Analytical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Solvent extraction of iodine species: mechanisms, technologies, and applications","authors":"Wataru Yoshida","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00946-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00946-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iodine is an essential element widely used in medicine, electronics, and emerging energy technologies, and its efficient separation and speciation are increasingly important for resource recovery and environmental monitoring. In aqueous environments, iodine exists in numerous chemical species, and their interconversion strongly influences its extractability and separation behavior. Among available techniques, solvent extraction is considered one of the most versatile methods for iodine separation due to its operational simplicity, high selectivity, and scalability. This review presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the solvent extraction of iodide and related iodine species. First, we briefly outline the speciation of iodine in aqueous systems to clarify how its chemical species controls its extraction behavior. Then, we discuss the principal extraction mechanisms, including the redox-driven extraction of molecular iodine, metal–iodide complex formation, ion-pair extraction with cationic reagents, amine-based extraction, and anion-exchange processes using ionic liquids and related extractants. We also discuss strategies for stripping and recovering iodine species from loaded organic phases. Moreover, recent developments in emerging extraction technologies, such as dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, liquid membrane systems, and aqueous biphasic systems, are highlighted because they enable enhanced extraction efficiency and analytical sensitivity. Industrial and environmental applications, particularly iodine recovery from natural brines and the separation and analysis of radioiodine, are also discussed. These advances provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and designing selective, efficient, and sustainable iodine separation processes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 10","pages":"905 - 940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148429665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical discrimination of lysine methylation states at the single-molecule level","authors":"Miyuka Suzuki,&nbsp;Takahito Ohshiro,&nbsp;Yuki Komoto,&nbsp;Keisuke Hitachi,&nbsp;Masateru Taniguchi","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00940-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00940-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lysine methylation is an important epigenetic modification that regulates chromatin structure and gene expression. However, it is still difficult to distinguish its methylated states without labels at the single-molecule level. In this study, we investigate the discrimination of lysine methylation states using single-molecule tunneling measurements with gold nano-gap electrodes. The conductance decreases stepwise as the number of methyl groups increases, even though density functional theory (DFT) shows that all molecules have almost the same HOMO energy levels. This result suggests that conductance is not determined only by the electronic structure, but also by how the molecule is arranged between the electrodes. Statistical analysis of current signals shows that high-conductance events become less frequent after methylation, indicating fewer strongly coupled configurations. The relationship between current and molecular length also supports that transport depends on variations in molecular configurations. Machine learning analysis achieved an F-score of 0.76 for distinguishing methylated from unmethylated lysine. In contrast, distinguishing between mono-, di-, and trimethylated forms gave a lower F-score of 0.49, reflecting overlap in the signals. These results suggest that single-molecule tunneling currents are sensitive to stepwise lysine methylation states through differences in transient molecular configurations. This work demonstrates the potential of single-molecule tunneling measurements for label-free analysis of epigenetic modifications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"817 - 825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148395665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of synovial fluid exosomes using phospholipid molecular imprinting technology and discovery of early diagnostic markers for osteoarthritis","authors":"Hualong Deng,&nbsp;Chaoyong Jiang,&nbsp;Huaxin Deng,&nbsp;Yaohua Li,&nbsp;Baoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00945-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00945-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability in the elderly. The lack of sensitive diagnostic methods for early OA remains a major clinical challenge. Synovial fluid contains exosomes (SF-exosomes) that carry disease-specific biomolecules, making them promising targets for early diagnosis. However, efficient isolation of SF-exosomes with high purity is technically demanding. This study aimed to develop phosphatidylserine-based molecularly imprinted polymers (P-MIPs) for the efficient enrichment of SF-exosomes and to discover potential protein biomarkers for early OA diagnosis using proteomic analysis. P-MIPs can specifically recognize phosphatidylserine on the extracellular vesicle membrane, thereby achieving highly selective enrichment of extracellular vesicles. P-MIPs were synthesized via a reverse microemulsion system. The binding capacity, specificity, and enrichment efficiency of P-MIPs were characterized. SF-exosomes from 6 OA patients and 6 healthy controls were enriched using P-MIPs and analyzed by LC–MS/MS proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. The diagnostic value of hub genes was validated by ROC analysis in an independent cohort. The results showed that the binding capacity (Qmax) of P-MIPs was 129.71 µmol/g, and the cross-reactivity with sphingomyelin (SM), phenylphosphonic acid (PYP), and tyrosine phosphopeptides was less than 3.5%. The purity of enriched SF-exosomes was 82.6%. A total of 40 DEPs were identified, of which 28 were upregulated and 12 were downregulated in OA. PPI network analyses identified 10 hub genes: <i>IL6, IL1B, MYC, CD4, MMP9, PTPRC, CXCL8, PPARG, ICAM1</i>, and <i>STAT3</i>. ROC analysis showed that among the top five hub genes ranked by degree, <i>MYC</i> (AUC = 0.741) and <i>IL6</i> (AUC = 0.735) exhibited good diagnostic performance. A combined biomarker panel comprising the top five hub genes achieved an even higher diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.899. The P-MIPs-based SF-exosome enrichment strategy is efficient and selective. MYC and IL6 are potential diagnostic biomarkers for early OA, and the identified DEPs provide insights into OA pathogenesis. Furthermore, this strategy can be extended for the recognition and enrichment of exosomes in other biological fluid matrices, facilitating the discovery of novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"873 - 886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platinum thin film–based matrix-enhanced surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging for improved ion yields of adrenocortical steroids","authors":"Riko Takata,&nbsp;Shigehiro Karashima,&nbsp;Kokoro Okawa,&nbsp;Akio Miyazato,&nbsp;Fumitake Usui-Kawanishi,&nbsp;Reina Nakanishi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Murakami,&nbsp;Atsushi Hashimoto,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kawasaki,&nbsp;Issey Osaka","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00935-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00935-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI/MS) imaging enables spatially resolved molecular analysis; however, its sensitivity depends strongly on matrix uniformity and ionization efficiency, which pose challenges for low-abundance compounds such as steroid hormones. In this study, we developed a platinum (Pt) thin film–based surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI/MS) and matrix-enhanced SALDI/MS (ME-SALDI/MS) method to increase ion yields and improve steroid imaging with minimal sample pretreatment. Using sputter-deposited Pt films, 20 endogenous steroids were comprehensively detected without chemical derivatization. Furthermore, derivatized steroids analyzed by ME-SALDI/MS exhibited significantly higher ion yields than those obtained by conventional MALDI/MS or SALDI/MS, demonstrating a synergistic enhancement of desorption and ionization efficiency. ME-SALDI/MS imaging of porcine adrenal gland tissue enabled visualization of multiple derivatized steroids with high ion yields—including progesterone, corticosterone, and cortisol—reflecting their biosynthetic localization across cortical zones. Collectively, these results highlight the potential of Pt thin film–based SALDI and ME-SALDI/MS as robust tools that provide high ion yields for imaging of steroids and other biomolecules with inherently low desorption and ionization efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"855 - 864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44211-026-00935-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest Editorial: next-generation analytical systems: devices and software","authors":"Kazuma Mawatari","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00930-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00930-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 7","pages":"489 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148299907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial engineering for enantioselective electrochemical sensing of tryptophan: materials, recognition strategies, and performance benchmarking","authors":"Alvin Lim Teik Zheng,&nbsp;Ellie Yi Lih Teo,&nbsp;Omar Faruqi Marzuki,&nbsp;Supakorn Boonyuen,&nbsp;Eric Lim Teik Chung,&nbsp;Kar Ban Tan,&nbsp;Yoshito Andou","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00937-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00937-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The enantioselective detection of biologically active molecules is a vital analytical challenge, particularly for tryptophan (Trp), where the L- and D-enantiomers exhibit distinct physiological functions despite their near-identical properties. Electrochemical (EC) sensing offers a powerful solution, providing high sensitivity and miniaturization potential suitable for in situ monitoring. This review examines the state-of-the-art in EC chiral sensing of Trp, focusing on the integration of functional modifiers such as cyclodextrins (CDs), metal–organic frameworks (MOF), polymers/biopolymers, biomolecules and functional nanomaterials. We deconstruct the molecular recognition mechanisms focusing on enantioselectivity, including hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, and steric complementarity, supported by theoretical modelling and experimental benchmarking. Furthermore, we evaluate emerging trends including microfluidic integration and AI-assisted signal processing while critically assessing current limitations in sensor stability and reproducibility. By linking interfacial mechanisms to sensing performance, this work provides comprehensive guidance for the rational design of EC platforms for point-of-care and environmental applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"827 - 845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid analysis of narrow therapeutic index drugs by sonic spray ionization mass spectrometry","authors":"Bingxin Yu,&nbsp;Shaojun Qian,&nbsp;Chongyang Yao,&nbsp;Qingli Shen,&nbsp;Lei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00941-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00941-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) require precise monitoring to ensure efficacy and prevent toxicity, yet their analysis in complex biological matrices remains challenging. This study presents a novel sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (SSI-MS) method for the rapid and sensitive analysis of NTIDs, using tacrolimus as a model compound. The custom-built SSI source operates without high voltage or heating, relying solely on a coaxial nitrogen flow for gentle and efficient ionization. Under optimized conditions, the method achieved a low limit of quantitation (5 ng/mL) and excellent linearity (R² = 0.999) across the clinically relevant therapeutic window (5–200 ng/mL). Compared to electrospray ionization, SSI provided a cleaner background and a 1.88-fold improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio. The accuracy of this method was validated in mice serum, with recoveries ranging from 99.8% to 106.8% and relative standard deviations below 8.4%. Furthermore, the platform successfully detected tacrolimus directly in a saline matrix. These results demonstrate that SSI-MS is a powerful, high-performance tool for the rapid and reliable quantification of NTIDs, offering significant potential for advancing therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical practice.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"865 - 871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148300658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification using a digital polymerase chain reaction device","authors":"Shiro Fukuta,&nbsp;Ryoji Suzuki","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00943-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00943-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study established a robust digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification (dLAMP) workflow using the QIAcuity nanoplate-based dPCR system to overcome the limitations of traditional isothermal reactions and low partition counts. By optimizing reactions targeting the mitochondrial CO1 region of <i>Limnoperna fortunei</i> with diluted EvaGreen Master Mix, the method achieved high-throughput absolute quantification across a wide dynamic range without requiring standard curves. Results demonstrated that while conventional turbidimetric LAMP showed moderate variability accompanied by occasional delayed amplification at low concentrations, dLAMP maintained stable and clear detection at 1.52 × 10¹ copies. Despite minor saturation effects at high concentrations and stochasticity at extremely low levels, the QIAcuity-based dLAMP demonstrated enhanced quantitative stability compared to the conventional bulk assay. This user-friendly platform potentially reduces the risk of molecular dropout through high partition density (up to 26,000 partitions), offering a practical and precise tool for diagnostics, food safety, and environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring, especially for low-copy target detection.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 9","pages":"895 - 900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148300650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic polymer-based monoliths: structural design and integration into microreactors and flow analytical systems","authors":"Tomonari Umemura,&nbsp;Takuho Kishi,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Morioka,&nbsp;Motohide Aoki,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Kumata,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00932-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00932-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Approximately three decades ago, in response to the growing demand for rapid and sensitive analysis of small-volume samples, monolithic column technology emerged contemporaneously with other key concepts in analytical chemistry, such as the micro-total analysis system (µTAS) and lab-on-a-chip technology. These innovations attracted considerable attention as paradigm-shifting tools in the field. In the post-genomic era in particular, where miniaturization and high-throughput workflows became critical, monoliths—characterized by their continuous porous structure, high permeability, and low back pressure—were recognized as next-generation separation media, especially in omics-driven research. However, subsequent advances in liquid chromatography—most notably the development of core–shell particle packing materials and the widespread adoption of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)—gradually diminished the relative advantages of monolithic columns in standard high-throughput HPLC applications. Despite this shift, their intrinsic features, including ease of fabrication, outstanding flow properties, and flexible moldability into diverse formats, have continued to generate new value. In recent years, applications of monoliths have expanded beyond analytical separations into diverse fields, including biopharmaceutical purification (e.g., antibody drugs), solid-phase extraction, immobilized catalytic systems, and integration into micro- and nanoscale devices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the three-decade evolution of monolithic column technology, highlighting its historical context, current applications, and emerging roles in both analytical and preparative sciences within the broader context of evolving analytical technologies.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 8","pages":"677 - 699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction of polyvinyl alcohol product viscosity and design of optimal process conditions","authors":"Ryota Nomura,&nbsp;Yoshihito Yamauchi,&nbsp;Hiroto Misawa,&nbsp;Kosuke Nishigaya,&nbsp;Satoshi Ooyama,&nbsp;Hiromasa Kaneko","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00939-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00939-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We developed a soft sensor to predict polyvinyl alcohol viscosity and designed process conditions to reach the target range. Using squared and cross terms and time-series data improved prediction accuracy. In the case study, optimal conditions brought off-target products into range.</p>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 7","pages":"625 - 633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44211-026-00939-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}