Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals最新文献_第9页

Extraction of Zirconium from Its Oxide during Electrolysis of the KF–AlF3–Al2O3–ZrO2 Melts KF-AlF3-Al2O3-ZrO2熔体电解过程中氧化锆的萃取

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.3103/S106782122204006X

A. A. Filatov, A. Yu. Nikolaev, A. V. Suzdaltsev, Yu. P. Zaikov

{"title":"Extraction of Zirconium from Its Oxide during Electrolysis of the KF–AlF3–Al2O3–ZrO2 Melts","authors":"A. A. Filatov, A. Yu. Nikolaev, A. V. Suzdaltsev, Yu. P. Zaikov","doi":"10.3103/S106782122204006X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S106782122204006X","url":null,"abstract":"Zirconium is one of the widely demanded materials, while the existing methods of its production are multistage and energy-intensive. The paper proposes a method for extracting zirconium from its oxide by electrolysis of low-temperature oxide-fluoride melt KF–AlF3–Al2O3–ZrO2 with a temperature of 750°C. For this purpose, the potentials for the electroreduction of zirconium and aluminum ions on a glassy carbon electrode have been determined by means of voltammetric methods. It was shown that the electroreduction of aluminum ions in the KF–AlF3–Al2O3 melt occurs at a potential more negative than –0.05 V relative to the aluminum electrode with the formation of a cathode peak in the potential range from –0.18 to –0.2 V. With the addition of 1 wt % of ZrO2, cathode current on the voltammogram begins at a potential more negative than 0 V, and the cathode peak is formed at a potential of about –0.1 V. Similar results were observed in the study of the cathode process in the KF–AlF3–Al2O3 melt with and without the addition of ZrO2 by means of square-wave voltammetry. It has been suggested that, because of the lower bond energy, zirconium-containing electroactive ions are discharged at a potential that is 0.05–0.08 V more positive than the discharge potential of aluminum-containing ions. At a graphite cathode potential of –0.1 and –0.3 V relative to the aluminum electrode, the electrolysis of the KF–AlF3–Al2O3–ZrO2 melt was carried out, and the elemental and phase composition of the obtained deposits was determined by X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive microanalysis. It was shown that, at a potential of –0.1 V, a deposit with 98.5–99.5 wt % zirconium can be obtained. This indicates a reliable possibility of selective extraction of zirconium by the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"63 4","pages":"379 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4322317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of Filler Rod for Repair Welding of ZK51 (ML12) Magnesium Alloy Castings ZK51 (ML12)镁合金铸件补焊焊条的生产

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.3103/S1067821222040101

A. V. Koltygin, V. E. Bazhenov, S. A. Tavolzhanskii, S. V. Matveev, I. V. Plisetskaya, M. V. Belov, A. V. Samokhin, V. D. Belov

{"title":"Production of Filler Rod for Repair Welding of ZK51 (ML12) Magnesium Alloy Castings","authors":"A. V. Koltygin, V. E. Bazhenov, S. A. Tavolzhanskii, S. V. Matveev, I. V. Plisetskaya, M. V. Belov, A. V. Samokhin, V. D. Belov","doi":"10.3103/S1067821222040101","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1067821222040101","url":null,"abstract":"In magnesium alloys castings, the casting defects such as shrinkage porosity often occur. Such defects can be suppressed by repair welding or surfacing using a special filler rod. Unfortunately, in Russia, a low amount of filler rod is consumed. Therefore, domestic enterprises do not manufacture it, limiting themselves to imports or homemade low-quality substitutes. Nevertheless, there is a need for filler rod, and recently it has become unprofitable to replace them with imported materials owing to a significantly increased price. Therefore, there is a need to study the technology of its production to replace imported filler rod with domestic material. Magnesium alloys based on the Mg–Zn–Zr (La, Nd) system SV1, SV122, and ZK51 (ML12) that used as a filler rod for repair welding of ZK51 alloy castings were studied in this work. The samples were obtained by permanent mold casting into aluminum molds followed by hot extrusion into a filler rod with a diameter of 4 mm. It was shown that all the investigated alloys could be obtained in the form of a rod with a diameter of 4 mm. Therefore, the investigated rod samples from the SV122 alloy were used as filler material for repair welding of ZK51 magnesium alloy castings. The weld seam in the T1 condition has an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) about 80% of the UTS of the casting material.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"63 4","pages":"409 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4322598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of Mn2AlB2 Material via Thermal Explosion 热爆炸法制备Mn2AlB2材料

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-09-07 DOI: 10.3103/S1067821222040022

Baoyan Liang, Dandan Zhu, Qi Zhang, Xiaochen Feng, Yanli Zhang, Wangxi Zhang, Jizhou Zhang, Li Yang

{"title":"Preparation of Mn2AlB2 Material via Thermal Explosion","authors":"Baoyan Liang, Dandan Zhu, Qi Zhang, Xiaochen Feng, Yanli Zhang, Wangxi Zhang, Jizhou Zhang, Li Yang","doi":"10.3103/S1067821222040022","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1067821222040022","url":null,"abstract":"Mn/Al/B mixed powders were used as raw material for the thermal explosion reaction in a tubular furnace to rapidly prepare Mn2AlB2 ceramics with high content at low temperature. The effects of raw material ratio, raw material particle size, and NaCl additives on the synthesis of Mn2AlB2 were studied systematically. The formation mechanism of Mn2AlB2 was proposed. The thermal explosion reaction was induced when the preheating temperature was approximately 686.9°C. The materials with MnB, Al, and Mn2AlB2 were synthesized as main phases. Mn2B and AlMnx were obtained in small amounts. Increasing the content of Al or refining the Mn and B size in the raw material reduced the content of MnB and other impurities in the product significantly, thereby promoting the synthesis of Mn2AlB2. The thermal explosion products were porous, and the sintering degree was weak. Many lathed Mn2AlB2 grains with an approximate size of 4 μm were obtained. A mechanism for the thermal explosion synthesis of Mn2AlB2 was proposed.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"63 4","pages":"448 - 455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4325071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Efim Pavlovich Slavsky. Vladikavkaz stage of the biography

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-84-89

S. Chedzhemov

引用次数: 0

Effect of reduction ratio during cold rolling and final annealing temperature on the properties and microstructure of Al–Mg–Sc alloy sheets 冷轧压下率和最终退火温度对Al-Mg-Sc合金板材性能和组织的影响

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-75-83

F. Grechnikov, Y. Erisov, S. Surudin, V. Razzhivin

{"title":"Effect of reduction ratio during cold rolling and final annealing temperature on the properties and microstructure of Al–Mg–Sc alloy sheets","authors":"F. Grechnikov, Y. Erisov, S. Surudin, V. Razzhivin","doi":"10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-75-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-75-83","url":null,"abstract":"The study covers the effect of the reduction ratio during cold rolling (εh) and the final annealing temperature of sheets rolled with different reduction ratios on the microstructure and the complex of mechanical and processing properties of cold-rolled sheets made of the V-1579 aluminum alloy of the Al–Mg–Sc system. It was established that as εh increases, the nature of plastic anisotropy changes slightly, and an increase in tensile strength and yield strength with a decrease in relative elongation is observed. In this case, the ultimate strength and yield strength anisotropy is practically absent. As the reduction ratio increases to 30–40 %, the relative elongation anisotropy increases, and its value in the rolling direction decreases more rapidly. However, after rolling with εh > 50 %, the relative elongation anisotropy practically disappears. Regardless of the annealing temperature, samples rolled with a higher reduction ratio have better strength properties. It was found that as the annealing temperature increases, the ultimate strength and yield strength decrease, and the relative elongation increases. In this case, softening with an increase in the annealing temperature occurs more intensively for samples rolled with a lower reduction. After annealing, the distribution nature of anisotropy indices in the sheet plane does not decrease and corresponds to the deformation type of textures for all analyzed modes. Moreover, the value of the in-plane anisotropy coefficient decreases in comparison with a cold-rolled sample. At the same time, processing properties of samples rolled with a higher degree of deformation after annealing are higher than those of samples rolled with a lower reduction, regardless of the annealing temperature.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74025367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Ti, Sr and B additions on the fluidity of A356.2 aluminium alloy Ti、Sr和B添加量对A356.2铝合金流动性的影响

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.17073/0022-3438-2021-4-55-66

V. Bazhenov, I. I. Baranov, A. Titov, A. Sannikov, D. Y. Ozherelkov, A. A. Lyskovich, A. Koltygin, V. Belov

{"title":"Influence of Ti, Sr and B additions on the fluidity of A356.2 aluminium alloy","authors":"V. Bazhenov, I. I. Baranov, A. Titov, A. Sannikov, D. Y. Ozherelkov, A. A. Lyskovich, A. Koltygin, V. Belov","doi":"10.17073/0022-3438-2021-4-55-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/0022-3438-2021-4-55-66","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, aluminum alloys with silicon are the most widespread construction materials. To increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys, modifying by Sr, Ti, and B are used. However, in the foundries, when using scrap and secondary aluminum alloys, the modifying elements are accumulated in alloys in the form of intermetallic particles that decrease castability. This is because of the modifiers have a short time effect and are not activated when remelting. Hence it is necessary to add the modifiers without reference to intermetallic particles that are exactly presented in the melt. This work investigated the effect of Sr, Ti, and B additions on A356.2 aluminum alloy fluidity obtained by vacuum fluidity test. It was shown that when AlSr10 and AlTi5B1 commercial master alloys are used (up to 0.3 wt.% Sr and 0.5 wt.%Ti), no fluidity decrease is observed. However, adding the same quantity of Ti with the homemade AlTi4 master alloy leads to a considerable fluidity decrease. With the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), the microstructure and phase composition of master alloys and A356.2 alloy after the addition of mentioned master alloys were investigated. Additionally, Thermo- Calc software evaluated the influence of modifier additions on alloy phase composition and phase transition temperatures. It was established that the influence of the modifier additions on the fluidity of the A356.2 alloy is connected with the shape and size of crystals that contained modifier elements in the structure of the master alloy. When the coarse crystals of that phases are present, these crystals’ incomplete dissolution is possible, inhibiting the free melt flow.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80851940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sergei Vladimirovich Mamyachenkov is 60 years old Sergei Vladimirovich Mamyachenkov今年60岁

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-90

A. Editorial

引用次数: 0

Effect of the structure and properties of welded zones made of Sv-AK5 welding wire at robotic surfacing 机器人堆焊对Sv-AK5焊丝焊接区组织和性能的影响

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-19 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-67-74

K. Nikitin, D. A. Dunaev, S. S. Zhatkin, V. I. Nikitin

{"title":"Effect of the structure and properties of welded zones made of Sv-AK5 welding wire at robotic surfacing","authors":"K. Nikitin, D. A. Dunaev, S. S. Zhatkin, V. I. Nikitin","doi":"10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"The study covers the effect of welding arc current (47, 57, and 67 A) on the structure and properties of deposited samples obtained by robotic electric arc surfacing. Sv-AK5 (ER4043) welding wire of the Al-Si system was used as a filler material. Surfacing was carried out on a substrate in the form of a 6 mm thick plate made of AMg6 alloy (Al-Mg system). During surfacing, a typical two-phase structure of a hypoeutectic composition is formed in samples typical for Al–Si alloys with a silicon content of 5 %. Along the height of deposited layers, there is a tendency to structure enlargement in the direction from the substrate, which is associated with the accumulation of heat in layers deposited along the height. As welding arc current increases, α-Al-based dendrites and eutectic silicon crystals are refined with an increase in the density and a decrease in the microhardness of deposited samples. The increase in density is due to the reduced proportion and size of gas pores, as well as refined structural components. The decrease in microhardness is associated with the increased proportion of the soft phase (α-Al dendrites) and decreased quantity of hard eutectic silicon crystals. The average content of silicon in samples deposited in three modes is in the range of 5.46–5.91%, which corresponds to the chemical composition of Sv-AK5 (ER4043) welding wire. Higher welding arc current contributes to an increase in the tensile strength and a slight decrease in the offset yield strength and relative elongation. The features of changes in the mechanical properties of deposited samples are determined by of the specific cast structure of deposited layers formed under conditions of directional solidification in the direction from the substrate.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79410837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of separation and concentration techniques for impurities in rare earth-based materials for further spectral and mass spectral analysis 稀土基材料中杂质的分离和浓缩技术综述，用于进一步的光谱和质谱分析

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-25-44

K. V. Petrova, V. V. Es’kina, V. B. Baranovskaya, M. Doronina, N. A. Korotkova, A. Arkhipenko

{"title":"Review of separation and concentration techniques for impurities in rare earth-based materials for further spectral and mass spectral analysis","authors":"K. V. Petrova, V. V. Es’kina, V. B. Baranovskaya, M. Doronina, N. A. Korotkova, A. Arkhipenko","doi":"10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-25-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-25-44","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of using materials based on rare earth elements (REE) largely depends on their impurity composition, which affects their structure and properties. Before the analytical quality control of REE-based materials and initial substances for their production, it is necessary to determine both macrocomponents and impurity elements with high sensitivity and accuracy. A complex of atomic emission and mass spectral analytical methods is often used for the determination of impurities in REE-based materials in the range from 10–5 to 5.0 wt.%. However, the analysis of such materials, even using these modern high-sensitivity methods is a difficult task due to spectral and matrix interferences. Therefore, different preliminary separation/concentration procedures are needed to determine both rare earth and other impurities. This article reviews publications is devoted to preconcentration methods for spectral and mass spectral analysis of REEbased materials and, in part, a number of other analytical techniques. It was shown that the most common approaches are liquid extraction and chromatography. Sorption, cloud-point extraction and coprecipitation are also used. There is no universal method. Each of the methods discussed in this article has its own advantages and limitations. The analytical completion of the method confirms the effectiveness of the selected separation/concentration method in each specific case.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80731089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using reagents in the form of inverse microemulsion for lead and zinc sulfide flotation 以反相微乳液形式浮选硫化铅锌

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-15-24

V. I. Bragin, N. F. Usmanova, E. Burdakova, A. A. Kondratieva

{"title":"Using reagents in the form of inverse microemulsion for lead and zinc sulfide flotation","authors":"V. I. Bragin, N. F. Usmanova, E. Burdakova, A. A. Kondratieva","doi":"10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2022-4-15-24","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies on the use of collecting agents in the form of an inverse microemulsion (IМE) of the «water in oil» type (i.e. suspended water droplets are in the oil phase) for the flotation extraction of lead and zinc minerals. Lead and zinc concentrates, lead-zinc ore were used as initial samples for flotation. The content of galena in the lead concentrate was 74.7 %, and the content of sphalerite in zinc was 78.7 %. Basic collecting agents in the IМE composition were potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) and kerosene. A nonionic surfactant (NSA) was used for IМE stabilization. Casein was used as additives to main reagents to remove the negative effect of osmotic pressure during the IМE preparation. Casein was transformed into the active soluble form using sodium sulfide. The particle size in the inverse microemulsion was 12.38 nm. In flotation tests, the following options for feeding reagents to the flotation pulp were studied: IМE, IМE + frother, potassium butyl xanthate + frother. The T-92 reagent was used as a frother. PBX consumption as part of IME and in the traditional feeding was 26 g/ton. The results of laboratory tests showed that the method of feeding flotation reagents in the form of IМE leads to both an increase in the flotation rate of lead and zinc sulfides and an increase in their recovery into a foam product. In addition to the increased flotation speed, tests with the use of IМE in the bulk lead-zinc ore flotation cycle showed an increase in extraction into the ultimate concentrate by 10.8 % for lead, by 38.5 % for zinc, in comparison with the traditional feeding of reagents (collector + frother). An increased selectivity of the IМE effect in relation to zinc sulfides, in comparison with lead sulfides, was noted. The flotation rate coefficient of sphalerite is 7.8 times greater than that of galena. An increase in extraction into the ultimate zinc concentrate is also higher and amounted to 16.78 %, while for the lead concentrate it is 1.9 % under the same conditions.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86815632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0