHY (NC); and three additional diets based on the NC diet: one without DP (NC1) plus PHY, one with 10 g/kg DP (NC2) plus PHY, and one with 20 g/kg DP (NC3) plus PHY. Fish were hand-fed 6 times daily until apparent satiety for 8 weeks. Fish fed PC and NC2 diets displayed similar body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), whole-body ash, calcium (Ca) and P, vertebrae Ca, P and manganese (Mn), and plasmatic P levels, which were higher than those fed NC diet. Feed efficiency ratio (FER), vertebrae zinc (Zn), plasmatic Ca, and cholesterol responses were not affected by dietary treatments. Compared to PC diet, fish fed NC2 diet showed markedly reduced lower P loss by −0.4 g/kg of BWG. This study identified PHY enabling a 20 g/kg reduction in dietary DP without negatively impacting the growth performance and health of juvenile Nile tilapia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of partial and complete replacement of fish oil with perilla oil on growth performance, feed efficiency, health status, and fatty acid accumulation in flesh of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) reared in freshwater","authors":"Siriporn Tola ,&nbsp;Mercy-Shalom Kehinde Adepoju ,&nbsp;Bundit Yuangsoi ,&nbsp;Siripavee Charoenwattanasak ,&nbsp;Kritsana Jatuwong ,&nbsp;Mintra Seel-audom","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of partial and complete replacement of fish oil with perilla oil on growth performance, feed efficiency, health status, proximate analysis, and fatty acid composition in flesh of Asian seabass (<em>Lates calcarifer</em>) reared in freshwater. Five diets were prepared: a control diet based on a basal diet with 12 % fish oil (F12), two vegetable oil-based diets, in which fish oil was replaced entirely with soybean oil (S12) or perilla oil (P12), 8 % (P8), and 4 % (P4). Asian seabass were fed until satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Partial and total replacement of fish oil with perilla oil did not negatively affect feed intake, growth rate, FCR, PER, lipid and protein retentions, proximate composition, intraperitoneal fat index, and hepatosomatic index of Asian seabass (P &gt; 0.05). Total cholesterol of fish fed S12 was higher than that of fish fed P12 (P &lt; 0.05). While high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of Asian seabass fed S12 was higher than that of fish fed F12 (P &lt; 0.05). The other biochemical parameters analysed were similar between diets. Linolenic acid increased in fish flesh with increasing levels of fish oil replacement with perilla oil. In contrast, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels decreased (P &lt; 0.05). Replacement or substituting fish oil with perilla oil changed the fatty acid profile of the flesh but did not impact the growth and health of Asian seabass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different dietary binders on growth, body composition, intestinal barrier and target of rapamycin pathway of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Ye Gong ,&nbsp;Zheng Chen ,&nbsp;Runwei Miao ,&nbsp;Shiwen Chen ,&nbsp;Zhang Sen ,&nbsp;Xuxiong Huang ,&nbsp;Naisong Chen ,&nbsp;Songlin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An 8-week experiment was conducted to explore the effects of dietary binder sources on juvenile largemouth bass (initial body weight: 32.00 ± 0.10 g). Five isolipidic diets were designed, supplementing with different binder sources: sodium alginate (SA), carrageenan (CG), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), gelatin (GT), and starch (SC). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups with 30 fish in each group twice daily. The results showed that dietary inclusion of GT significantly improved the growth performance of cultured fish. Meanwhile, the protein efficiency ratio in the GT group was significantly higher than that of other groups, while the feed conversion rate in GT group was significantly lower than that of other groups. Gene expression analysis showed that SA, CG and GT inclusion up-regulated the expression of <em>claudin-1</em> and <em>claudin-4</em> compared to other groups. The expression of mucin 2 (<em>muc2</em>) in the GT group was significantly higher than that in HPMC group and SC group, and the highest expression of <em>occluding</em> was also observed in this group. In addition, the relative expression levels of target of rapamycin (<em>tor</em>), protein kinase B α (<em>akt1</em>) and S6 kinase beta-1 isoform l (<em>s6kβ1</em>) in SA, CG and GT groups were higher compared to the other two groups. Meanwhile, the relative expression of ribosomal protein S6 (<em>s6</em>) in the GT group was significantly higher than HPMC and SC groups. In summary, in this experiment, consider the results on growth performance and intestinal barrier function, GT was the appropriate binder for juvenile largemouth bass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 116275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective efficacy of dietary rosmarinic acid and Bacillus subtilis on growth, health parameters and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Sahar Shahraki ,&nbsp;Ehsan Ahmadifar ,&nbsp;Mohsen Shahriari Moghadam ,&nbsp;Najmeh Sheikhzadeh ,&nbsp;Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ,&nbsp;Hien Van Doan","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probiotics and polyphenols are the functional ingredients for their antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and growth enhancing properties. However, the combined effects of these additives in fish species have rarely been evaluated. The present study was done to evaluate the effects of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> probiotic and rosmarinic acid alone or in combination on growth, digestive enzyme activities, serum antioxidant and immune indices as well as disease resistance to Aeromonas <em>hydrophila</em> in juvenile common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>). A total number of 240 Common carp with mean weight of 13.77 ± 0.78 (mean + SE) were randomly distributed into four groups with three replicates (20 fish per replicate) and fed with 5 × 10⁹ CFU <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>/g feed (BS), 600 mg rosmarinic acid/kg feed (RA), combination of these additives (BS+RA) or the control diet (C) by apparent satiation three times a day for 8 weeks. The results of the present experiment indicated that growth rates, digestive enzyme activities as well as serum immunological parameters were higher in all treated groups, especially BS+RA group, compared to the values achieved in the C group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Serum biochemical indices, including antioxidant-related enzyme activities were improved in the RA and BS+RA compared to the control fish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The cumulative mortality rate was 50.00 %, 43.33 % and 40.00 % in BS, RA and BS+RA groups, respectively, compared to 60.00 % mortality in the control fish after challenging with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This study indicated that the eight-week dietary administration of rosmarinic acid and <em>B. subtilis</em>, especially in combination, improved growth rate, digestive enzyme activity, serum immunological and antioxidant responses, and disease resistance to <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> in common carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporation of tributyrin and tricaproin into milk replacer on intake, growth, and health of Holstein calves","authors":"Í.R.R. Castro ,&nbsp;J.N. Wilms ,&nbsp;G.B.C. Leite ,&nbsp;M.I. Marcondes ,&nbsp;L.N. Leal","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fat composition of milk replacers (MR) for calves differs from milk fat leading to low levels of butyric and caproic acids in MR. This study investigated how the incorporation of tributyrin (TB4) and tricaproin (TC6) in MR affects feed intake, growth, and health of newborn calves (Experiment 1) and 18-d-old calves (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 24 male calves (0.90 ± 0.35 d; 42.8 ± 4.43 kg BW; mean ± SD) were blocked by arrival sequence. Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to treatments consisting of a mixture of a control MR (CON) and an experimental MR containing TB4 and TC6 (TRI) at different mixing percentages being TRI0 (0 % TRI MR), TRI33, TRI67, and TRI100. The TRI100 MR contained 3.36 % C4:0 and 2.49 % C6:0 (as % total FA). All MR contained 237 g/kg of CP, 258 g/kg of fat, and 375 g/kg of lactose (DM basis). Calves were housed individually for 21 d. The daily MR allowance was 7.0 L/d (15 % solids) fed in 2 meals. Water and chopped straw were available <em>ad libitum</em>. Daily measurements included MR intake, fecal consistency scoring, and scoring of the need for drinking assistance. In Experiment 2, 60 calves (18.4 ± 2.4 d; 47.5 ± 1.46 kg) were blocked by BW at arrival and randomly assigned to treatments within a block, including 1) a control MR (CON) that did not include TB4 and TC6, 2) an MR containing TB4 with 3.36 % C4:0 of total FA, 3) an MR containing TC6 with 2.49 % C6:0, and 4) an MR with both TB4 and TC6 called TBTC with 2.41 % C4:0 and 2.10 % C6:0. All MR contained 292 g/kg of fat, 243 g/kg of CP, and 339 g/kg of lactose. Calves were individually housed for 28 d and then grouped in pairs or trios afterwards. The daily MR allowance was 7.0 L/d (13.5 % of solids) fed in 2 meals. Weaning was initiated on d 36 after arrival by feeding 4.0 L from d 36–49, and calves were completely weaned at d 50 and monitored until d 63. Calves had <em>ad libitum</em> access to starter feed, chopped wheat straw (3–7 cm), and water. Body weight was measured weekly. Daily measurements included feed intakes and fecal consistency (until d 28). In Experiment 1, the inclusion of TB4 and TC6 did not affect growth and MR refusals. Calves fed TRI0 and TRI33 tended to have higher abnormal fecal scores in wk 2 and 3 compared with other groups. In addition, higher TB4 and TC6 inclusion levels in MR reduced the need for drinking assistance in week 2. In Experiment 2, MR refusals were higher in calves fed TC6 and TBTC than in other treatments between wk 1 and 3 after arrival. Calves fed CON had a higher percentage of days with loose feces. In conclusion, higher levels of TB4 and TC6 reduced the need for drinking assistance in newborn calves, but TC6 inclusion increased MR refusals in older calves. Supplementing MR with TB4, TC6, or their combination improved the fecal consistency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 116270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replacement of soya bean meal and corn by field peas in young bulls fattening diets: Performance, rumen fermentation, nitrogen use and metabolism","authors":"Isabel Casasús ,&nbsp;Daniel Villalba ,&nbsp;Margalida Joy ,&nbsp;Sandra Costa-Roura ,&nbsp;Mireia Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored the interest in field peas replacing soya bean meal and corn at different rates in beef fattening diets by assessing impacts on animal performance, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen use and economic output. Thirty-two Parda de Montaña young bulls (210 ± 24.3 kg BW) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (0 %, 15 %, 30 %, 45 % peas in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets). After 23 d adaptation, fattening was divided into Growing (first 134 d) and Finishing (from d 135–500 kg - target slaughter BW). Daily weight gains were higher (P &lt; 0.001) and the DM intake and feed conversion ratio were lower (P &lt; 0.001) during Growing vs. Finishing. Ruminal NH₃-N concentrations were lower and total VFA were higher during Growing vs. Finishing (P &lt; 0.001). Increasing proportion of field peas did not affect daily gains or carcass traits, tended to have a cubic effect on DM intake (P = 0.06) and a quadratic effect on days on feed (P = 0.09), but did not affect the feed conversion ratio. Ruminal fluid pH decreased and total VFA increased linearly with increased pea inclusion, whereas NH₃-N concentration (P = 0.06) and the proportions of propionic (P = 0.06) and butyric acids (P = 0.06) tended to display quadratic patterns, but acetic acid was not affected (P = 0.18). N intake did not differ among diets, but faecal N excretion decreased linearly (P = 0.002) and urine N excretion increased linearly (P = 0.02) with increasing proportion of pea. The gross margin obtained with 30 % peas was the best in four scenarios considering different relative feed ingredient prices. These results support the interest in including up to 30 % field peas in beef fattening diets but given the shift in the route of N excretion from faeces to urine, irrespectively of the period, these alternatives’ environmental interest should be assessed at a territorial scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 116273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of prediction equations to estimate the nutritive value of broiler chicken diets based on their chemical composition","authors":"S. Thiruchchenthuran ,&nbsp;F. Zaefarian ,&nbsp;M.R. Abdollahi ,&nbsp;T.J. Wester ,&nbsp;P.C.H. Morel","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experiment was conducted to validate the accuracy of previously published prediction equations developed to estimate the coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) and ileal digestible content (IDC) of nitrogen (N), crude fat, starch, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), energy, and dry matter (DM) in broilers using the chemical composition of diets. Twenty new diets were formulated to have a wide range of chemical characteristics relevant to commercial diets. The CAID of N, crude fat, starch, Ca, P, energy, and DM of the diets were determined in broiler growers fed <em>ad libitum</em> from 15 to 22 days post-hatch. The chemical composition and <em>in vivo</em> digestibility values were used to validate the prediction equations developed from a previous study. Comparison between the determined values and predicted values was used to assess the accuracy of prediction equations using the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error of prediction, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and mean bias (MB). The most accurate prediction was achieved in terms of R² and CCC for CAID of energy and DM (R² = 0.57 and 0.66, CCC = 0.45 and 0.47, respectively) as well as for IDC of N, starch, energy, and DM (R² = 0.90, 1.00, 0.65, and 0.66, CCC = 0.48, 0.97, 0.51, and 0.47, respectively). The R² and CCC values obtained for CAID of N, crude fat, starch, Ca, and P and IDC of Ca and P were not consistent with the expectation of predictive performance. The R² for IDC of crude fat was high (0.94), however, CCC was moderate (0.43). The determined MB values showed that some equations underpredicted (CAID and IDC of N, crude fat, starch, energy, and DM) and some overpredicted (CAID of Ca and P and IDC of P) the observed values of <em>in vivo</em> study. In conclusion, the equations obtained for CAID of energy and DM as well as IDC of N, starch, energy, and DM could be considered the best fit according to R² and CCC. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of validation with external data before applying each prediction equation to practical situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 116272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models for predicting NDFap and iNDF in tropical conditions","authors":"Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho,&nbsp;Antonio de Sousa Brito Neto,&nbsp;Felipe Henrique de Moura,&nbsp;Douglas Teixeira Saraiva,&nbsp;Nathália Veloso Trópia,&nbsp;Samira Silveira Moreira,&nbsp;Dhones Rodrigues de Andrade,&nbsp;Pauliane Pucetti","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our objective was to develop and evaluate equations for estimating neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein residue (NDF_ap) and indigestible neutral detergent fiber (_iNDF). All feeds data were obtained from information cataloged in the Brazilian Tables of Feed Composition for Cattle (CQBAL 4.0). In addition, information from ruminal digesta, omasal digesta and feces derived from 14 studies was used, which included the chemical characteristics studied in this approach. Eight subsets of data were constructed to predict: NDF_ap of roughages, concentrates, ruminal digesta, omasal digesta, and feces; _iNDF of roughages, concentrates and feces. Within each data subset, 80 % of the information was used for model development and 20 % for model evaluation. To predict the NDF_ap the existence of a linear relationship between the NDF_ap and NDF contents was assumed, and simple linear regression equations were fitted. A Pearson correlation analysis and Stepwise selection process was performed between _iNDF and the potential predictor variables. The evaluation of the equations was carried out using the Model Evaluation System Software. The subset data represented a wide variation in NDF_ap content of roughage (237.9–777 g/kg), concentrates (27.2–600 g/kg), rumen digesta (341.7–673.9 g/kg), omasal digesta (19.1–662.6 g/kg) and feces (243.1–721.8 g/kg); and in the _iNDF content of roughage (80–394.7 g/kg), concentrates (2.4–370 g/kg) and feces (72.7–624.6 g/kg). The linear relationships between the observed and predicted values of NDF_ap for roughages, concentrates, ruminal digesta, omasal digesta and feces presented an intercept not different from zero (P ≥ 0.19) and a slope not different from one (P ≥ 0.13), and high values of R² and CCC. All equations generated to predict roughage _iNDF were suitable, presenting P ≥ 0.08 for intercept equal to zero and/or slope equal to one in the plot of the relationship between observed and predicted values. For _iNDF of concentrates and feces, the power function was the only equation that showed good predictive performance (P ≥ 0.21 for intercept and slope). The models developed in this study will provide support in estimating the energy value of feeds, especially in conditions where direct assessments are limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 116271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}