Science China Materials最新文献

{"title":"Urea synthesis via thermal catalytic coupling of N2 with CO2 on singly dispersed Co1Ru3 bimetallic clusters: a theoretical perspective","authors":"Qian Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Haiyan Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jin-Xia Liang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chun Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jun Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-026-4103-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-026-4103-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The industrial production of urea through the integrated Haber–Bosch and Bosch–Meiser processes involves high energy consumption and significant CO₂ emissions. Given the persistent technical challenges inherent in direct electrocatalytic methods, catalytic systems that enable the thermal coupling of N₂ and CO₂ under mild conditions represent a promising and sustainable approach to urea synthesis. Herein, we designed MXene-based bimetallic single-cluster catalysts, M₁Ru₃@Mo₂CO₂, in which the M₁Ru₃ cluster is stably anchored on the Mo₂CO₂ support. Using density functional theory calculations, we systematically evaluated the structural stability and adsorption capabilities of 3d transition metal variants (M = Sc to Zn) toward N₂, CO₂, and H₂. The results demonstrate that Co₁Ru₃@Mo₂CO₂ exhibits excellent thermodynamic stability and enables the synergistic activation of N₂, CO₂, and H₂, fulfilling the prerequisite conditions for catalyzing the direct coupling of N₂ and CO₂ to form urea. Further analysis reveals that Co₁Ru₃@Mo₂CO₂ efficiently promotes the direct thermal coupling of N–C into urea under mild conditions via the associative pathway, with the rate-determining step corresponding to the conversion of *NHNH₂ → *NH₂NH₂ with the low energy barrier of 1.16 eV. Under realistic conditions of 780 K and 29 bar, the calculated turnover frequency reaches 1.01 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ site⁻¹. The high catalytic performance arises from the ability of the Co₁Ru₃ bimetallic cluster to precisely modulate charge transfer between support and reaction intermediates. Moreover, the <i>in situ</i> generated NH₂ species acts as an autocatalyst for CO₂ hydrogenation, while the cluster selectively enhances the electrophilicity of the *CO intermediate, thereby facilitating the nucleophilic attack by *NH₂ and ensuring efficient C–N bond formation. The finding of the outstanding performance of Co₁Ru₃@Mo₂CO₂ single cluster catalysts could bypass the energy-intensive NH₃ synthesis step, reduce overall energy demand, and remain compatible with existing urea production infrastructure, thereby offering significant scientific and technological significance.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5757 - 5768"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition optimization of liquid Ga support for uniform Cu dispersion with sustainable electroreduction of CO2 to CH4","authors":"Chen Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yixiao Zou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jiajun Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zanyu Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenda Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Peng Cui \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jinfeng Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jing Mao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jia Ding \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaopeng Han \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenbin Hu \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4163-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4163-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liquid metals (LMs) have been regarded as a promising system for designing advanced catalysts due to their unique inherent and interfacial properties. However, the migration and aggregation of active metal species during long-term operation lead to a severe performance degradation. Herein, we report a composition optimization strategy for fabricating a Ga-In eutectic LM support and reducing the surface energy. Then, a homogeneous incorporation of Cu species into the liquid GaIn support has been achieved (named GaIn-Cu) and confirmed by comprehensive high-resolution characterizations. Compared with pristine Ga LMs, the as-synthesized GaIn eutectic LMs enable a continuous and uniform dispersion of Cu active sites, thus effectively inhibiting the migration and formation of CuGa₂ intermetallic phases during CO₂ electroreduction reaction (CO₂RR). As a result, the GaIn-10-Cu catalyst achieved a maximum CH₄ Faradaic efficiency of 73.49% at −0.8 V_{vs. RHE}, which is significantly higher than that of Ga-Cu (61.49%). Moreover, the GaIn-10-Cu catalyst showed a significantly enhanced stability for the CH₄ generation over 40 h of continuous operation. <i>In-situ</i> spectroscopic studies revealed that the GaIn-10-Cu catalyst favored the formation and protonation of key *CHO and *OCH₃ intermediates, steering the reaction selectively toward CH₄. This work demonstrates that tuning the compositional property of LMs can significantly modulate the performance of catalytic sites, and also provides a promising strategy for developing highly durable and selective LM-based materials for electrocatalysis.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5578 - 5587"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly fluorescent tumor-targeting photosensitizer for DSLR camera image-guided two-photon photodynamic therapy","authors":"Qiuyu Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaohong Pan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yaqi Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Hongyu Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Liangzhi Cai \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaoying Shang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenzhen Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jincan Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhuo Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4098-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4098-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorescence image-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) enables real-time monitoring of photosensitizer biodistribution and metabolism for optimized treatment timing. However, its application remains limited, in part, by the reliance on high-end imaging systems. To address this, we designed three novel small-molecule photosensitizers (TTNb, TTAn and TTPh) based on a 2-vinylbenzoic acid scaffold, functionalized at the 5-position with nitro, amino, or hydrogen groups, respectively. Strikingly, replacing the nitro group with amino or hydrogen switched their aggregation behavior from aggregation-induced emission (AIE) to aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), accompanied by a red-to-green fluorescence shift and subcellular relocation from liposomes to lysosomes. These findings not only establish key design principles for developing ratiometric nitroreductase probes—a currently underexplored class of sensors—but also enable systematic comparison between AIE and ACQ photosensitizers. Among these compounds, TTAn exhibited superior cellular uptake (2800 times higher than the clinical photosensitizer Ce6 in Eca-109 cells), specific lysosomal targeting, balanced reactive oxygen species (singlet oxygen/superoxide anion) generation, and intense fluorescence. Under white light irradiation, TTAn achieved an exceptional IC₅₀ of 21 nM, surpassing Ce6 by 50-fold. Notably, TTAn produced strong fluorescence in mice tumors under both one- and two-photon excitation, detectable using conventional imaging tools (e.g., smartphones, DSLR cameras) or even visible to the naked eyes, confirming its outstanding tumor specificity. Leveraging these advantages, TTAn enabled successful image-guided two-photon PDT in Eca-109 tumor-bearing mice with just a single treatment, demonstrating potent therapeutic efficacy and biosafety. This work provides a strategic blueprint for developing small-molecule theranostic agents that operate without complex fluorescence imaging systems.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5803 - 5813"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-color high brightness Micro-LED displays with high bonding yield realized via photosensitive conductive polymeric bumps","authors":"Qian Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinrui Huang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xin Wu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jinkun Jiang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xin Lin \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shuaishuai Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Taifu Lang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Peiquan Zheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chang Lin \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jie Sun \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiao Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiongtu Zhou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qun Yan \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4009-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4009-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micro light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) display technology is regarded as a promising next-generation display technology due to its advantages of high brightness, high contrast, low power consumption, long life, and fast response. However, with the aggressive downscaling of Micro-LED size to only a few microns, when the pixel density is high, the lift-off fabrication of metal bumps used as the soldered joints between the Micro-LEDs and the driver substrate becomes increasingly difficult. Therefore, achieving a high-yield bump array becomes challenging under high-density conditions. In this study, we innovatively use a photosensitive conductive polymer (PCP) to replace conventional metal bumps, serving as a new bonding material between Micro-LEDs and the driving substrate, which can be used to fabricate polymeric micro-bump arrays through well-established photolithography, elegantly bypassing the complex lift-off process in the preparation of traditional metal bumps, and yet keeping a low risk of short circuits. We innovatively use isopropyl alcohol to regulate the wettability of the developer to obtain the best development effect and prepare bump arrays with a bump size of 20 µm × 12 µm and a height of (1.9288 ± 0.0213) µm on thin-film transistor drivers (TFTs) with a yield of over 99.99%. In addition, we successfully resolved the issue of low bonding yield resulting from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thermal expansion, achieving a bonding yield exceeding 99.8%, and a 0.99-inch full-color Micro-LED display with a density of 114 pixels per inch (PPI) and a display brightness of 5537 cd/m² was successfully prepared. It is noteworthy that the high-yield bump arrays and Micro-LED arrays, as well as their high bonding yield, are highly reproducible, which can promote the development of Micro-LED displays and related fields.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 8","pages":"4820 - 4831"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid room-temperature functionalization of boron nitride via catalytic hydrosilane grafting: surface engineering and mechanistic insights","authors":"Chengfeng Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinrang Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Haixin Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shuangjian Yu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhenghai Tang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Baochun Guo \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Liqun Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4096-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4096-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the excellent properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanomaterials, their application remains limited due to severe aggregation caused by undesirable surface properties. Existing methods for modifying h-BN surfaces by covalently grafting organics often struggle to balance time efficiency, energy consumption and h-BN’s structural integrity. This study introduces a rapid, room-temperature catalytic grafting strategy for h-BN functionalization. Using tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C₆F₅)₃) as a catalyst enables the facile grafting of hydrosilanes onto h-BN nanoflakes bearing edge hydroxyl groups, through a reaction between B–OH groups and activated Si–H bonds. This mild functionalization strategy proceeds with excellent retention of the structural integrity of h-BN. Density functional theory calculations substantiate the catalytic feasibility of the reaction and elucidate its mechanism, involving initial hydrosilane activation, subsequent nucleophilic attack on the silicon center, and final dehydrogenation to yield the modified h-BN and B(C₆F₅)₃. Two possible reaction pathways, the backside-attack and flank-attack mechanisms, are identified through computational analysis. Notably, the hydrosilane modification significantly enhances h-BN dispersibility in low-polarity solvents and provides tunability of surface properties. This rapid and efficient modification method offers a versatile platform for h-BN surface engineering, enabling broader practical application of h-BN nanomaterials.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5540 - 5549"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the bilayer-cooperative transformation mechanism at the α/β-Si3N4 interface via machine-learning simulations","authors":"Yuxuan Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Guanchen Dong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qing-an Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Huanrong Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Rui Su \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Pengfei Guan \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-026-4088-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-026-4088-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) is a strong, thermally stable covalent ceramic that is typically regarded as brittle with limited deformability. A recent experimental study combined with density functional theory (DFT) indicates that the <i>α/β</i> interface undergoes a <i>β</i>→<i>α</i> transformation via sliding followed by bond-switching, suggesting a pathway to achieve plasticity, but DFT’s spatiotemporal reach prevents a full mechanistic picture. Here, we develop a physics-informed high-accuracy neural network interatomic potential (NNAP) model with DFT-level accuracy for the phase transformations and use it to perform large-scale atomistic simulations. NNAP-guided simulations show that structural relaxation during the relative sliding between <i>α</i>- and <i>β</i>-phases at the interface triggers pronounced atomic-layer rearrangements and lowers the energy barrier by nearly 60%. We further find that the ensuing phase transformation does not proceed by isolated layer-by-layer switching but instead follows in-plane nucleation and growth mediated by a bilayer cooperative mechanism, which further reduces kinetic barriers and facilitates the transformation. These results provide new atomistic insights into interface-driven phase transformations in dual-phase Si₃N₄ and offer guidance for designing more deformable covalent ceramics.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5748 - 5756"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additively manufactured metal matrix composites: a review of fatigue and creep resistance for in-service conditions","authors":"Haris Farooq Kiani,&nbsp;Yi Duan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Nan Xiao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shaofan Ge \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zan Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4083-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4083-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal additive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the manufacturing of arbitrary 3D structures with previously unreachable degrees of freedom. Nowadays, parts are facing the challenges of working at in-service conditions in order to improve the overall performance of the components. This requires materials with multiple functionalities such as high-temperature mechanical properties, high fatigue and creep resistance abilities. Metal matrix composites, with reinforcing particles embedded within the metals/alloys, are promising for addressing some (or all) of the above requirements for harsh working environments. However, the microstructures are hard to design and produce due to the complex phase diffusion/reaction and melt flow dynamics under the non-equilibrium fabrication nature of AM. This review focuses specifically on the fatigue and creep resistance of AM MMCs under in-service conditions, with an emphasis on how composite strategies influence these properties. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these property benefits of AM processing are also interpreted and discussed. This review could provide insight into future directions for the development of this kind of materials for more critical applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5363 - 5384"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly stable halide perovskite quantum dots embedded in nanoporous glass via Pb2+ anchored nano-confined aqueous synthesis","authors":"Qixuan Lu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Kai Feng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Daqian Wu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Fengxian Zhou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaowu Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinyi Kuang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zeyu Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhengzheng Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhiping Hu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jin He \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Juan Du \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-4067-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-4067-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Confined growth of metal halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) in porous matrices yields improved stability and sensitivity for their implementation in luminescent chemical sensing applications. Here, we realized the synthesis of highly stable (water, photo, and thermal) and luminescent CsPbX₃ QDs within the nanoporous glass (NG). This is achieved by a nano-confined aqueous synthesis of CsPbBr₃ QDs in Pb-anchored NG. Benefiting from strong Pb–O–Si chemical bonding between the perovskite QDs and the NG matrix, the stability of the encapsulated perovskite QDs is significantly enhanced. The emission of the perovskite NG can be tuned from 440 to 760 nm. By integrating green- and red-emitting perovskite NG onto a blue LED chip, stable WLEDs were successfully fabricated. This facile approach enables the integration of ultra-stable perovskite QDs within transparent porous monoliths toward diverse luminescent chemical sensing applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5477 - 5484"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Pinning effect” mitigating Jahn-Teller distortion of manganese-rich phosphate cathodes in sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Zihao Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Dongzhu Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yongtao Ma \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xuexia Song \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jingjing Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yanyan Cao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhaowen Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xuan Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jiangtao Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiangyang Xie \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wei Huang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yukun Xi \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Ningjing Hou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaoxue Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenbin Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xifei Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-026-4132-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-026-4132-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The manganese-iron-based mixed polyanionic cathode material has gradually garnered considerable attention due to its high energy density and notable operating voltage advantages for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the Jahn-Teller distortion caused by Mn³⁺ significantly impairs the cyclic stability of this material. Herein, a structural modulation strategy involving Mg²⁺ doping is employed. The electrochemically inert Mg²⁺ forms stronger chemical bonds, adjusts lattice parameters, and suppresses Jahn-Teller distortion, thereby markedly enhancing the structural stability of the cathode material for SIBs. Moreover, Mg²⁺ further enhances the diffusion kinetics by widening the sodium-ion diffusion channels. In addition, the construction of an <i>in-situ</i> three-dimensional conductive network of carbon nanotubes significantly improves the electronic conductivity. As a result, this material exhibits a discharge-specific capacity of 126 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C, which is close to the theoretical capacity (129 mAh g⁻¹), and maintains high-capacity cyclic stability (80% after 3000 cycles) at 0.5 C. Furthermore, the system delivers an impressively high energy density (401 Wh kg⁻¹), a value that stands among the highest reported so far in mixed phosphate systems. Therefore, the novel manganese-iron-based mixed polyanionic cathode material developed in this work holds great potential for large-scale energy storage applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 9","pages":"5614 - 5625"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in luminescent COFs: structural design, performance improvement and tuning, and optical applications","authors":"Yanyan Qin \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Mingbing Lian \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zilong Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wei Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jianjun Wu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Pengfei She \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qichun Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-026-4102-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-026-4102-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted significant interest as an emerging class of crystalline functional materials. The development of luminescent COFs with superior emission performance has long been a core objective for advanced photoluminescence techniques, yet it remains a persistent challenge due to the diverse nonradiative energy dissipation pathways in COFs. This review focuses on luminescent COFs from the perspectives of structural design, performance improvement and tuning, and luminescence mechanisms. In particular, the structural design strategies and dominant factors governing the luminescence efficiency are summarized. Moreover, elucidating the structure–property relationships of luminescent COFs is crucial for broadening their practical applications. Finally, the current challenges and future developments based on luminescent COFs are presented.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"69 10","pages":"6192 - 6211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40843-026-4102-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}