Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals最新文献

Process Research and Mechanism Analysis of Pellet Roasting and Monazite Decomposition 颗粒焙烧和独居石分解的工艺研究与机理分析

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600121

Jianfei Li, Yubo Xu, Zhisheng Dong, Ruifeng Ma, Xiaowei Zhang, Ligang Wen, Qing Wang, Xiaoyan Hao, Wenbin Xin, Zhaogang Liu

{"title":"Process Research and Mechanism Analysis of Pellet Roasting and Monazite Decomposition","authors":"Jianfei Li, Yubo Xu, Zhisheng Dong, Ruifeng Ma, Xiaowei Zhang, Ligang Wen, Qing Wang, Xiaoyan Hao, Wenbin Xin, Zhaogang Liu","doi":"10.1134/S1067821224600121","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1067821224600121","url":null,"abstract":"The concentrated sulfuric acid roasting method and caustic soda method, as the main processes for treating Bayan Obo mixed rare earth concentrate, have been operating normally for decades. However, due to their serious pollution, high cost, and waste of accompanying resources, relevant rare earth enterprises are facing severe environmental and cost pressures. The sodium carbonate roasting method is a clean method for treating rare earth minerals, but due to the phenomenon of “ring formation” in the rotary kiln during the reaction process, this process has not been widely promoted. Based on the above facts, this article proposes a decomposition method for sodium pelletizing to decompose monazite, which effectively alleviates the related technical problems caused by the “ring formation” problem. Moreover, the rare earth leaching rate is 86.87%, and the recovery rates of F, P, and Th are 98.64, 13.87, and 88.96%. It is a potential rare earth mineral cleaning production process and can provide certain technical references for relevant rare earth enterprises.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 4-6","pages":"52 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exothermic Synthesis of Binary Solid Solutions Based on Hafnium and Zirconium Carbides 基于碳化铪和碳化锆的二元固溶体的放热合成

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S106782122460025X

V. A. Shcherbakov, A. N. Gryadunov, M. I. Alymov

{"title":"Exothermic Synthesis of Binary Solid Solutions Based on Hafnium and Zirconium Carbides","authors":"V. A. Shcherbakov, A. N. Gryadunov, M. I. Alymov","doi":"10.1134/S106782122460025X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106782122460025X","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of an experimental study into the possibility of producing ultrahigh temperature ceramics constituting solid solutions of HfC and ZrC carbides by the single-stage electrothermal explosion (ETE) method under pressure. Adiabatic flame temperature and phase composition of the equilibrium final product were calculated on the basis of thermodynamic data. It was shown that, when the ZrC content in the final product is less than 20 wt %, the adiabatic flame temperature reaches 3800–3900 K, and the combustion product contains hafnium and zirconium carbides. The effect of mechanical activation modes in an AGO-2 planetary centrifugal mill used for a reaction mixture containing Hf, Zr, and C powders on its properties, phase composition formation, and the microstructure of carbide solid solutions was studied. It was shown that high-energy mixing in hexane leads to the destruction of the crystal structure of Hf and Zr particles and the formation of amorphous composite particles. The synthesized samples of ultrahigh temperature ceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction and microstructure analyses. It was shown that exothermic synthesis leads to the formation of single-phase solid solutions of HfC and ZrC carbides with the average particle size of 1.5–0.2 µm. The residual porosity of the binary carbides obtained is 10–12%. It was found that, despite the high temperature of sample heating during ETE under pressure, the particle size of the resulting solid solutions is significantly (by an order of magnitude) smaller than the particle size of similar complex carbides (20–50 µm) obtained by other methods (SPS and hot pressing). This is associated with the rapidity of the exothermic interaction of the reagents (10–50 ms) during ETE.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 4-6","pages":"45 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tungsten Carbide by Electrothermal Explosion under Pressure: Accompanying Phase Transformations 碳化钨在压力下的电热爆炸：伴随的相变

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600273

V. T. Telepa, M. I. Alymov, A. V. Shcherbakov

引用次数: 0

Preparation of Mo25ZrB2 Cermet by Hot Pressing Sintering and Its Static Oxidation Behavior 热压烧结法制备 Mo25ZrB2 金属陶瓷及其静态氧化行为

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S106782122460008X

Zhenjie Sun

{"title":"Preparation of Mo25ZrB2 Cermet by Hot Pressing Sintering and Its Static Oxidation Behavior","authors":"Zhenjie Sun","doi":"10.1134/S106782122460008X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106782122460008X","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a kind of cermet with Mo25ZrB2 component was prepared by hot pressing sintering method, and its phase composition and mechanical properties were characterized. The characteristics show that after hot pressing sintering, Mo metal and ZrB2 ceramic react to generate a certain amount of MoB, which makes the powder bond closely, the bending strength is close to 250 MPa, and the fracture toughness is close to the fracture toughness of the casting die H13. In addition, the static oxidation behavior of the material at different temperatures was also characterized. The experimental results show that the composite with ZrB2 ceramic powder can overcome the problem of melting failure of Mo matrix at 800°C. The results of static oxidation at 800°C show that the oxidation of Mo matrix is not obvious. This shows that the compound of ZrB2 effectively protects the Mo matrix and makes the Mo matrix reach a higher operating temperature. The oxidation behavior at 1000°C also showed that zirconium boride would still combine with high temperature oxygen and consume it in the first step, which played a protective role on Mo matrix. This shows that the material still has good application potential at higher temperatures.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 4-6","pages":"25 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Mechanical Activation and Combustion Parameters on SHS Compaction of Titanium Carbide 机械活化和燃烧参数对碳化钛 SHS 压实的影响

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600224

Yu. V. Bogatov, V. A. Shcherbakov

{"title":"Effect of Mechanical Activation and Combustion Parameters on SHS Compaction of Titanium Carbide","authors":"Yu. V. Bogatov, V. A. Shcherbakov","doi":"10.1134/S1067821224600224","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1067821224600224","url":null,"abstract":"We present the results of a study on the preparation of dense titanium carbide by SHS compaction. It was found that the use of a mechanically activated reaction mixture of titanium and carbon black powders made it possible to obtain titanium carbide samples with a maximum relative density of 95%. The specific feature of this work is that the mechanical activation of the components of the Ti + C mixtures was carried out in a ball mill for several tens of hours. The influence of the modes of activated mixing on the characteristics of the reaction mixture and combustion parameters was studied. The influence of technological parameters on combustion characteristics and structure of consolidated titanium carbide was also investigated. It was found that the rate and temperature of combustion strongly depend on the size, mass, and density of charge compacts. With an increase in the diameter (20–58 mm) and weight (10–70 g) of pressed samples from mixtures with activated reagents, the combustion rate varied from 10 to 100 cm/s, and the combustion temperature varied from 2200 to 3100°C. A strong influence of the prepressing pressure (applied at the combustion stage) on the combustion rate and temperature was shown: in the pressure range of 0–10 MPa, the combustion rate sharply decreases from 100 to 10 cm/s. In the pressure range of 0–40 MPa, the combustion temperature decreases monotonically from 3000 to 2000°C. A mechanism of high-speed combustion of the reaction mixture of titanium and soot has been proposed, in which the determining factors are the mechanical activation of the components of the mixture (titanium and soot) and the formation of radial cracks (channels) in the pressed samples, which ensure the propagation of incandescent impurity gases into the inner layers and the initiation of the carbidization reaction in the volume of charge compacts.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 4-6","pages":"31 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SHS Compaction of TiC-Based Cermets Using Mechanically Activated Mixtures 使用机械活化混合物对 TiC 基金属陶瓷进行 SHS 压实

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600236

Yu. V. Bogatov, V. A. Shcherbakov

{"title":"SHS Compaction of TiC-Based Cermets Using Mechanically Activated Mixtures","authors":"Yu. V. Bogatov, V. A. Shcherbakov","doi":"10.1134/S1067821224600236","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1067821224600236","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with obtaining metal-ceramic composite materials through the method of SHS compaction. The study investigates the influence of mechanical activation of metallic components in reactive mixtures based on the Ti + C + Cr + Ni system on the structure and properties of the resulting composites. Mechanical activation of the Ti, Cr, and Ni metallic powders was performed using two methods. In the first method, Cr and Ni powders were activated separately from the other components of the reactive mixtures using grinding media in a ball mill, after which they were mixed with Ti and carbon black powders. It was shown that the preliminary mechanical activation of the inert components reduces the combustion temperature and rate, which increases the average size of carbide grains. The second method involved a joint processing of Ti + Cr, Ti + Ni, and Ti + Cr + Ni powder mixtures in a ball mill, which were then mixed with carbon black. This method provided mechanical activation of titanium particles while minimizing the impact of grinding media on Cr and Ni powders. This led to an increase in the combustion rate and temperature, a decrease in the average size of carbide grains, and an improvement in the uniformity of the composite structure. A mechanism of interaction between the reagents (Ti + C) involving activated Cr and Ni particles in the combustion and structure formation zones is proposed. According to this mechanism, the mechanical activation of inert components leads to their direct participation in the reaction between titanium and carbon, which determines the reduction in combustion rate and temperature and affects the dispersion and uniformity of the structure of compact composites. The results were used to enhance the uniformity and refine the structure of the STIM-3B composite (synthetic hard tool material grade 3B).","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 4-6","pages":"39 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of SiO2 and TiO2 Flux on Metallurgical and Corrosion Properties of the Activated TIG Welded AA7004 Aluminum Alloy SiO2 和 TiO2 助焊剂对活化 TIG 焊接 AA7004 铝合金的冶金和腐蚀特性的影响

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600054

Krunalkumar Patel, Sunil. D. Kahar

引用次数: 0

Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of Hot Pressing Sintered Nb5Cr Superalloy 热压烧结 Nb5Cr 超级合金的力学性能和氧化行为

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600042

Zhenjie Sun

{"title":"Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of Hot Pressing Sintered Nb5Cr Superalloy","authors":"Zhenjie Sun","doi":"10.1134/S1067821224600042","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1067821224600042","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an alloy with a group of Nb5Cr was prepared by hot pressing sintering and its phase composition was characterized. After hot pressing sintering, Cr element exists in the form of solid solution outside the Nb matrix, and a certain amount of NbCr2 phase is formed. The bending strength of the obtained alloys is not less than 250 MPa, and the fracture toughness is close to that of H11 casting die steel. In addition to the mechanical properties of the alloy, the oxidation behavior of the alloy at different temperatures was also studied. The experimental results show that the change of the alloy is not obvious at 1000°C except for the dissolution of Cr element, and at 1000–1200°C, the alloy can spontaneously form a CrNbO4 oxide film which is weakly bound to the alloy matrix. This is very conducive to the application of separation between the mold and the casting mold during casting. This product provides the casting industry with a material that can spontaneously form a Self-oxidizing film under high temperature oxidation environment and provides a usable choice for materials used in high temperature casting environment.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 1-3","pages":"9 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanically Strong Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Cu–SiC Electrochemical Composite 基于 Cu-SiC 电化学复合材料的机械强度超疏水涂层

IF 0.6 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1134/S1067821224600091

V. G. Glukhov, I. G. Botryakova, N. A. Polyakov

{"title":"Mechanically Strong Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Cu–SiC Electrochemical Composite","authors":"V. G. Glukhov, I. G. Botryakova, N. A. Polyakov","doi":"10.1134/S1067821224600091","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1067821224600091","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a method for the formation of superhydrophobic electrochemical coatings based on copper with relatively high mechanical strength. The method of electrodeposition of copper composites with nanodispersed silicon carbide particles is considered as the main approach to obtaining such coatings. Electrochemical codeposition of nanoparticle agglomerates and a copper matrix makes it possible to obtain the required multimodal roughness of coatings. This coating, after treatment with stearic acid, acquires superhydrophobic properties. The paper presents data on the morphology, superhydrophobic properties and chemical composition of coatings. The optimal mode for the formation of such coatings has been determined. According to the results of mechanical tests, the superhydrophobic Cu–SiC composite is superior in resistance to dry friction to many other superhydrophobic coatings formed by electrochemical methods. The resulting coatings have a developed surface morphology, which makes it possible to achieve a wetting angle of 162°. This determines the increased corrosion resistance of copper coated with a superhydrophobic Cu–SiC composite in the salt spray chamber. The time until the first corrosion damages appears on copper in the salt spray chamber increases from several hours (without coating) to 3.5 days (with coating). In this case, the coating continues to remain generally superhydrophobic for more than a day, and after the loss of superhydrophobicity, it remains hydrophobic.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"64 1-3","pages":"15 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermodynamics of the Effect of Alloying of Phase Formation during Crystallization of Aluminum Matrix Composites with Exogenous Reinforcement 外源增强铝基复合材料结晶过程中合金化对相形成影响的热力学研究

IF 0.8 4区材料科学

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.3103/S106782122206013X

E. S. Prusov, V. A. Kechin, V. B. Deev, P. K. Shurkin

{"title":"Thermodynamics of the Effect of Alloying of Phase Formation during Crystallization of Aluminum Matrix Composites with Exogenous Reinforcement","authors":"E. S. Prusov, V. A. Kechin, V. B. Deev, P. K. Shurkin","doi":"10.3103/S106782122206013X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S106782122206013X","url":null,"abstract":"A thermodynamic assessment of the influence of alloying elements (Si, Mg, Cu, Ti) on the processes of phase formation during the production and liquid-phase processing of cast aluminum matrix composite materials with exogenous reinforcement (Al–SiC, Al–B4C) has been carried out. It is shown that without suppression of the formation of Al–Si–C and Al4C3 carbides in the range of carbon concentrations from 0 to 4.5 wt %, the equilibrium phase composition of composites of the Al–SiC system in the solid state at temperatures from 423 to 575ºC lies in the three-phase region (Al) + Si + Al4SiC4, and below a temperature of 423ºC, the Al4SiC4 ternary carbide is replaced by the Al8SiC7 compound. In the Al–SiC–Mg system, the crystallization of composites containing more than 0.58 wt % magnesium ends in the four-phase region (Al) + Al3Mg2 + SiC + Mg2Si. In the Al–SiC–Ti system, the end of crystallization is fixed in the three-phase region (Al) + Al3Ti + SiC. In the Al–B4C system, after suppression of the formation of the Al4C3 phase, with a deviation from the concentrations of elements that provide 10 vol % B4C, aluminum borides are formed in the direction of increasing boron, and free carbon is formed in the direction of decreasing boron. Under equilibrium conditions, with a silicon content of up to 0.67 wt %, the crystallization of the Al–B4C–Si system ends in the four-phase region (Al) + B4C + AlB12 + Al8SiC7, and at a higher silicon content, it ends in the region (Al) + Si + AlB12 + Al8SiC7. In the Al–B4C–Ti system, with a Ti content of less than 0.42 wt %, crystallization ends in the three-phase (Al) + TiB2 + B4C region.","PeriodicalId":765,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals","volume":"63 6","pages":"631 - 640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5108626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0