Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Low levels of condensed tannins enhance lactation performance in dairy cows","authors":"Francisco P. Rennó ,&nbsp;Caio S. Takiya ,&nbsp;Beatriz M. Ceron ,&nbsp;Guilherme Poletti ,&nbsp;Ana Caroline S. Vitor ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. da Silva ,&nbsp;Nathália T.S. Grigoletto ,&nbsp;Guilherme G. da Silva ,&nbsp;Natália M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Danielle D. Brutti ,&nbsp;Vitória M. da Silva ,&nbsp;Greicy S. Maysonnave","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was conducted to determine the effects of relatively low doses of supplemental condensed tannins (CT) on nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility, feed particle sorting index, ruminal fermentation parameters, milk yield and composition, serum concentrations of glucose and urea-N, nitrogen use, and urinary purine derivatives excretion in dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows (171 ± 26 days in milk, 33.8 ± 1.16 kg/d milk yield), of which 4 were ruminally cannulated, were blocked according to the presence of cannulas, parity number, milk yield, and days in milk. Cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design, with cows within blocks randomly allocated to a sequence of treatments, which included the following: control (CON), or a feed additive with CT (73.5 g/kg minimum guarantee of CT) supplemented at 0.06, 0.12, and 0.18 % diet DM (CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). The feed additive was mixed into the concentrate. Experimental periods consisted of 21 d, with the last 7 days designated for sampling and data collection. Differences among treatments were evaluated using linear and quadratic contrasts. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be quadratically affected by CT doses (27.6, 27.0, 26.3, and 27.0 kg/d, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). Feed sorting index or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients were not affected by treatments. Ruminal pH and concentrations of NH₃-N and total volatile fatty acids were not influenced by treatments. Milk yield (32.7, 32.8, 32.8, and 33.6 kg/d, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively), fat-corrected milk yield (FCM), and yields of fat and protein linearly increased with CT. Milk urea nitrogen concentration tended to be quadratically affected with CT doses. Feed efficiency (FCM/DMI) exhibited a quadratic response according to CT dose (1.24, 1.27, 1.33, and 1.26 kg/kg, for CON, CT1, CT2, and CT3, respectively). Serum concentrations of glucose and urea-N were similar across groups. CT tended to linearly increase the efficiency of consumed N converted into milk N. Urinary purine derivatives excretion was not affected by treatments. Relatively low dietary doses of CT (up to 0.18 % diet DM) linearly increased FCM yield, without affecting the apparent total-tract digestibility of DM, ruminal fermentation parameters, or markers of microbial protein synthesis. Lower doses of supplemental CT than traditionally used can improve milk fat yield of lactating cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of wilting duration and microbial inoculation on fermentation profile, chemical composition, aerobic stability and in situ nutrient degradability of ryegrass silage","authors":"F.X. Amaro ,&nbsp;K.G. Arriola ,&nbsp;L. Mu ,&nbsp;S. Farooq ,&nbsp;C. NinoDeGuzman ,&nbsp;C. Romeiro ,&nbsp;L.O. Lima ,&nbsp;H. Sultana ,&nbsp;A.O. Oyebade ,&nbsp;M. Wallau ,&nbsp;D. Vyas","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to evaluate the effects of wilting duration (WD), microbial inoculant (MI) and their interaction on fermentation parameters, chemical composition, and aerobic stability of annual ryegrass (<em>Lolium multiflorum</em> L.) silages ensiled at 30 and 90 d. Study design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement of treatments where block was the field plots, main plot was WD (Short vs. Long), and subplot was MI (Control vs. Inoculated). Silages were evaluated at either 30 or 90 d of ensiling. Harvested forage was allowed to wilt for 48 and 72 h, for Short and Long WD, to target 30, and 40 % DM, respectively. Wilted forage was chopped and treated with either MI (1.5 × 10⁵ colony forming units of <em>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</em> LB1819 and <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> O224/g of wet forage, SiloSolve® FC) or the same amount of distilled water. Forages (∼ 3.5–4.1 kg) were ensiled in vacuum bags for either 30 or 90 d. Silage samples were analyzed for microbial counts, fermentation parameters, and aerobic stability. For in situ ruminal degradability assay, dried silage samples were incubated in two ruminally-cannulated cows at several incubation timepoints (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h) for estimation of ruminal degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber (DM, CP, and NDF, respectively). Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS for main effects of DM, MI, and their interaction. Long WD increased forage and silage DM, and the concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) at 0 and 30 d, while decreasing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, lactate, and total organic acids concentrations of silages. In addition, Long WD slightly increased predicted milk yield probably because of greater WSC concentration. Microbial inoculant addition improved DM recovery and aerobic stability of ryegrass silages, while increasing LAB counts and acetate concentration. In conclusion, MI can be used as a strategy to improve fermentation characteristics of ryegrass silages, while WD can affect chemical characteristics that may increase predicted milk yield of dairy cows when using NASEM formulation software.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of dietary fermented yeast products (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, health and microbiome of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the influence of discharge water in the production of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa)","authors":"Uthpala M. Padeniya ,&nbsp;D. Allen Davis ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Wells ,&nbsp;Courtney E. Harrison ,&nbsp;Benjamin R. LaFrentz ,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Beck ,&nbsp;Luke A. Roy ,&nbsp;Mark Farmer ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Bruce","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaponics systems are based upon the conversion of fish waste into plant substrates; thus, feed input is a critical component to managing water quality and optimizing performance. The current study assessed the effects of fermented yeast products (<em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>) on Nile tilapia (38.63 ± 2.01 g) and romaine lettuce growth, health and microbiome by combining a biofloc system with a deep-water hydroponic setup. Three distinct diets, each consisting of three replicates, were fed to the fish: a basal diet with 32 % crude protein and 8 % lipid, a diet having 2 % DVAQUA® inclusion, and a diet containing 0.1 % NutriTek®. No discernible growth differences across treatments were observed in the fish and plant growth trials. Foliar tissue examination showed that NutriTek-treated romaine lettuce plants had noticeably greater magnesium levels than the basal diet treated plants (<em>P</em> = 0.031). Following challenge with <em>Flavobacterium oreochromis</em>, fish fed DVAQUA and NutriTek exhibited greater survival than those fed the basal diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. No differences in serum lysozyme activity were found, but immune-related markers in the spleen and kidney tissues displayed differences pre- and post-challenge. When bacterial communities were analyzed, differences were found in alpha diversity indices in both fish fecal samples (Shannon diversity index- <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, Chao – <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 and observed species <em>P</em> = 0.001) and root samples (Shannon diversity index- <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, Chao – <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 and observed species <em>P</em> = 0.005) between treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The most abundant phylum presented in fecal samples was Fusobacteria, whereas Cyanobacteria was the most abundant for root samples. In conclusion, feeding fermented yeast products as dietary supplements improved resistance to disease in Nile tilapia and influenced the bacterial composition in both the fecal and root microbiome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial replacement of concentrate in the lactating ewe’s diet with silages of agro-industrial by-products – Effect on milk composition and fatty acid profile, serum metabolites and growth of suckling lambs","authors":"Eliana Jerónimo ,&nbsp;Liliana Cachucho ,&nbsp;Helder Alves ,&nbsp;Olinda Guerreiro ,&nbsp;Kátia Paulos ,&nbsp;Cláudia Costa ,&nbsp;João Costa ,&nbsp;Sandra Gomes ,&nbsp;Nuno Alvarenga ,&nbsp;Susana P. Alves ,&nbsp;Rui J.B. Bessa ,&nbsp;José Santos-Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa P. Dentinho","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of concentrate feed with mixed ingredient silages (MIS) produced with agro-industrial by-products in the diets of lactating ewes on the body weight of ewes, growth performance of suckling lambs, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of milk, and serum metabolites of the ewe. After lambing, 54 lactating ewes and their lambs were distributed to one of the following experimental diets (18 ewes/diet): C – concentrate diet; SPBG – concentrate and silage containing 200 g/kg sweet potato, 500 g/kg brewers grains and 300 g/kg alfalfa hay; and AHBG – concentrate and silage containing 200 g/kg almond hulls, 600 g/kg brewers grains and 200 g/kg alfalfa hay. Hay was provided <em>ad libitum</em> in all diets. In both silage diets (SPBG and AHBG) the concentrate and silage constitute 33.3 and 66.6 % DM of the diet, respectively. Every day, the ewes received the same amount of the diet, which was completely consumed. Lambs were weighed at birth and weekly during the 8 weeks of trial. In the last 4 weeks of the trial, individual milk samples were collected weekly and then pooled per each ewe for chemical analysis. At the end of the trial, a blood sample was collected from the ewes to analyse serum metabolites. SPBG and AHBG silage showed pH values of 4.00 and 4.29, respectively. Total N as NH₃-N and as soluble-N varied from 3.23 to 5.23 and from 348 to 354 g/kg total N, respectively. The animals well accepted the silages. Partial replacement of concentrate with silage of agro-industrial by-products in lactating ewe diets did not affect the growth performance of suckling lambs and the composition of milk. Both silage dietary treatments changed the milk FA composition, reducing the short-chain FA (6:0–14:0), branched-chain FA, and 18:1 <em>trans</em>-10, and increasing the saturated FA 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, 23:0 and 24:0 and 18:1 <em>trans</em>-11. Regarding serum metabolites, silage diets increased the urea concentration and decreased the β-hydroxybutyrate concentration. Results showed that ensiling is a good approach to preserving sweet potato, almond hulls, and brewers grains, producing a good quality feed that can be introduced to diets of lactating ewes without compromising animal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid analysis using multiple time point hydrolysis and non-linear regression for determination of amino acid profiles and 21-hour correction factors of biological standards, and dairy cattle milk, tissue, rumen microbes, and various feeds","authors":"Andres F. Ortega ,&nbsp;Joyce L. Marumo ,&nbsp;Rebecca Coombe ,&nbsp;Alexandria C. Benoit ,&nbsp;Deborah A. Ross ,&nbsp;Michael E. Van Amburgh","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data published over the last few years has demonstrated that the amino acids (AA) concentrations of milk and other substrates was not correctly described after the standard 21–24 h hydrolysis period, used to break down protein into its constituent AA, and that longer or shorter hydrolysis times might be needed for certain AA. The study objective was to determine the AA composition of ruminant tissue, milk, microbes, and feeds using multiple time-point hydrolysis and non-linear regression to establish optimal AA profiles and develop correction factors for single time-point hydrolysis. The AA were analyzed using this approach on sixteen feeds, nine cattle tissue samples, eight milk samples, and six ruminal microbial samples to represent both supply and requirement protein sources. Substrates were analyzed by HPLC-UV and/or HILIC-TQMS following hydrolysis at 110 °C in a block heater for 10–14 different time points ranging from 2 to 360 h using acid and alkaline hydrolysis. Following hydrolysis, least-squares non-linear regression was used to determine the true AA content. Many AA of all substrates continued to be released after the 24 h endpoint and were all observed to be declining by 360 h. The branched-chain AA (BCAA), Ser, Thr and Trp were found to need the highest correction due to hydrolysis loss or incomplete recovery, but most AA had some correction depending on the protein source. This leads to the conclusion that there is currently an underestimation of the AA concentration in ruminant substrates. Correction factors varied among protein substrates and trended or were significantly different for Ala, Arg, Asp, Glu, Trp, and Val (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.10). Protein-specific factors could help improve AA formulation for improved predictions of nutrient supply and requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of X-ray irradiation for pathogen inactivation in semi-moist pet food and changes in nutritional and physicochemical qualities","authors":"Anand Kumar Sethukali ,&nbsp;Hyun Jung Lee ,&nbsp;Dongbin Park ,&nbsp;Hyun-Jun Kim ,&nbsp;Azfar Ismail ,&nbsp;Jae-Kyung Kim ,&nbsp;Cheorun Jo","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of X-ray irradiation at different dose levels on semi-moist pet foods. Samples were subjected to X-ray irradiation at 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 kGy, and their microbial, nutritional and physicochemical properties were evaluated for 60 days at 20-day intervals. Among these, samples irradiated at 10 kGy completely sterilized bacterial pathogens and inhibited their growth throughout the storage period. Following this, a dose of 5 kGy showed a better bacterial pathogen reduction. Above 5 kGy irradiated samples exhibited a significant effect on moisture and protein contents. Samples treated with above 5 kGy tended to exhibit a significant decline in water activity, pH, and <em>a*</em> values during the storage period while continuing to exert microbial stability and quality attributes. However, lipid oxidation and protein degradation were observed in samples irradiated with above 5 kGy of X-ray during storage. Considering all results, we conclude that about 5 kGy X-ray irradiation could prevent microbial activity while maintaining the maximum losses of nutritional and physicochemical properties of semi-moist pet foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between different single protein and feeding level on growth performance, hepatic lipid metabolism and health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Xiaojuan Liu ,&nbsp;Lukuan Li ,&nbsp;Yanqing Huang ,&nbsp;Chunfang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to evaluate the effects of the interaction between different single novel proteins and feeding levels on largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>), and to provide scientific guidance for the application of novel proteins and the corresponding optimal feeding strategy, five single protein diets (fishmeal (FM), <em>Clostridium autoethanogenum</em> protein (CAP), <em>Tenebrio molitor</em> (TM) <em>Chlorella</em> meal (ChM), cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC)) and three feeding levels (100 %，80 % and 60 % satiety feeding) were designed to feed largemouth bass (weight: 2.96 ± 0.08 g) for 8 weeks. Z-score combined with cluster analysis were used to analyze and compare the effects of different treatments on different indexes, such as growth performance, feed utilization, liver antioxidant capacity and immune response as well as lipid metabolism to draw a general picture of the relationship among all these massive biomarkers. The results showed that different novel protein sources and feeding levels had significant interactive effects on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, body lipid and liver health of largemouth bass. Fish fed with ChM diet showed similar performance to that in FM group, implying its potential for complete replacement of fishmeal in largemouth bass. Fish fed with CAP, TM and CPC diets showed the worst performance by poor growth and feed utilization, enhanced stress, chronic inflammation, varies symptoms of histological changes in the liver and intestine, which demonstrated the adverse effects of the complete replacement of fishmeal by these three new proteins. As for feeding level, 100 % feeding level resulted in hypertrophy and fat accumulation in the liver of fish fed with FM and ChM diets and had risks of fatty liver. In addition, the TM and CPC group had the higher expression levels of inflammatory factors and the lower antioxidant enzymes activity at 100 % feeding level, and CAP group showed the higher expression levels of inflammatory factors at 60 % feeding level, which displayed that the interactions between CAP, TM, CPC diets and 100 % feeding level or 60 % feeding level may aggravate the occurrence of liver inflammation and oxidative damage of hepatocytes. Overall, 80 % feeding level had higher feed efficiency, protein efficiency, antioxidant enzyme and lysozyme activities, lower MDA content and lower gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and could be considered as the optimum feeding level for largemouth bass fed with different protein diets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different dietary protein sources on the growth performance, digestive capacity and amino acid profiles of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) larvae","authors":"Shouxiang Sun ,&nbsp;Qi You ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Houxiong He ,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Cao ,&nbsp;Yuhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingchao Wang ,&nbsp;Jan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The successful rearing of largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) larvae heavily relies on the development of effective microdiets that enhance domestication success and growth. Herein, a 28-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different protein sources, namely, fish meal (FM), krill meal (KM) and squid meal (SM), during the weaning phase of largemouth bass larvae, with Artemia (AR) and commercial diet (CD) used as controls. Our results indicated that larvae fed with SM diet exhibited growth outcomes (final body weight [FBW] and specific growth rate [SGR]) second only to those of larvae fed with AR, which was attributed to its higher feed and protein efficiency ratios. No significant difference was observed in the FBW and SGR among the FM, KM and CD groups. In addition, the SM group had a more developed digestive system and higher trypsin activity than the other microdiet groups, although the lipase and amylase activities were not significantly different among the FM, KM and SM groups. The results of amino acid composition indicated that the levels of lysine, arginine and glutamate in the SM and AR groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups, whereas the level of glycine was the highest in the KM group. The expression levels of growth-related genes (insulin-like growth factor 1 (<em>igf-1</em>) and growth hormone (<em>gh</em>)) were markedly higher in the liver and brain of the SM group than in those of the other microdiet groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that SM is the main protein source that can considerably improve the domestication success rate of largemouth bass larvae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 116343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of solid-state fermentation of Gelidium corneum by-product on immune status and gut microbiota in European seabass","authors":"Marta Ferreira ,&nbsp;Catarina Ramos-Oliveira ,&nbsp;Rui Magalhães ,&nbsp;Nicole Martins ,&nbsp;Cláudia R. Serra ,&nbsp;José Manuel Salgado ,&nbsp;Isabel Belo ,&nbsp;A. Oliva-Teles ,&nbsp;Helena Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It was previously observed that dietary inclusion of 10 % <em>Gelidium corneum</em> by-product and sunflower cake mixture (1:1 ratio; Gmix), replacing corn gluten meal, reduced feed utilization efficiency in European sea bass juveniles, while the same mixture fermented with <em>Aspergillus ibericus</em> restored feed efficiency as well as nitrogen and energy utilization, achieving levels comparable to the control diet. The present study aimed to further evaluate this unfermented or <em>A. ibericus</em> fermented Gmix by assessing its potential to modulate the intestinal immune and oxidative status, as well as the microbiota profile of European seabass juveniles. At the end of the growth trial, intestinal antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels were similar among groups, except for glutathione peroxidase activity, which was observed to be higher in fish fed the fermented Gmix diet than in the control diet. Total and reduced glutathione levels were similar among groups, but oxidized glutathione was higher with the fermented Gmix diet than in the other diets. Plasma peroxidase and lysozyme activities and immune-related gene expression in the distal intestine did not show significant differences. Compared to the control diet, dietary inclusion of Gmix, both unfermented and fermented, modulated the intestinal microbiota, particularly at the digesta level, where an increase in <em>Streptococcus</em>, <em>Exiguobacterium</em>, and <em>Bacillus</em> genera, and a decrease in <em>Lactobacillus</em> sp., was observed. Overall, including either unfermented or fermented Gmix in the diet of European seabass did not appear to adversely affect intestinal oxidative or immune status but modulated intestinal microbiota. However, further research is required to fully understand the interactions between European seabass well-being, gut microbiota, and Gmix (both unfermented and fermented), including long-term growth trials, inflammatory insult trials, and next-generation sequencing for intestinal microbiome analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementing sow diets with docosahexaenoic acid alters fatty acid composition of sow blood and milk","authors":"Emma K. Pedersen ,&nbsp;Søren K. Jensen ,&nbsp;Duc Ninh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Zhuqing Xie ,&nbsp;Thomas S. Bruun ,&nbsp;Anja V. Strathe","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to test the effect of supplementing sows with docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3; DHA) of microalgae origin as an in-feed additive on sow and litter parameters, milk yield and composition, plasma fatty acid (FA) composition, plasma cytokines, and fecal microbiota of sows and piglets. The DHA were supplemented (50 mg/kg feed) from farrowing of the previous litter and until weaning of the next litter (n = 248 sows). Milk samples were collected at d 6 and 17, and blood samples from jugular vein at d 17 of the lactation. The DHA concentration in milk and plasma was (P &lt; 0.05) greater for DHA supplemented sows. Milk FA composition showed palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7; P &lt; 0.05) and gondoic acid (C20:1 n-9; P &lt; 0.05) were greater in the control compared to the DHA supplemented group. Plasma FA composition showed arachidic acid (C20:0) was (P &lt; 0.05) greater in the DHA fed sows compared with the control sows. There was no effect of treatment on sow and litter parameters, and milk concentrations of fat, lactose and protein, whereas sows on the DHA diet had greater concentration of DHA in the milk (P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference between treatments in measured concentrations of cytokines. The microbial alpha diversity was similar between sows fed control and DHA diets and between piglets from sows fed control and DHA diets. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of DHA in sow diets during gestation and lactation affected FA composition of sows plasma and milk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 116334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}