Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence最新文献

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[The "addiction trends" seen among the wives of alcoholics. Report 2]. 在酗酒者的妻子中看到的“成瘾趋势”。报告2]。
A Ino, K Sugino, M Shimura
{"title":"[The \"addiction trends\" seen among the wives of alcoholics. Report 2].","authors":"A Ino,&nbsp;K Sugino,&nbsp;M Shimura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been known that wives of alcoholics tend to show an unhealthy relation with their husbands. The test called ASTWA (Addictions Screening Test for Wives of Alcoholics), which we developed earlier and reported in the previous paper in detail, might be useful for both wives and therapists for helpful suggestions. In this report, the present authors try to evaluate the ASTWA scores obtained from the wives, which consist of \"a total score,\" \"caring trends\", \"dominating trends,\" \"obsessive traits,\" and \"trends toward lowering of self-esteem,\" making clear each of the critical points between normal and abnormal sifting trends with the help of a normal control study. The results are demonstrated graphically as in the YG Test. In this way, the reliability, the validity, and the usefulness of ASTWA were confirmed in the process of this study. A prospective study concerning the prognosis of alcoholism of their husbands in relation to the results of ASTWA was carried out. In the non-intervened group, wives of the abstinence group tended to show a lower score than in those of the slipped group in terms of the total score, the dominating trends, the obsessive traits, and the trends toward lowering of self-esteem. In the group in which three months of initial therapy for wives have been completed, a significant parallel correlation was found between the ASTWA results and the prognosis of abstinence of their husbands. These results suggest that the total score, the caring trends, dominating trends, and the involved traits would indicate a degree of healthiness or unhealthiness in the marital relationship, particularly in terms of a circular cause and effect relation in developing alcoholism, and also would be a prospective indicator of the prognosis of alcoholism of their husbands.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 2","pages":"121-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19184149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy which accompanied a passing blindness]. [一例伴有暂时性失明的韦尼克脑病]。
H Miyashita, T Saitho, N Nakano, H Ishigaki, M Ikemoto, K Uthumi, M Watanabe, N Takahata
{"title":"[A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy which accompanied a passing blindness].","authors":"H Miyashita,&nbsp;T Saitho,&nbsp;N Nakano,&nbsp;H Ishigaki,&nbsp;M Ikemoto,&nbsp;K Uthumi,&nbsp;M Watanabe,&nbsp;N Takahata","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The case of a chronic alcoholic patient with Wernicke's encephalopathy accompanied by passing blindness is reported and the alcoholic amblyopia is discussed in this study. The patient was a 39 year-old male who had been a heavy drinker for 13 years, and was habitually inebriated for the last one year. Disturbance of consciousness ataxia of gait, nystagmus and blindness were manifested on admission. Decreased level of serum vitamin B1 was also recognized at admission. The symptoms diminished from about a month after admission except for horizontal nystagmus. Since the patient had racket-like scotoma in his central visual field, his blindness was thought to be alcoholic amblyopia. Although alcohol dependence is associated with many physical disabilities, there are few reports about Wernicke's encephalopathy with alcoholic amblyopia. This case demonstrates the importance of careful physical examination for understanding alcohol-related disabilities and alcohol dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 2","pages":"114-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19183288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cocaine abuse in Japan. 日本的可卡因滥用。
K Wada
{"title":"Cocaine abuse in Japan.","authors":"K Wada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the past several years, Japan has seen an emergence of cocaine abuse. Although there were only 43 cocaine-related arrests in 1988, the number in 1989 jumped to 96-more than double the previous year. In 1991, the number increased to 122. National Police Agency data shows that about 50% of methamphetamine (MAP) violators had been arrested for drug use. In comparison, only about 5% of cocaine arrests were for drug use, whereas about 50% were for possession, a pattern more similar to that of marijuana violators than MAP violators. More violators were in their 20's for cocaine and marijuana violations than for MAP violations. The percentage of foreigners involved was about 27% for cocaine and about 10% for marijuana, figures greater than the percentage for MAP (about 4%). The first cocaine patients to emerge were the two reported in a 1989 nationwide psychiatric hospital survey. This came two years after the first reporting of marijuana patients. In a similar 1991 survey, two more cocaine patients were reported. Three of the four cocaine patients had abused marijuana prior to abusing cocaine. Marijuana patients and MAP patients have the following demographic differences: about 57% of marijuana patients but only about 4% of MAP patients had enrolled in junior colleges, colleges or universities; and about 71% of marijuana patients but only about 5% of MAP patients were from high income families. Only about 14% of marijuana patients but about 74% of MAP patients had previously been apprehended. These patterns suggest that, demographically, cocaine abusers in Japan are more similar to marijuana abusers than MAP abusers.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 2","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19184151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The effect of flumazenil administration on acute cocaine intoxication of rats]. 氟马西尼对大鼠急性可卡因中毒的影响。
F Uki, M Nihira, K Hirakawa, K Uekusa
{"title":"[The effect of flumazenil administration on acute cocaine intoxication of rats].","authors":"F Uki,&nbsp;M Nihira,&nbsp;K Hirakawa,&nbsp;K Uekusa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flumazenil was studied on cocaine intoxicated rats for its preventive effect on seizure, death and loss of righting reflex. Two minutes after the intraperitoneal injection of cocaine (70 mg/kg) into a rat, flumazenil and diazepam were administered at the clinically corresponding dose intraperitoneally. Flumazenil at a dose 0.125 mg/kg extended the onset time of the cocaine induced seizure. Flumazenil at 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg with diazepam 2.0 mg/kg, prevented the seizure, and kept righting reflex. It was observed that use of flumazenil in combination with cocaine had the effect of the benzodiazepine receptor.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 2","pages":"92-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19184152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The genotype of CYP2E1 and liver-derived serum enzymes]. [CYP2E1与肝源性血清酶基因型]。
K Iwahashi, R Miyatake, H Suwaki, K Nakamura, K Orino
{"title":"[The genotype of CYP2E1 and liver-derived serum enzymes].","authors":"K Iwahashi,&nbsp;R Miyatake,&nbsp;H Suwaki,&nbsp;K Nakamura,&nbsp;K Orino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We determined the genotypes of the CYP2E1 loci of Japanese alcoholics with or without liver dysfunction to investigate the relationship between CYP2E1 and the susceptibility to alcoholic liver-injury. In the alcoholics (DSM-III-R) with a liver dysfunction, there was a significant relationship between the serum concentration of a liver-derived serum enzyme LAP and the C2 allele of CYP2E1.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 2","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18906595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Withdrawal characteristics following frequent intravenous administration of several opioids in rats]. [大鼠频繁静脉注射几种阿片类药物后的戒断特征]。
Y Wakasa, T Kawaguchi, T Yanagita
{"title":"[Withdrawal characteristics following frequent intravenous administration of several opioids in rats].","authors":"Y Wakasa,&nbsp;T Kawaguchi,&nbsp;T Yanagita","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Characteristics of withdrawal signs of several opioids were compared in rats after short-term frequent intravenous infusions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with catheters implanted in the jugular veins were infused with a fixed dose of a drug hourly for 72 hrs. Thirty min after the final infusion, naloxone 4 mg/kg, s.c. was administered and withdrawal signs were observed for 1 hr and the severity of the withdrawal signs was scored, classified into a behavioral sign score, autonomic sign score, and body weight loss score. As a result, total withdrawal scores of morphine, methadone, d-propoxyphene, loperamide, tramadol, and pentazocine were significantly higher than that of saline, with the highest score being observed for 4 mg/kg or more of morphine. The total score of ethylketocyclazocine was slightly but significantly higher than that of saline. Buprenorphine and thebaine produced no observable withdrawal signs. The behavioral sign score tended to be higher than the other 2 scores in the drugs showing relatively low but significant total scores such as tramadol, pentazocine, and ethylketocyclazocine, while the score of autonomic signs or the body weight loss tended to be higher in drugs showing high total scores. Thus, in the case of opioids, it is considered that the severity of withdrawal signs was mainly derived from the autonomic signs including diarrhea which may result in body weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 1","pages":"40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19127292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Relationship between alcoholism and genotypes of acetaldehyde-metabolizing enzymes]. 酒精中毒与乙醛代谢酶基因型的关系
K Iwahashi, K Nakamura, H Suwaki, R Miyatake, Y Matsuo, Y Ichikawa, K Orino
{"title":"[Relationship between alcoholism and genotypes of acetaldehyde-metabolizing enzymes].","authors":"K Iwahashi,&nbsp;K Nakamura,&nbsp;H Suwaki,&nbsp;R Miyatake,&nbsp;Y Matsuo,&nbsp;Y Ichikawa,&nbsp;K Orino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genotypes of the CYP2E1 and ALDH2 loci in alcoholic and non-alcoholic (healthy) Japanese were investigated to examine the relationship between the polymorphisms of CYP2E1 (C1/C2) and ALDH2 (ALDH2*1/ALDH2*2), and the susceptibility to alcoholism. There was no significant difference in C2 gene frequency between alcoholics (0.20) and non-alcoholics (0.19), while there was a significant difference in ALDH2 allele frequency, suggesting that the C2 allele of CYP2E1 may have nothing to the risk of developing alcoholism in Japanese, whereas the ALDH2*1 allele may influence drinking behavior and the development of alcoholism.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 1","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19127252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Concentrations of ethanol and ethanol metabolites and symptoms of acute alcohol-intoxicated patients]. [急性酒精中毒患者的乙醇和乙醇代谢物浓度与症状]。
M Kitazawa, S Tsukamoto, T Kanegae, J Tie, Y Kaneko, R Shiratori, S Oshida
{"title":"[Concentrations of ethanol and ethanol metabolites and symptoms of acute alcohol-intoxicated patients].","authors":"M Kitazawa,&nbsp;S Tsukamoto,&nbsp;T Kanegae,&nbsp;J Tie,&nbsp;Y Kaneko,&nbsp;R Shiratori,&nbsp;S Oshida","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five patients who presented to an emergency room and did not have other injury and disease with acute alcohol intoxication were analyzed about blood and urine ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetate and acetone levels. The average concentrations of ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetate and acetone in blood were 37.0 mM (1.7 mg/ml), 18 microM, 1.00 mM and 18 microM, respectively and the concentrations in urine were 50.8 mM (2.3 mg/ml), 37 microM, 0.79 mM and 47 microM, respectively. Clinical symptoms were concerned with both ethanol concentration and concentrations of ethanol metabolites. Their symptoms of acute alcohol-intoxicated patients were caused by the ethanol concentrations which was less than the levels reported in early studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 1","pages":"31-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19127291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Comparative study of health problems between wives of alcoholics and control wives]. [酗酒者妻子与对照妻子健康问题的比较研究]。
N Okazaki, S Fujita, K Suzuki, Y Niimi, Y Mizutani, H Kohno
{"title":"[Comparative study of health problems between wives of alcoholics and control wives].","authors":"N Okazaki,&nbsp;S Fujita,&nbsp;K Suzuki,&nbsp;Y Niimi,&nbsp;Y Mizutani,&nbsp;H Kohno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study involves an the analysis of health problems and psychosomatic disorders between wives of alcoholics and those of non-alcoholics. The subjects of the study were 122 wives of alcoholics who accompanied their husbands for outpatient alcoholism treatment at Kurihama National Hospital. For an appropriate comparison, 88 aged-matched wives of non-alcoholic husbands were asked to cooperate as controls. The subjects were given Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and our original questionnaire on their own and their husbands' health problems on their first outpatient visit. The controls were also given them during the same research period. The results are briefly summarized as follows: 1. The most obvious health problem of wives of alcoholics with an incidence significantly higher than that of wives of non-alcoholics was genital disease; 13.9% of the subjects had such diseases, in contrast to 1.1% of the controls. 2. The second health problem of the subjects which significantly exceeded that of the controls was cardiovascular disease (9.0% vs 1.1%). 3. The mean number of past illnesses of the subjects was 0.78 (SD 1.08) compared with 0.51 (SD 0.82) for the controls. 4. The rate of current illness of the subjects was 28.2% compared with 19.3% for the controls. 5. The rate of CMI Category IV (indicates \"neurotic\") of the subjects was 5.0% compared with 0.0% for the controls. 6. As a whole, our results were more moderate than those of previous studies, but wives of alcoholics had more current and past illness, and were more neurotic than the controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19127290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[A characteristic of alcoholics with the atypical aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2(2)--a relationship to other alcohol metabolizing enzymes]. [非典型醛脱氢酶(ALDH2)与其他酒精代谢酶的关系]。
K Nakamura, K Iwahashi, H Suwaki, R Miyatake, Y Matsuo, Y Ichikawa
{"title":"[A characteristic of alcoholics with the atypical aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2(2)--a relationship to other alcohol metabolizing enzymes].","authors":"K Nakamura,&nbsp;K Iwahashi,&nbsp;H Suwaki,&nbsp;R Miyatake,&nbsp;Y Matsuo,&nbsp;Y Ichikawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The series were composed of 59 alcoholics. All the subjects fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for alcohol dependency. We investigated the genotype at ALDH2. 6 patients were heterozygous ALDH2(1)/ALDH2(2). We determined the genotypes at ADH2, ADH3 and P-4502E1 about 6 patients. 5 patients had ADH2(1)/ADH2(1) allele. 2 patients had P-450E1*C2. We found a genetic characteristic about alcoholics with the heterozygous ALDH2(1)/ALDH2(2) allele.</p>","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"29 1","pages":"52-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19127251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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