American journal of infection control最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of infection and reinfection among health care workers in a hospital of Northern China between BA.5/BF.7 and XBB.1.5 wave","authors":"Xue-Dong Song MM ,&nbsp;Hui-Xia Gao MM ,&nbsp;Hao Tan MB ,&nbsp;Yan-Yan Xie MB ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang MM ,&nbsp;Chen-Min Zhang MB ,&nbsp;Yu-Ling Wang MM ,&nbsp;Er-Hei Dai MD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection associated with the emergence of Omicron variant in Healthcare workers (HCWs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled 760 HCWs who received 2-4 vaccination doses of COVID-19 and followed by BA.5/BF.7 and/or XBB.1.5 breakthrough infections between December 2022 and July 2023. Serum sample from each individual were collected approximately 1,3 and 6 months after last exposure. IgM, IgG and Total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Meanwhile, we created an Enterprise WeChat link for HCWs to self-report SARS-CoV-2 infections, symptoms and post COVID-19 conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study revealed that the reinfection rate among HCWs reached 26.1%. The main symptoms were fever (91.2% vs 60.1%), cough (78.8% vs 58.0%), and sore throat (75.4% vs 59.6%) during infection and reinfection in Omicron BA.5/BF.7 and XBB.1.5 wave, and the interval for reinfection ranged from 91 to 210 days (median 152). Fatigue (23.6%), memory loss (18.8%) and coughing (18.6%) were the most prevalent long COVID symptoms, with a higher prevalence among female HCWs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HCWs reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 causes milder symptoms, but high reinfection rate and short intervals. Strengthen infection prevention and control is crucial to mitigating infection risk and improving health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 228-238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and implementation of learning collaboratives for infection prevention and control education in long-term care facilities","authors":"Cindy Prins PhD, MPH, CIC ,&nbsp;Mishal Khan MHA ,&nbsp;Nicole M. Marlow PhD, MSPH ,&nbsp;Avery Bollinger MS ,&nbsp;Cassandra L. Johnson RN, MPH ,&nbsp;Jamie L. Pomeranz PhD ,&nbsp;Sally M. Bethart DNP, APRN, CNE ,&nbsp;Kartikeya Cherabuddi MD,FIDSA ,&nbsp;Ann L. Horgas PhD, RN ,&nbsp;Veena Venugopalan PharmD ,&nbsp;Duzgun Agdas PhD ,&nbsp;Chang-Yu Wu PhD, MS ,&nbsp;Antarpreet Singh Jutla PhD, MSc, MTech ,&nbsp;Argentina Charles MPH, CIC ,&nbsp;F. Lee Revere PhD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infections in long-term care facilities pose a critical challenge, with 1 to 3 million serious infections annually and up to 380,000 associated deaths. The vulnerability of aging populations and inadequate infection prevention and control programs underscore the need for intervention. This initiative provided tailored continuing education through 8 virtual learning collaboratives serving 541 infection preventionists. The project also developed 9 infection prevention and control toolkits and a manual to further support long-term care facilities' infection prevention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 261-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facility-level antibiotic prescribing rates and the use of antibiotics among nursing home residents","authors":"Quynh T. Vo PhD ,&nbsp;Farzad Noubary PhD ,&nbsp;Brandon Dionne PharmD ,&nbsp;Shira Doron MD ,&nbsp;Benjamin Koethe MPH ,&nbsp;Becky A. Briesacher PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The high frequency of antibiotic use in US nursing homes is a public health concern. Facility-level prescribing patterns may provide a measure for antibiotic stewardship targeting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An analysis of 2018-2019 data from linked files from the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare was conducted. Multilevel generalized linear models were used to calculate odds ratios for antibiotic receipt for calendar year 2019 using the 2018 facility prescribing rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2019, 186,274 (19%) residents were prescribed an antibiotic. The most frequently prescribed class of antibiotics was cephalosporins (26%), and the average duration of antibiotic use was 9 days. Residents who were dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid had 37% increased odds of antibiotic receipt (all adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35, 1.39). The 2018 facility prescribing rate was associated with 14% increased odds of antibiotic receipt in 2019 in NHs in the medium (11.9%-20.2%) prescribing category (all aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.17) and 36% increased odds of antibiotic receipt in NHs in the high (&gt; 20.3%) prescribing category (all aOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.40) when compared with the lowest (0%-11.8%) prescribing category.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Antibiotic stewardship strategies should target nursing homes with high antibiotic prescribing rates and high populations of dually eligible patients to improve care in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric CO2 monitoring to identify zones of increased airborne pathogen transmission risk in hospital settings","authors":"Andrew P. Shoubridge PhD ,&nbsp;Amanda Brass PhD ,&nbsp;Levi Elms BHSc(Hons) ,&nbsp;Sarah K. Sims BSc(Hons) ,&nbsp;Angela Anderson MSN ,&nbsp;Dylan Mordaunt PhD ,&nbsp;Maria Crotty PhD ,&nbsp;Lito E. Papanicolas PhD ,&nbsp;Steven L. Taylor PhD ,&nbsp;Geraint B. Rogers PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measures to reduce airborne pathogen transmission in health care settings, such as increased air exchange, air decontamination, and reductions in peak occupancy, can be expensive and disruptive, particularly when employed in an untargeted manner. We report the empirical identification of high transmission risk zones in a tertiary hospital, using carbon dioxide-based assessments of air exchange. This rapid, cost-effective, and unobtrusive approach led to the targeted remediation of a high transmission risk zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 266-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Becoming hand hygiene heroes: Implementation of an infection prevention and control campaign for patient and family hospital safety","authors":"Brooke Cheng MD ,&nbsp;Mavis Chan BSc ,&nbsp;Danielle Abi-Farrage BSc ,&nbsp;Melissa Braschel MSc ,&nbsp;Pamela Harrison BA, MLIS ,&nbsp;Jocelyn A. Srigley MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that hand hygiene (HH) is key in preventing health care-associated infections. Patients and families are understudied targets for infection prevention and control practices. Previous campaigns to change HH behavior have been effective, but often face systemic challenges with implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The “Hand Hygiene Heroes” educational campaign was developed to improve patient and family HH at 2 tertiary care pediatric and obstetrics hospitals. Its multiple phases included visual materials, tailored activities for 9 hospital units, and long-term evaluation during a 2-year period. HH rates among patients/families and health care workers were measured at baseline and throughout the campaign via direct observation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, HH significantly increased for both patients/families (OR 1.82, <em>P</em> .041) and health care workers (OR 2.15, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) after campaign initiation. However, individual units had varying degrees of sustainment on follow-up evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Duration of intervention, activity simplicity, active participation, and resource availability may affect success of campaign initiatives. Positive prognostic factors included mixed leadership support from administration and frontline workers, predetermined sustainability plans, and tailored activities by target audience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementation of hospital educational campaigns can be resource-intensive but can positively impact patient and family HH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 181-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial contamination in reusable health care bath basins: An observational descriptive study","authors":"Barbara J. Quinn DNP, RN, ACNS-BC, FCNS,&nbsp;Kathleen Vollman MSN, RN, CCNS, FCCM, FCNS, FAAN","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between pathogens in the health care environment and health care-associated infection has been well-documented in the literature. No study has been published since 2012 regarding the contamination of reusable bath basins. This brief report aims to determine if basin contamination remains a reservoir for bacteria that may contribute to the risk of spreading microorganisms to vulnerable patients. We address this question with data from multiple sites over 10<!--> <!-->years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 272-273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral care in nonventilated hospitalized patients","authors":"Matthew B. Crist MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Michele J. Neuburger DDS, MPH ,&nbsp;Shelley S. Magill MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kiran M. Perkins MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health care workers’ perceptions about infection prevention and control in Latin America","authors":"Valeria Fabre MD ,&nbsp;Carolyn Herzig MPH ,&nbsp;Lucy Anchiraico Galarza CIC ,&nbsp;Bowen Aquiles MD ,&nbsp;Ana Belen Arauz MD ,&nbsp;Maria del Carmen Bangher MD ,&nbsp;Marisa L. Bernan MD ,&nbsp;Sol Burokas MD ,&nbsp;Iris L. Cazali MD ,&nbsp;Angel Colque MD ,&nbsp;Marisabel Comas MD ,&nbsp;Rosa Verónica Contreras MD ,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Cordoba CIC ,&nbsp;Silvia Mabel Correa CIC ,&nbsp;Gustavo Costilla Campero MD ,&nbsp;Aura Chiroy CIC ,&nbsp;Gabriela De Ascencao MD ,&nbsp;Carlos Cruz García MD ,&nbsp;Cecilia Ezcurra MD ,&nbsp;Leandro Falleroni MD ,&nbsp;Rodolfo E. Quiros MD, MSc, MBA, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Limited information exists regarding health care workers’ (HCWs) perceptions about infection prevention and control (IPC) in Latin America.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an electronic voluntary anonymous survey to assess HCWs’ perceptions toward IPC in 30 hospitals in Latin America during August to September 2022. Nurses, physicians, and environmental cleaning (EVC) staff were prioritized for recruitment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 1,340 HCWs completed the survey. Of these, 28% were physicians, 49% nurses, 8% EVC staff, and 15% had “other” roles. Self-compliance with hand hygiene and prevention bundles was perceived to be high by 95% and 89% of respondents, respectively; however, ratings were lower when asked about compliance by their peers (reported as high by 81% and 75%, respectively). Regular training on IPC and access to health care-associated infections (HAI) rates were more limited among physicians than other HCWs (eg, 87% of EVC staff and 45% of physicians reported training upon hiring and thereafter, 60% of nurses and 51% of physicians reported regular access to HAI rate reports).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified several opportunities to strengthen IPC practices in Latin American hospitals, including improving HCW education and training on IPC and their awareness of HAI rates and compliance with prevention measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection prevention and control in long-term care facilities in Florida: A needs assessment survey","authors":"Cindy Prins PhD, MPH, CIC, CPH, FSHEA ,&nbsp;Avery E. Bollinger MA ,&nbsp;Cassandra L. Johnson RN, MPH ,&nbsp;Jamie L. Pomeranz PhD, CRC, CLCP ,&nbsp;Sally M. Bethart DNP, APRN, FNP-BC, PHNA-BC, CNE ,&nbsp;Kartikeya Cherabuddi MD, FACP, FIDSA ,&nbsp;Ann L. Horgas PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN ,&nbsp;Veena Venugopalan PharmD ,&nbsp;Nicole M. Marlow PhD, MSPH ,&nbsp;Duzgun Agdas PhD, PE ,&nbsp;Chang-Yu Wu PhD, MS ,&nbsp;Antarpreet Singh Jutla PhD, MSc, MTech, BTech ,&nbsp;Mishal Khan MHA ,&nbsp;Argentina Charles MPH, CIC ,&nbsp;A.C. Burke MA,CIC ,&nbsp;F. Lee Revere PhD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although several surveys of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices have been conducted in the United States, none have focused on the state of Florida, which has the fourth-largest number of certified nursing facilities in the country. A needs assessment survey was conducted to better understand the specific needs and practices of individuals responsible for IPC in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Florida.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In November and December of 2022, a 90-question online survey was distributed to individuals responsible for IPC activities at 3,690 LTCFs in Florida. After omitting incomplete responses, 304 survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Survey responses regarding hand hygiene, sharps safety, and staff training reflect compliance with recommended IPC practices. Staffing shortages for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants were high among respondents (30%), while few reported shortages of personal protective equipment (5%). Only 11% of respondents state their facility requires flu vaccines, despite the high-risk environment of LTCFs. Concerning the built environment, the results suggest infection preventionists have limited awareness of the scope of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in their facilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Some areas of compliance with IPC best practices were noted, but multiple opportunities for education and training on IPC best practices were identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 210-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right-sizing expectations for hand hygiene observation collection","authors":"Sara M. Reese PhD, MPH, CIC, FAPIC,&nbsp;Bryan C. Knepper MPH, MS, CIC, FAPIC,&nbsp;Rebecca Crapanzano-Sigafoos DrPH, MPH, CIC, FAPIC","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hand Hygiene (HH) monitoring is essential for patient and staff safety, but the optimal number of observations remains elusive. This project aimed to determine a statistically comparable number below the current standard of 100 to 200 per month per unit.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HH observations from various hospitals were grouped in strata by facility, unit, and month, then resampled into sets of 25, 50, 100, and 150 for comparison with 200. Significant comparisons and confidence interval width differences were calculated. A power analysis, accounting for adherence rates (50%-90%), identified sample sizes needed for significant differences from 200 at the 0.05 level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 873,618 observations across 68 facilities, compared sample sizes (25, 50, 100, 150) to 200, showed 2.6% to 4.3% significant differences at <em>P</em> = .05, with median confidence interval width differences from 0.05% to 0.68%. The power analysis showed required percentage differences for significance at <em>P</em> = .05 ranged from 7.8% (150 vs 200 at 90% HH adherence) to 30% (25 vs 200 at 50% adherence).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest hospitals could reduce HH observations to 50 per unit per month without affecting data quality even at lower adherence. It is recommended that standards shift focus from monitoring (with fewer observations) to training, education, culture, infrastructure, and feedback.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":"53 2","pages":"Pages 175-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}