Faraday Discussions最新文献_第2页

Primary vesicoureteral reflux. 原发性膀胱输尿管反流。

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00560-8

Prem Puri, Florian Friedmacher, Marie-Klaire Farrugia, Shilpa Sharma, Ciro Esposito, Tej K Mattoo

{"title":"Primary vesicoureteral reflux.","authors":"Prem Puri, Florian Friedmacher, Marie-Klaire Farrugia, Shilpa Sharma, Ciro Esposito, Tej K Mattoo","doi":"10.1038/s41572-024-00560-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00560-8","url":null,"abstract":"Primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most common urological abnormalities in infants and children. The association of VUR, urinary tract infection (UTI) and renal parenchymal damage is well established. The most serious complications of VUR-associated reflux nephropathy are hypertension and proteinuria with chronic kidney disease. Over the past two decades, our understanding of the natural history of VUR has improved, which has helped to identify patients at increased risk of both VUR and VUR-associated renal injury. The main goals in the treatment of paediatric patients with VUR are the prevention of recurrent UTIs and minimizing the risk of renal scarring and long-term renal impairment. Currently, there are four options for managing primary VUR in infants and children: surveillance or intermittent treatment of UTIs with management of bladder and bowel dysfunction; continuous antibiotic prophylaxis; endoscopic subureteral injection of tissue-augmenting substances; and ureteral reimplantation via open, laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery. Current debates regarding key aspects of management include when to perform diagnostic imaging and how to best identify the paediatric patients that will benefit from continuous antibiotic prophylaxis or surgical intervention, including endoscopic injection therapy and minimally invasive ureteral reimplantation. Evolving technologies, such as artificial intelligence, have the potential to assist clinicians in the decision-making process and in the individualization of diagnostic imaging and treatment of infants and children with VUR in the future.","PeriodicalId":76,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"10 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":76.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scabies. 疥疮

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00552-8

Deepani D Fernando, Kate E Mounsey, Charlotte Bernigaud, Nuzhat Surve, Guadalupe E Estrada Chávez, Roderick J Hay, Bart J Currie, Olivier Chosidow, Katja Fischer

{"title":"Scabies.","authors":"Deepani D Fernando, Kate E Mounsey, Charlotte Bernigaud, Nuzhat Surve, Guadalupe E Estrada Chávez, Roderick J Hay, Bart J Currie, Olivier Chosidow, Katja Fischer","doi":"10.1038/s41572-024-00552-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00552-8","url":null,"abstract":"Scabies is one of the most common and highest-burden skin diseases globally. Estimates suggest that >200 million people worldwide have scabies at any one time, with an annual prevalence of 455 million people, with children in impoverished and overcrowded settings being the most affected. Scabies infection is highly contagious and leads to considerable morbidity. Secondary bacterial infections are common and can cause severe health complications, including sepsis or necrotizing soft-tissue infection, renal damage and rheumatic heart disease. There is no vaccine or preventive treatment against scabies and, for the past 30 years, only few broad-spectrum antiparasitic drugs (mainly topical permethrin and oral ivermectin) have been widely available. Treatment failure is common because drugs have short half-lives and do not kill all developmental stages of the scabies parasite. At least two consecutive treatments are needed, which is difficult to achieve in resource-poor and itinerant populations. Another key issue is the lack of a practical, rapid, cheap and accurate diagnostic tool for the timely detection of scabies, which could prevent the cycle of exacerbation and disease persistence in communities. Scabies control will require a multifaceted approach, aided by improved diagnostics and surveillance, new treatments, and increased public awareness.","PeriodicalId":76,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"10 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":76.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scabies. 疥疮

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00564-4

引用次数: 0

Non-small-cell lung cancer. 非小细胞肺癌

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00562-6

引用次数: 0

Non-small-cell lung cancer. 非小细胞肺癌

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00551-9

Lizza E L Hendriks, Jordi Remon, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Marina C Garassino, John V Heymach, Keith M Kerr, Daniel S W Tan, Giulia Veronesi, Martin Reck

引用次数: 0

Recognizing and responding to stigma-related barriers in health care. 认识和应对医疗保健中与污名相关的障碍。

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00554-6

Carmen H Logie, Laura Nyblade

引用次数: 0

Publisher Correction: Hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders. 出版商更正：危险饮酒和酒精使用障碍。

IF 76.9 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00561-7

James MacKillop, Roberta Agabio, Sarah W Feldstein Ewing, Markus Heilig, John F Kelly, Lorenzo Leggio, Anne Lingford-Hughes, Abraham A Palmer, Charles D Parry, Lara Ray, Jürgen Rehm

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia Sarcopenia

IF 81.5 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00559-1

引用次数: 0

Sarcopenia Sarcopenia

IF 81.5 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00550-w

Avan A. Sayer, Rachel Cooper, Hidenori Arai, Peggy M. Cawthon, Marie-Josiane Ntsama Essomba, Roger A. Fielding, Miranda D. Grounds, Miles D. Witham, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft

{"title":"Sarcopenia","authors":"Avan A. Sayer, Rachel Cooper, Hidenori Arai, Peggy M. Cawthon, Marie-Josiane Ntsama Essomba, Roger A. Fielding, Miranda D. Grounds, Miles D. Witham, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft","doi":"10.1038/s41572-024-00550-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00550-w","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is the accelerated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function commonly, but not exclusively, associated with advancing age. It is observed across many species including humans in whom it can lead to decline in physical function and mobility as well as to increased risk of adverse outcomes including falls, fractures and premature mortality. Although prevalence estimates vary because sarcopenia has been defined in different ways, even using a conservative approach, the prevalence is between 5% and 10% in the general population. A life course framework has been proposed for understanding not only the occurrence of sarcopenia in later life but also influences operating at earlier life stages with potentially important implications for preventive strategies. Harnessing progress in understanding the hallmarks of ageing has been key to understanding sarcopenia pathophysiology. Considerable convergence in approaches to diagnosis of sarcopenia has occurred over the last 10 years, with a growing emphasis on the central importance of muscle strength. Resistance exercise is currently the mainstay of treatment; however, it is not suitable for all. Hence, adjunctive and alternative treatments to improve quality of life are needed. An internationally agreed approach to definition and diagnosis will enable a step change in the field and is likely to be available in the near future through the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":76,"journal":{"name":"Faraday Discussions","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":81.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142262703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. 作者更正：发育性和癫痫性脑病。

IF 81.5 3区化学

Faraday Discussions Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00558-2

Ingrid E Scheffer,Sameer Zuberi,Heather C Mefford,Renzo Guerrini,Amy McTague

引用次数: 0