Analytical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Development of machine learning models for predicting properties of carbon materials and design of process conditions for production of materials with desired multiple properties","authors":"Masayoshi Matsubara,&nbsp;Ryo Sasaki,&nbsp;Jun P. Takahara,&nbsp;Shinji Moritake,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Harada,&nbsp;Hiromasa Kaneko","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00890-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00890-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cokes are an essential material in the iron and steel industry, and widely used as a fuel and for reducing iron ore. The product properties of cokes are influenced by raw materials and process conditions, which in turn affect its performance. Because raw material components vary depending on the origin and production period, product properties can fluctuate even under the same process conditions, and thus, it is necessary to design appropriate process conditions for each raw material. The objective in this study is to construct machine learning models that predict product properties from raw materials and process conditions using data sets measured in needle and pitch coke production processes, and to design appropriate process conditions that achieve desired values of properties by inverse analysis of the constructed models. To select appropriate process conditions and their time delays for a data set, we propose a method called NSGA-II-VDS, combining elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and genetic algorithm-based process variable and dynamics selection (GAVDS), for multiple product properties, and confirmed that the proposed NSGA-II-VDS could construct models with higher prediction accuracy than the conventional GAVDS. Furthermore, we constructed models using a data set where time-series data was interpolated based on the maximum batch time for each process condition for a batch process data set. By inputting time-series data generated virtually into the constructed models for raw material information for a target product, we successfully designed process conditions predicted to achieve the desired product property values by selecting time-series data with promising predicted product quality values.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 7","pages":"521 - 533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44211-026-00890-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple hydrofluoric acid-free pressurized-cavity microwave-assisted acid digestion method for determination of impurity elements in recycled carbon fibers with ICP-MS","authors":"Tetsuya Nakazato,&nbsp;Yoshiki Makino","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00886-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00886-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A simple method was proposed for the determination of 13 impurity elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in recycled carbon fibers (rCFs) using pressurized-cavity microwave-assisted acid digestion without hydrofluoric acid (HF) combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Elevating the digestion temperature to 280 °C under pressurized conditions facilitated the dissolution of the target elements in rCF, even when present in refractory forms. Because certified reference materials of rCF samples for determining impurity elements were unavailable, the validity of the proposed method was confirmed by comparing its analytical results with those obtained using a HF-added digestion method, which completely decomposes silica, followed by the dissolution of the bound target elements. The proposed method was further validated by analyzing carbon- and metal-based certified reference materials and metal oxides as analogous to the refractory components of rCF. However, the limited decomposition of refractory rutile-type titania suggests an upper limit of 890 mg/kg for titanium determination using the proposed HF-free method. The limits of detection ranged from 0.0014 mg/kg for cobalt to 0.72 mg/kg for potassium. Ten of the 13 elements showed lower limits than those of the HF-added method because of less contamination. Operationally, the HF-free method is safer and simpler because it avoids the use of hazardous HF and does not require HF-elimination treatment.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"257 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical analysis of miRNA for liquid biopsy","authors":"Shinobu Sato","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00870-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00870-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"129 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced electrochemical biosensing exploiting mussel-inspired polydopamine interfaces","authors":"Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Shichao Zhao,&nbsp;Yanfei Lv,&nbsp;Fei Chen,&nbsp;Li Fu","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00881-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00881-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review comprehensively examines the burgeoning field of electrochemical biosensors enhanced by mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) interfaces. PDA, derived from the oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine, offers remarkable substrate-independent adhesion, versatile chemical reactivity via catechol and amine groups, and inherent biocompatibility, making it an attractive material for surface functionalization in biosensing. We delve into the fundamental aspects of PDA synthesis pathways and the resulting physicochemical properties crucial for electrode modification, including adhesion mechanisms, film formation control, functional group availability, and electrochemical characteristics. Diverse strategies for engineering PDA interfaces on electrode surfaces are systematically reviewed, encompassing direct coating, composite formation with various nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, layer-by-layer assembly, and controlled electropolymerization. The review categorizes and critically analyzes the wide array of applications reported for PDA-based electrochemical biosensors, focusing on the detection of key analytes such as disease biomarkers, pathogens, neurotransmitters, small molecules, and environmental toxins. Performance metrics, including sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection, and stability, are discussed in relation to the advantages conferred by the PDA interface. Finally, current challenges, such as optimizing PDA conductivity and long-term stability, and future perspectives, including the development of multiplexed platforms and potential in vivo applications, are addressed.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"207 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoporous polydopamine microspheres for rapid ppb-level ultra-sensitive formaldehyde detection","authors":"Luyu Wang,&nbsp;Jia Song,&nbsp;Chunyang Yu","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00883-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00883-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mesoporous polydopamine (PDA) microspheres were synthesized and employed as the sensing layer of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor for ultra-sensitive formaldehyde (HCHO) detection. Structural characterizations confirm uniform spherical morphology, abundant mesopores (~ 20 nm), and a high specific surface area of 62.28 m²/g, providing rich adsorption sites. Benefiting from the porous architecture and abundant functional groups, the optimized sensor exhibits a minimum test concentration of 5 ppb, a high sensitivity of 2.451 Hz/ppb, and an excellent linear response (R² = 0.9966) in the 5–40 ppb range. Rapid response and recovery times of 3 s and 4 s are achieved at room temperature. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates good repeatability, long-term stability, and high selectivity toward HCHO, with humidity shown to further enhance the sensing response. These results highlight the strong potential of mesoporous PDA microspheres for high-performance HCHO sensing.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div><div><p>The high sensitivity of QCM sensors based on mesoporous polydopamine microspheres has opened up a new path for ppb level formaldehyde detection.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 6","pages":"355 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting the catalytic nanozyme activity of liquid phase exfoliated MoSe2 nanosheets for selective colorimetric detection of cadmium (II)","authors":"Shahnaz Shabnam,&nbsp;Debraj Nandi,&nbsp;Gazi Ameen Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00879-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00879-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cadmium (Cd²⁺), which is a highly toxic heavy metal pollutant with severe health and environmental implications, demanding the development of rapid, cost-effective, and selective, one pot detection strategies. In this work, we report the synthesis of two-dimensional molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂) nanosheets via liquid-phase exfoliation and its application as a peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme and for the first time, pristine MoSe₂ nanosheets are employed for the colorimetric detection of Cd²⁺ ions. The structural and optical characterization of exfoliated MoSe₂ nanosheets was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field effect scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Raman spectroscopy, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, which confirmed few-layer exfoliation. The exfoliated MoSe₂ nanosheets exhibited pronounced peroxidase-like activity and we have studied distinct changes in vibrational features after MoSe₂ and Cd²⁺ ions incorporation, evidencing their role in catalytic activity and Cd²⁺ binding. Cd²⁺ ions were selectively detected using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the chromogenic substrate, achieving a detection limit of 0.047 ppm. These results highlight the potential of MoSe₂ nanosheets as a robust, portable, and cost-effective sensing platform for real-time environmental monitoring of cadmium contamination.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"237 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid detection based on single-cluster analysis of cross-linking aggregates of DNA-modified gold nanoparticles using a dark-field microscope","authors":"Yuki Tanaka,&nbsp;Nanami Fukuzumi,&nbsp;Gen Hirao,&nbsp;Atsushi Ogawa,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Asahi,&nbsp;Mizuo Maeda,&nbsp;Tamotsu Zako","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00878-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00878-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been utilised as colorimetric biosensors because of their optical properties. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-immobilised AuNPs (ssDNA-AuNPs) are widely used for nucleic acid detection. AuNPs strongly scatter light, allowing individual particles to be observed using dark-field microscope (DFM). In this study, we performed target ssDNA detection using the cross-linked aggregation of ssDNA-AuNPs via DFM. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined by evaluating the aggregation ratio of the ssDNA-AuNPs estimated at the single-cluster level using DFM images. The LOD for the target ssDNA detection based on the intensity of each spot in the DFM image was 15 pM. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to perform a single-cluster analysis based on the red/gree/blue (RGB) values of individual spots in DFM images, and the LOD was determined to be 13 pM. These LOD values are approximately 50 times lower than those obtained using the colorimetric method. Our results indicate that single-cluster analysis based on the intensity or colour of each spot in DFM images enables sensitive detection of target molecules.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"201 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146225111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical determination of endotoxins in dialysates using a carbon nanotube/polymyxin B electrode","authors":"Mayo Ide,&nbsp;Hitoshi Muguruma","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00885-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00885-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as an endotoxin, poses serious health risks, such as sepsis, shock, and fever. Detecting LPS is important for hemodiafiltration therapy. In this study, an electrochemical LPS sensor with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polymyxin B (PmB) was developed for the first time. Layer-by-layer fabrication was done using dispersed CNTs and a PmB solution. LPS selectively bound to sensing elements and hindered redox reaction of markers, causing the peak current to decrease. As the LPS concentration increased, the number of LPS molecules bound to sensing elements increased, and fewer markers could approach the electrode surface. Consequently, the peak current decreased with increasing LPS concentration. The CNTs contribute to enhance the electrochemical current due to marker ion because of theirs high conductivity and catalytic ability. PmB discriminates LPS, and the CNTs enhance the signal arising from this response. The measurement range was 10 fg/mL–10 ng/mL. This sensor did not respond to other chemicals, such as human serum albumin, glucose, and bicarbonate, present in biological samples. This performance makes it suitable for water quality management of dialysis fluids, helping reduce the workload of clinical engineers. The CNT-based platform can be expanded to detect other targets and has the potential for widespread application in various areas.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"281 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamental characteristics of voltage-modulated helium plasma for multi-element analysis in low-volume samples","authors":"Yuya Shimizu,&nbsp;Masaya Tahara,&nbsp;Yuwa Ando,&nbsp;Kai Fukuchi,&nbsp;Akane Yaida,&nbsp;Yukiko Moriiwa,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Morioka,&nbsp;Atsushi Shoji,&nbsp;Akitoshi Okino","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00880-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00880-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-sensitivity multi-element analysis of low-volume samples remains a challenge in plasma-based analytical methods because optimal excitation conditions differ among elements and conventional steady-state plasma require relatively large sample volumes. In this study, we developed a voltage-modulated helium plasma in which the applied voltage was continuously varied over short time intervals to dynamically control the plasma energy state. The fundamental characteristics of plasma were evaluated in terms of gas temperature, emission spectrum, and excitation temperature. Under steady-state operation, plasma length, gas temperature, and excitation temperature increased with increasing applied voltage, confirming that the plasma energy state can be controlled by applied voltage. In the voltage-modulated plasma, emission intensity and excitation temperature responded rapidly to voltage changes, enabling the generation of plasma with different energy states within a short time. Notably, the excitation temperature, one of the key indicators of the plasma energy state, was dynamically varied over a wide range of approximately 1900–3600 K. In addition, voltage modulation effectively suppressed the overall increase in plasma gas temperature caused by Joule heating, while maintaining high-energy plasma states during high-voltage periods. These results demonstrate that voltage-modulated plasma generation enables rapid switching between energy states optimized for different elements, offering a practical strategy for high-sensitivity multi-element analysis with significantly reduced sample consumption. The proposed method is particularly suitable for the analysis of small-volume and heat-sensitive samples.</p>\u0000 <span>AbstractSection</span>\u0000 Graphical abstract\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 4","pages":"227 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146211994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an isoflavone-based fluorescent probe for monitoring carboxylesterase on studying medicine-food homology samples","authors":"Juan Meng,&nbsp;Yangyang Guo,&nbsp;Fang Wang,&nbsp;Yingmiao Lai,&nbsp;Yingying Deng,&nbsp;Hongcun Liu","doi":"10.1007/s44211-026-00877-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44211-026-00877-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, for monitoring the carboxylesterase (CE) level on studying medicine-food homology samples, an isoflavone-based fluorescent probe, <b>IFone-CE</b>, was developed on the basis of the representative Formonetin and the extended saturated fatty acidic chain as the recognition group. A typical turning-on was established, which remained the modification potential. The probe <b>IFone-CE</b> suggested general advantages including a relatively rapid response, stable optical performance in various working conditions of pH, temperature, and storage. It also exhibited practical linear range, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low cyto-toxicity. The solution system containing <b>IFone-CE</b> achieved monitoring the biological efficacy of medicine-food homology samples. In the confocal imaging, <b>IFone-CE</b> realized the reduction and promotion effect of the samples in living colorectal cells. This work raised beneficial insights for the effective utilization of resources and medicinal chemistry research.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>An isoflavone-based fluorescent probe, <b>IFone-CE</b>, was developed for monitoring the carboxylesterase (CE) level on studying medicine-food homology samples. The design was on the basis of the representative Formonetin and the extended saturated fatty acidic chain as the recognition group. The probe <b>IFone-CE</b> suggested general advantages including a relatively rapid response, stable optical performance in various working conditions, practical linear range, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low cyto-toxicity. <b>IFone-CE</b> achieved monitoring the biological efficacy of medicine-food homology samples and imaging in living colorectal cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7802,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Sciences","volume":"42 3","pages":"181 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146163430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}