Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence最新文献

Early onset of drinking and mortality among male alcoholics. A result of a 10-year prospective follow-up study in Hokkaido, Japan. 男性酗酒者的早期饮酒和死亡率。这是日本北海道一项为期10年的前瞻性随访研究的结果。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-12-01

M Mori, T Shirasaka

{"title":"Early onset of drinking and mortality among male alcoholics. A result of a 10-year prospective follow-up study in Hokkaido, Japan.","authors":"M Mori, T Shirasaka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the association of excessive alcoholic drinking and some other factors with mortality of alcoholics, we conducted a 10-year prospective follow-up study of 132 male alcoholic inpatients in Hokkaido, Japan. As a result, age at the baseline survey was significantly associated with the mortality (p < 0.05). Then, age-adjusted hazard ratios (or HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (or 95% CIs) were calculated for various variables with the Cox's proportional hazard model. The alcoholics with early onset of alcohol drinking (younger than or equal to 16 years old) were indicated as having significantly higher mortality than those with relatively late onset (older than 16 years) (HR = 3.49, 95%CI 1.46-8.35, p < 0.01). The trend of the age-adjusted hazard ratios in relation of early onset of drinking to mortality was significantly noted (trend, HR = 1.53, 95%CI 1.00-2.34, p = 0.05), even after age and the amount of alcoholic intake per opportunity simultaneously adjusted (trend, HR = 1.65, 95%CI 1.07-2.54, p < 0.05). It would be inferred from the finding that excessive alcoholic drinking during adolescence may deteriorate health status in male alcoholics and cause their higher mortality in adulthood.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"30 6","pages":"426-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19568037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Smoking habits in chronic schizophrenics]. 慢性精神分裂症患者的吸烟习惯。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-12-01

K Fukui, T Kobayashi, S Hayakawa, E Koga, S Okazaki, Y Kawashima, F Kawakami, Y Fukui, N Tani, A Kato

{"title":"[Smoking habits in chronic schizophrenics].","authors":"K Fukui, T Kobayashi, S Hayakawa, E Koga, S Okazaki, Y Kawashima, F Kawakami, Y Fukui, N Tani, A Kato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The smoking habits of 48 chronic schizophrenics who were inpatients of private psychiatric were examined. Subjects were divided into three groups; non-smokers, moderate smokers and heavy smokers, and tested by Fagerstrom's Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ) as a tobacco dependence evaluation, and Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) and Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) as a neuropsychological battery. In addition, we used the Scales for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) to evaluate the degree of schizophrenic negative symptoms, confirming the correlation between SANS score and the amount of nicotine intake or FTQ item. From the results of FTQ scores and their correlation with SANS scores, the amount of nicotine intake was significantly related to the severity of schizophrenic negative symptoms including affective blunting, poverty of thinking and attention impairment. BGT and BVRT showed disturbances in visual-motor gestalt function, and attention and memory, in chronic schizophrenics who smoked, especially in heavy smokers. These results suggest that smoking behavior in chronic schizophrenics might increase the individual vigilance against negative symptoms, from the perspective of self-medication.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"30 6","pages":"447-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19568039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Psychiatric studies on alcoholism in Japan]. [日本酒精中毒的精神病学研究]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-12-01

T Saito

引用次数: 0

[Alteration of drinking pattern after the entrance of university]. [进入大学后饮酒方式的改变]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-12-01

T Umezono, Y Kono, M Kawasaki, S Kin, Y Okamoto, M Kubota, N Wada, P Yuan, M Arai, I Okazaki

引用次数: 0

Effect of chronic ethanol on phospholipase A2- and C-activity in chick embryo brain, heart and liver. 慢性乙醇对鸡胚脑、心、肝磷脂酶A2-和c活性的影响。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-10-01

R Natsuki

{"title":"Effect of chronic ethanol on phospholipase A2- and C-activity in chick embryo brain, heart and liver.","authors":"R Natsuki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The activities of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and C (PLC) in subcellulal fractions from chick embryo brain, heart and liver were determined using the substrate 1-palmitoy 1-2-N-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole amino caproyl-phsphatidylcholine (NBD-PC), and the effect of chronic ethanol treatment on these activities was evaluated. PLA2 and PLC activities of each fraction were assayed by measuring release of N- (4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole) amino caproic acid (NBD-caproic acid) and of 1-palmitoy 1-2-NBD amino caproyl glycerol (NBD-DG) from exogenous NBD-PC. The microsomal membrane fluidity was estimated from diphenylhexatriene anisotropy (gamma). Cytosolic, mitochondorial, and microsomal subcellular fractions were prepared by differential centrifugation of homogenates of the brain, heart, and liver. Microsomal subcellular fractions from the brain, heart and liver of ethanol treated chick embryo showed significantly higher PLA2 and PLC specific activities than did corresponding fractions from non-treated chick embryo. Mitochondrial subcellular fractions from the brain and heart of ethanol-treated chick embryo also showed significantly higher PLA2 and PLC specific activities than the corresponding control fractions. Microsomal fractions from the brain and heart of ethanol-treated chick embryo decreased significantly the gamma than those of control. These results suggest that the change in the membrane fluidity is an apparent prerequisite for the changes of PLA2 and PLC activities.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"30 5","pages":"348-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19514506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Anabolic steroid abuse and mental disorder]. [合成类固醇滥用与精神障碍]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-10-01

Y Nakatani, M Udagawa

{"title":"[Anabolic steroid abuse and mental disorder].","authors":"Y Nakatani, M Udagawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on the psychiatric aspects of anabolic steroids (AS) abuse in the United States is reviewed. Since the 1980s the use of AS has become prevalent among adults and adolescents who are concerned with muscle size and strength, and the abuse of these agents is regarded as a serious drug problem. Researchers noticed that illicit, high-dose use of AS may produce not only somatic adverse effects but behavioral changes. Several studies using psychometry and questionnaires suggested that characteristic psychological phenomena such as increased aggression and irritability may be observed in AS abusers. Although the evidence determining the addictive potential of AS is limited, some authors provide evidence that the long-term use of AS may lead to a mental disorder which meets the DSM-III-R criteria of psychoactive substance abuse. Detailed case reports of AS-induced mental disorders are scarce, but characteristic symptoms, particularly major mood disturbances, have been recognized. Violent crimes committed by abusers taking large doses of AS have also been highlighted. In these cases the dangerous behavior appears to have been induced by aggression, grandiosity, and rage. This review indicates that empirical data specifying psychiatric effects of AS are not sufficient at present, and more attention needs to be paid to trends in AS abuse in Japan.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"30 5","pages":"333-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19514505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Amotivational syndrome of chronic organic solvent abusers--neuropsychological study]. 慢性有机溶剂滥用者的动机综合症——神经心理学研究。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-10-01

K Fukui, T Kobayashi, S Hayakawa, E Koga, I Ono, F Kawakami, Y Fukui, N Tani, A Kato, T Nakajima

引用次数: 0

[Psychological problem due to long-term organic solvent abuse]. 【长期滥用有机溶剂导致的心理问题】。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-10-01

T Kobayashi, K Fukui, S Hayakawa, E Koga, I Ono, Y Fukui, N Tani, A Kato, T Nakajima

引用次数: 0

[30th Conference of the Japanese Medical Society of Alcohol Studies. September 14-15, 1995. Osaka, Japan. Abstracts]. 日本酒精研究医学学会第30届会议。1995年9月14日至15日。日本大阪。摘要]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-08-01

引用次数: 0

[An experiment on drinking using breath alcohol monitor (Alcomed 3010) by an electrochemical method]. [电化学方法呼气酒精监测仪(Alcomed 3010)饮酒实验]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1995-06-01

S Tsukamoto, Y Matsumura, T Nagoya, M Shimamura, Y Mieda, T Kanegae, T Hatori, S Uchigasaki, T Muto, M Kitazawa

{"title":"[An experiment on drinking using breath alcohol monitor (Alcomed 3010) by an electrochemical method].","authors":"S Tsukamoto, Y Matsumura, T Nagoya, M Shimamura, Y Mieda, T Kanegae, T Hatori, S Uchigasaki, T Muto, M Kitazawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A drinking experiment was performed to evaluate the efficiency of a breath alcohol monitor, Alcomed 3010. The ethanol concentrations in blood and breath were determined by gas chromatography, and in particular the breath ethanol concentration was determined with the breath alcohol monitor and by gas chromatography. The results obtained by two methods were compared. Based on the blood and breath ethanol concentrations, the following conclusions were drawn reading the breath alcohol monitor. The monitor has practical merit for determination of the breath ethanol level. It is small, usable anywhere, with little error in determination. In measuring principle, tobacco and acetone did not affected levels with the meter, but methanol, n-propanol and n-butanol affected determinations with the alcohol monitor. The breath (AM)/blood (GC) ethanol ratio was 1:2555. Comparison of the values determined with the alcohol monitor and gas chromatography yielded the equation: y = 0.998 x +/- 0.012 (r = 0.994). When determinations were made on the pure ethanol gas by the meter and gas chromatograph, the equation was: y = 0.974 x +/- 0.021 (r = 0.994). It may be said therefore that the alcohol monitor is both practically and functionally excellent.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"30 3","pages":"121-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18637336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0